How can we best eliminate pharmaceuticals from wastewater?
Bourassi, Mahdi
2023 - English Persistent pharmaceutical occurrence in different lakes and rivers usually originates from live stocks, agriculture, aquaculture, households, and hospitals. The presence of these compounds in the ecosystems leads to fatal consequences. Pharmaceuticals can threaten microorganisms in the environment, either causing its deterioration or allowing pathogens to gain resistance against antibiotics and medical treatments. These occurrences in the environment questions the ability of conventional treatment to remediate pharmaceutical wastewater. Keywords: wastewater; pharmaceuticals; membrane separation Available in a digital repository NRGL How can we best eliminate pharmaceuticals from wastewater?

Persistent pharmaceutical occurrence in different lakes and rivers usually originates from live stocks, agriculture, aquaculture, households, and hospitals. The presence of these compounds in the ...

Bourassi, Mahdi
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of fluorinated mannosamines
Krčil, Aleš
2023 - English The aim of the project is to synthesise mono-, di- and trifluoroanalogs of N-acetylmannosamines. The cytotoxicity of the final products towards selected cancer cells will be determined. The key intermediates are the corresponding multiply fluorinated mannosazidethioglycosides prepared from deoxyfluorinated 1,6-anhydro-2-azidoβ-D-hexopyranose precursors by ring-opening reactions with phenyltrimethylsilyl sulfide. Keywords: synthesis; cytotoxicity; fluorinated mannosamines Available in a digital repository NRGL Synthesis and cytotoxicity of fluorinated mannosamines

The aim of the project is to synthesise mono-, di- and trifluoroanalogs of N-acetylmannosamines. The cytotoxicity of the final products towards selected cancer cells will be determined. The key ...

Krčil, Aleš
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

Chiral anion exchanger based on α-methylbenzylamine for enantioselective separation of racemic acids
Čížek, Jan
2023 - English In this work, new enantioselective material based on α-methylbenzylamine as the chiral selector (recently utilized by our group in the preparation of chiral\nmembranes) covalently attached to Merrifield resin beads is proposed and discussed as a potentially cost-effective alternative to typically expensive stationary phase materials. It is shown that charged chiral methylbenzylamine works as an enantioselective anion exchanger potentially suitable for the separation of chiral acids, such as N–protected amino acid, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as ibuprofen. In a glass column chromatography experiment, racemic N–(tert–butoxycarbonyl) tryptophan was partially separated, reaching enantiomeric excess in eluates of around 10%.\n Keywords: chiral membranes; separation; racemic acids Available in a digital repository NRGL Chiral anion exchanger based on α-methylbenzylamine for enantioselective separation of racemic acids

In this work, new enantioselective material based on α-methylbenzylamine as the chiral selector (recently utilized by our group in the preparation of chiral\nmembranes) covalently attached to ...

Čížek, Jan
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

Application of hydrodynamic cavitation in brewing
Štěrba, Jiří
2023 - English The aim of this work is to apply these advantages in the brewery industry. In the field of beer brewing, we would like to investigate several phenomenona, such as the isomerization of bitter hop acids, the reduction of gluten concentration or the cell-walls breakdown. Keywords: brewery industry; hydrodynamic cavitation; experiments Available in a digital repository NRGL Application of hydrodynamic cavitation in brewing

The aim of this work is to apply these advantages in the brewery industry. In the field of beer brewing, we would like to investigate several phenomenona, such as the isomerization of bitter hop ...

Štěrba, Jiří
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

Intercomparison of boundary layer and mixing layer height from models and ground-based measurements
Julaha, Kajal
2023 - English In this study, we found that the boundary layer height tends to belower in ERA5 and timing for the daily peak also appears to differ\nas compared to ceilometer boundary layer data. In contrast, the ERA5 boundary layer observation was found to agree well with the mixing layer height obtained from the ceilometer. Whereas in comparison to HYSPLIT, GFS and GDAS, observations were found to agree well with ceilometer data while Reanalysis underestimated mixing layer height throughout the year. The seasonal changes in the boundary/mixing layer height were well captured by both models and the ceilometer. Keywords: planetary boundary layer; air pollution; measurements Available in a digital repository NRGL Intercomparison of boundary layer and mixing layer height from models and ground-based measurements

In this study, we found that the boundary layer height tends to belower in ERA5 and timing for the daily peak also appears to differ\nas compared to ceilometer boundary layer data. In contrast, the ...

