Number of found documents: 352
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Genetická diverzita potenciálně terapeutické tasemnice Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea)
ŘEŽÁBKOVÁ, Lucie
2020 - English
Tasemnice Hymenolepis diminuta je helmint stále častěji využívaný pro účely biologické léčby, tzv. helminto-terapie. Účelem této terapie je prevence a léčba chronických zánětlivých onemocnění, jejichž prevalence prudce stoupá u lidí žijících ve vyspělých zemích. Převážná většina izolátů H. diminuta je identifikována na základě morfologických znaků, nicméně je zde možnost výskytu kryptických druhů identifikovatelných na základě fylogenetických analýz. V případě kryptické diverzity v rámci komplexu H. diminuta by mohlo být pozorováno rozdílné působení (zejména imunologické) různých izolátů na hostitelský organismus. Tato práce se zaměřuje na odhalení možné genetické diverzity sledováním sekvencí dvou genů - lsrDNA and cox1. Studovány byly převážně izoláty z Evropy a USA, které jsou již využívány pro výzkumné nebo účely. The tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta is highly prevalent in rat populations and has also been observed rarely in humans. H. diminuta has become a leading candidate for helminth therapy used to treat or prevent inflammatory diseases of humans in Western society. While most of the experimental isolates of H. diminuta are identified based on typical morphological features, hymenolepidid tapeworms may represent complexes of cryptic species as detected by molecular sequence data. In the present study, we explored the diversity of laboratory-kept strains using partial sequences of two genes (lsrDNA and cox1) and determined that H. diminuta isolates currently considered for therapeutic purposes in the US and Europe belong to a single, genetically nearly uniform lineage, showing only little genetic deviation from wild isolates. Keywords: Hymenolepis diminuta; helminto-terapie; lsrDNA; cox1; kryptická diverzita Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Genetická diverzita potenciálně terapeutické tasemnice Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea)

Tasemnice Hymenolepis diminuta je helmint stále častěji využívaný pro účely biologické léčby, tzv. helminto-terapie. Účelem této terapie je prevence a léčba chronických zánětlivých onemocnění, jejichž ...

ŘEŽÁBKOVÁ, Lucie
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2020

Tick-borne encephalitis virus inhibits rRNA synthesis and host protein production in human cells of neural origin
SELINGER, Martin
2019 - English
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with host protein synthesis. In order to determine whether TBEV interacts with this host process in its natural target cells, we analysed de novo protein synthesis in a human cell line derived from cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY HTB-186). We observed a significant decrease in the rate of host protein synthesis, including the housekeeping genes HPRT1 and GAPDH and the known interferon-stimulated gene viperin. In addition, TBEV infection resulted in a specific decrease of RNA polymerase I transcripts, 18S and 28S rRNAs and their precursor, 45-47S pre-rRNA, but had no effect on the RNA polymerase III-transcribed 5S rRNA levels. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with host protein synthesis. In order to determine whether TBEV interacts with this host process in its natural target cells, we analysed de novo protein synthesis in a human cell line derived from cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY HTB-186). We observed a significant decrease in the rate of host protein synthesis, including the housekeeping genes HPRT1 and GAPDH and the known interferon-stimulated gene viperin. In addition, TBEV infection resulted in a specific decrease of RNA polymerase I transcripts, 18S and 28S rRNAs and their precursor, 45-47S pre-rRNA, but had no effect on the RNA polymerase III-transcribed 5S rRNA levels. Keywords: tick-borne encephalitis; host response; rRNA; transcriptional/translational shut-off Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Tick-borne encephalitis virus inhibits rRNA synthesis and host protein production in human cells of neural origin

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with ...

SELINGER, Martin
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

The Proteocephalus species-aggregate in freshwater centrarchid and percid fishes of the Neartic Region (North America)
UHROVÁ, Lucie
2019 - English
In the present paper, three species of the Proteocephalus-aggregate de Chambrier, Zehnder, Vaucher and Mariaux, 2004 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from centrarchid and percid fishes from North America are reviewed and recognized as a valid: (1) Proteocephalus fluviatilis Bangham, 1925, (2) Proteocephalus luciopercae Wardle, 1932, (3) Proteocephalus pearsei La Rue, 1919 and additionaly Proteocephalus ambloplitis (Leidy, 1887), which does not belong to this Proteocephalus aggregate, is provided for the first time. Moreover, molecular analysis of the contatenated (28S rDNA+COI) dataset of Proteocephalus-aggregate species is presented. In the present paper, three species of the Proteocephalus-aggregate de Chambrier, Zehnder, Vaucher and Mariaux, 2004 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from centrarchid and percid fishes from North America are reviewed and recognized as a valid: (1) Proteocephalus fluviatilis Bangham, 1925, (2) Proteocephalus luciopercae Wardle, 1932, (3) Proteocephalus pearsei La Rue, 1919 and additionaly Proteocephalus ambloplitis (Leidy, 1887), which does not belong to this Proteocephalus aggregate, is provided for the first time. Moreover, molecular analysis of the contatenated (28S rDNA+COI) dataset of Proteocephalus-aggregate species is presented. Keywords: Cestoda; Proteocephalidea; Proteocephalus-aggregate Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
The Proteocephalus species-aggregate in freshwater centrarchid and percid fishes of the Neartic Region (North America)

In the present paper, three species of the Proteocephalus-aggregate de Chambrier, Zehnder, Vaucher and Mariaux, 2004 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from centrarchid and percid fishes from North America ...