Julaha, Kajal
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

INTRODUCTION TO PRAGUE AEROSOL CALIBRATION CENTER
Ondráček, Jakub; Roztočil, Petr
2023 - English In general, the PACC offers a range of services, from calibration and consulting to methodology and technical development. Furthermore, the PACC has the capacity to organize and perform training for microphysical (including optical in the near future) aerosol in-situ instrumentation. The equipment at the PACC is fully in-line with the state of-the-art aerosol instrumentation (starting from various aerosol generators for welldefined nanoparticles, reference instruments, and newly designed calibration lines) and the laboratory space is flexible for various types of instrument calibration/verification/intercomparison or testing of newly developed, cutting-edge equipment. Keywords: calibration laboratory; ACTRIS; CPC Available in a digital repository NRGL INTRODUCTION TO PRAGUE AEROSOL CALIBRATION CENTER

In general, the PACC offers a range of services, from calibration and consulting to methodology and technical development. Furthermore, the PACC has the capacity to organize and perform training for ...

Ondráček, Jakub; Roztočil, Petr
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

PM1 UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: MULTI-ANNUAL AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SIZE DISTIRBUTION OBSERVATION AT PERI-URBAN ATMOSPHERIC SITE ATOLL
Suchánková, Lenka; Bourrianne, E.; De Fillipi, R.; De Brito, J.F.; Riffault, V.; Prokeš, R.; Holoubek, I.; Ždímal, Vladimír; Crumeyrolle, S.
2023 - English Atmospheric aerosols (AA) belong to short-lived climate forcers with high spatial and temporal variability. Although the radiative effects of AA are greatest on regional scales, changes in aerosol emissions can induce long-term global climate effects (Szopa et al., 2021). Thus, the measurement of aerosol properties is essential for better understanding of aerosol’s impact on health and climate. Although several international projects and platforms have been monitoring AA properties worldwide (GAW, WMO, ACTRIS, EMEP, EUCAARI, etc., Pandolfi et al., 2018), only PM10 or PM2.5 cutoff sizes have been used for measurements, and information about PM1 particles is missing. The aim of this study is to present aerosol scattering properties with supporting data of absorption and particle number size distribution in PM1 in years 2018-2022 at peri-urban atmospheric site Atmospheric Observations in LiLLE (ATOLL) in Lille, France. This study is the first to present results dedicated to aerosol scattering properties at this site. Keywords: scattering coefficient; nephelometer; fossil fuel and biomass burning contribution Available in a digital repository NRGL PM1 UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: MULTI-ANNUAL AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SIZE DISTIRBUTION OBSERVATION AT PERI-URBAN ATMOSPHERIC SITE ATOLL

Atmospheric aerosols (AA) belong to short-lived climate forcers with high spatial and temporal variability. Although the radiative effects of AA are greatest on regional scales, changes in aerosol ...

Suchánková, Lenka; Bourrianne, E.; De Fillipi, R.; De Brito, J.F.; Riffault, V.; Prokeš, R.; Holoubek, I.; Ždímal, Vladimír; Crumeyrolle, S.
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

Recyklace solárních fotovoltaických panelů
Šperlich, Antonín
2023 - Czech Dlouhodobé trendy ukazují zvyšující se instalovanou kapacitu solárních fotovoltaických elektráren. S tím je však také spojena velká produkce vyřazených panelů. Odhadované množství odpadních panelů se předpokládá mezi 60 a 80 miliony tun celosvětově okolo roku 2050. Takto velké objemy odpadů mohou tvořit zajímavý zdroj cenných látek, ale také nutnost recyklace kvůli životnímu prostředí. Příspěvek má za cíl popsat možnosti recyklace panelů a jejich využití ke stavbě reálné recyklační linky. Long-term trends show an increasing installed capacity of solar photovoltaic power plants. However, this is also associated with a large production of discarded panels. It is estimated that by 2050 there will be between 60 and 80 million tonnes of waste panels worldwide. Such large amounts of waste can be an \ninteresting source of valuable materials, but also need to be recycled for environmental reasons. The aim of this paper is to describe the possibilities of recycling panels and using them to build a real recycling line. Keywords: recycling; solar photovoltaic panels; technology design Available in a digital repository NRGL Recyklace solárních fotovoltaických panelů

Dlouhodobé trendy ukazují zvyšující se instalovanou kapacitu solárních fotovoltaických elektráren. S tím je však také spojena velká produkce vyřazených panelů. Odhadované množství odpadních panelů se ...

Šperlich, Antonín
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

Abstrakty přednášek v sekci Mládí vpřed a plakátových sdělení 24. ročníku Školy hmotnostní spektrometrie
Cvačka, Josef; Vlk, Mikuláš; Vrkoslav, Vladimír; Hubálek, Martin
2023 - Czech Keywords: mass spectrometry; LC-MS; GC-MS Fulltext is available at external website. Abstrakty přednášek v sekci Mládí vpřed a plakátových sdělení 24. ročníku Školy hmotnostní spektrometrie

Cvačka, Josef; Vlk, Mikuláš; Vrkoslav, Vladimír; Hubálek, Martin
Ústav organické chemie a biochemie, 2023

Podpora biodiverzity travních porostů pomocí maloplošných úhorů
Fabšičová, Martina; Frei, I.; Jiroušek, M.; Smetanová, S.; Šipoš, Jan; Trnka, F.; Vymyslický, T.; Winkler, J.; Zdražílková, M.
2023 - Czech Hlavním cílem předkládané metodiky je na základě experimentů s úhorovým managementem navrhnout systém doporučení pro aplikaci maloplošné orby v ochraně přírody. Vzhledem k provázanosti zemědělské půdy mimo zvláště chráněná území s přímými platbami Ministerstva zemědělství (MZe) je v současné době důležité uplatnění metodiky zejména ve velkoplošných chráněných územích, kde je záchrana přírodního a kulturního dědictví primárním cílem. Jednoleté i víceleté úhory, tj. biotopy adaptované na pravidelné narušování povrchu půdy nabízejí vhodná stanoviště pro řadu dnes ohrožených druhů rostlin i živočichů. Jedná se o technicky i ekonomicky snadné řešení, pro maximální efektivitu je však obtížné zvolení vhodného stanoviště. Orba nesmí být použita v druhově bohatých travních porostech, kde by došlo k ruderalizaci a degradaci původní vegetace. Dále nesmí být prováděna u erozně ohrožených pozemků. Vybírány by měly být liniové okraje travních porostů, které byly v minulosti orané, tj. nedávno zatravněná pole, úhory, okraje polí. Problémem mohou být blízké populace invazních druhů rostlin. Naše doporučení k využití úhorového hospodaření se primárně vztahují na pozemky s nižší zásobou živin v půdě v nížinách a pahorkatinách. The main goal of the methodology presented here is to propose a system of recommendations for applying fallow in nature conservation based on our experiments. Due to the independence of agricultural land outside specially protected areas with direct payments from the Ministry of Agriculture, it is currently important to apply the methodology, especially in large protected areas where the primary objective is to preserve natural and cultural heritage. Annual and perennial fallows, i.e. biotopes adapted toregular soil disturbance, offer suitable habitats for a number of now-threatened plant and animal species. This is a technically and economically easy solution, but it is challenging to select a suitable location to achieve maximum efficiency. Ploughing must not be used in species-rich grasslands which would lead to ruderalization and degradation of the native vegetation. Furthermore, it must not be carried out on land at risk of erosion. Linear grassland margins, which have been ploughed in the past, recently grassed fields, fallows, and field margins should be selected for fallow management. Nearby populations of invasive plant species can be a problem. Our recommendations for the use of fallow management relate primarily to land in lowland and upland areas with a lower soil nutrient supply. Keywords: biodiversity; disturbance; succession Fulltext is available at external website. Podpora biodiverzity travních porostů pomocí maloplošných úhorů

Hlavním cílem předkládané metodiky je na základě experimentů s úhorovým managementem navrhnout systém doporučení pro aplikaci maloplošné orby v ochraně přírody. Vzhledem k provázanosti zemědělské půdy ...

Fabšičová, Martina; Frei, I.; Jiroušek, M.; Smetanová, S.; Šipoš, Jan; Trnka, F.; Vymyslický, T.; Winkler, J.; Zdražílková, M.
Botanický ústav, 2023