UHROVÁ, Lucie
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

Small but diverse: larval trematode communities in the small freshwater planorbids Gyraulus albus and Segmentina nitida (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from the Ruhr River, Germany
VYHLÍDALOVÁ, Tereza
2019 - English
This study reveals the importance of small planorbid snails, in particular Gyraulus albus, as first intermediate hosts for a species-rich trematode fauna in European freshwater systems, and highlights the parasite contribution to the ecosystem biodiversity. This study reveals the importance of small planorbid snails, in particular Gyraulus albus, as first intermediate hosts for a species-rich trematode fauna in European freshwater systems, and highlights the parasite contribution to the ecosystem biodiversity. Keywords: Planorbidae; Digenea; Parasite diversity; Community composition; Reservoir; Europe Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Small but diverse: larval trematode communities in the small freshwater planorbids Gyraulus albus and Segmentina nitida (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from the Ruhr River, Germany

This study reveals the importance of small planorbid snails, in particular Gyraulus albus, as first intermediate hosts for a species-rich trematode fauna in European freshwater systems, and highlights ...

VYHLÍDALOVÁ, Tereza
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

World travellers: phylogeny and biogeography of the butterfly genus Leptotes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
PAPP MAREŠOVÁ, Jana
2019 - English
V této práci jsme se zabývali fylogenetickými a biogeografickými vztahy opomíjených motýlů subtribu Leptotina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), který je široce rozšířen v tropických a subtropických oblastech celého světa. Použili jsme jak mitochondriální tak nukleární markery a různé molekulární analýzy, abychom odhalili vztahy v rámci tohoto subtribu. Také jsme se zaměřili na časy diverzifikace a biogeografické patrnosti taxonů Starého světa a zabývali jsme se detailní fylogeografií nejrozšířenějšího druhu, Leptotes pirithous. In this thesis, we investigated phylogenetic and biogeographical relationships of neglected butterflies of the subtribe Leptotina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. We used both mitochondrial and nuclear markers and different molecular analyses to resolve relationships within the subtribe. We also focused on diversification times and biogeographical patterns of Old World taxa and detailed phylogeography of the most widespread species, Leptotes pirithous. Keywords: biogeografie; COI; Cyclyrius; Ef1a; Leptotina; fylogeneze; wingless Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
World travellers: phylogeny and biogeography of the butterfly genus Leptotes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

V této práci jsme se zabývali fylogenetickými a biogeografickými vztahy opomíjených motýlů subtribu Leptotina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), který je široce rozšířen v tropických a subtropických oblastech ...

PAPP MAREŠOVÁ, Jana
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

PREDATION PRESSURE ON ARTIFICIAL CATERPILLARS INDICATES ENEMY-REDUCED TIME AND SPACE
SEIFERT, Carlo Lutz
2019 - English
This thesis explores patterns of predation on artificial caterpillars in two neotropical lowland rainforest ecosystems. The specific aim was to test if enemy-reduced time and space does exist for physical undefended caterpillars. Our results indicated that larval Lepidoptera are capable to lower predation risk by nocturnal foraging and by avoiding habitats of high light irradiance. Thus, habitat-specific host plant choice by adult females and a timely scheduled foraging behaviour of the caterpillars could remarkably increase the survival rate of immature stages. This thesis explores patterns of predation on artificial caterpillars in two neotropical lowland rainforest ecosystems. The specific aim was to test if enemy-reduced time and space does exist for physical undefended caterpillars. Our results indicated that larval Lepidoptera are capable to lower predation risk by nocturnal foraging and by avoiding habitats of high light irradiance. Thus, habitat-specific host plant choice by adult females and a timely scheduled foraging behaviour of the caterpillars could remarkably increase the survival rate of immature stages. Keywords: ants; caterpillars; foraging behaviour; Lepidoptera; predators; rainforest Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
PREDATION PRESSURE ON ARTIFICIAL CATERPILLARS INDICATES ENEMY-REDUCED TIME AND SPACE

This thesis explores patterns of predation on artificial caterpillars in two neotropical lowland rainforest ecosystems. The specific aim was to test if enemy-reduced time and space does exist for ...

SEIFERT, Carlo Lutz
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

Fylogeografické zhodnocení hraboše východoevropské s ohledem k východokazašskému výskytu
VOLFOVÁ, Tereza
2019 - English
The Eastern European vole (Microtus mystacinus) is an arvicoline rodent distributed across northern and eastern Europe, the Balkans, Turkey, Armenia, NW and N Iran, Russia as far east as the Tobol River in W Siberia, and W and N Kazakhstan. We present a novel records from eastern Kazakhstan (the village of Dzhambul - 49 14 21.3N, 86 18 29.9E and the village of Sekisovka - 50 21 9.18N, 82 35 46.5E) based on mtDNA and we discuss implications of this findings on biogeography of eastern Kazakhstanpopulations. Marine Isotope Stage 11 is considered an important period for the diversification of the arvalis species group. In the context of our study, it is important to analyse genetically discontinuous Siberian populations, and the current distribution of M. mystacinus in new localities in eastern Kazakhstan. Keywords: Microtus mystacinus; Kazakhstan Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Fylogeografické zhodnocení hraboše východoevropské s ohledem k východokazašskému výskytu

The Eastern European vole (Microtus mystacinus) is an arvicoline rodent distributed across northern and eastern Europe, the Balkans, Turkey, Armenia, NW and N Iran, Russia as far east as the Tobol ...

VOLFOVÁ, Tereza
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

Expressed sex ratio in populations of the moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus (Scorpidiaceae) in the Czech Republic with consideration of its cryptic species.
MANUKJANOVÁ, Alžběta
2019 - English
This thesis aims at sex expression and sex ratio in cryptic species of a rare fen moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus. The sex expression and expressed sex ratio were compared at various hierarchical levels. Additionally, micromaps of expressed sex ratio in patches at 21 localities, including 5 localities where both clades co-occur have been created. This thesis aims at sex expression and sex ratio in cryptic species of a rare fen moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus. The sex expression and expressed sex ratio were compared at various hierarchical levels. Additionally, micromaps of expressed sex ratio in patches at 21 localities, including 5 localities where both clades co-occur have been created. Keywords: bryophyte; cryptic species; Hamatocaulis vernicosus; reproduction; sex ratio Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Expressed sex ratio in populations of the moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus (Scorpidiaceae) in the Czech Republic with consideration of its cryptic species.

This thesis aims at sex expression and sex ratio in cryptic species of a rare fen moss Hamatocaulis vernicosus. The sex expression and expressed sex ratio were compared at various hierarchical levels. ...

MANUKJANOVÁ, Alžběta
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

Benigní helmint Hymenolepis diminuta pozitivně ovlivňuje chemicky vyvolanou kolitidu u potkaního modelu
LEVÁ, Jana
2019 - English
In this study is examined the protective effect of different life cycles stages of rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta against dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS) induced colitis in rat model. The clinical health of rats, gut microbiota and systemic inflammation was analysed. For determination of the level of inflammation and type 2 immune response of rat model was used relative gene expression of TNF, IL-1, IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 using real-time PCR. Our results showed that colonization by immature life stages of H. diminuta before the induction of DNBS colitis reduced clinical symptoms and inflammation in rat model but did not protect rats against colitis. Type 2 immune response was detected by an increase in gene expression of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13. The gut microbiota does not substantial role in H. diminuta-mediated protection. Keywords: helminth; DNBS colitis; gut microbiota; helminth therapy; Hymenolepis diminuta; IL-10; cytokines Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Benigní helmint Hymenolepis diminuta pozitivně ovlivňuje chemicky vyvolanou kolitidu u potkaního modelu

In this study is examined the protective effect of different life cycles stages of rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta against dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS) induced colitis in rat model. The ...

LEVÁ, Jana
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

Ustanovení experimentálních modelů na hlodavcích pro studie Blastocystis ST1.
LHOTSKÁ, Zuzana
2019 - English
Blastocystis is a common gut protist of human spread around the globe with the prevalence ranging from 5 % to 100 %. In the past, Blastocystis was considered a pathogen participating on the clinical manifestation of intestinal inflammation such as Crohn's disease or Irritable bowel syndrome. New evidence demonstrates that Blastocystis is most probably a normal part of the gut microbiota in healthy humans and animals. So far, there is no established and commonly used in vivo experimental system for the investigation of the role of Blastocystis in health and disease. Thus, we evaluated a rat model for sustaining of a human-derived Blastocystis ST1 and assess colonization success and longevity. Because of the broad host range of Blastocystis, we compared the rat with three other rodent species to establish the reproducibility of our method. In this study, the colonization of Blastocystis ST1 was established in 100 % of the challenged outbred rats (Rattus norvegicus) and gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Colonization of the experimental rats was asymptomatic for more than one year, but Blastocystis ST1 was not possible to trans-mitted between rats. Mus musculus strain CD1 and Mastomys coucha were not susceptible to Blastocystis ST1. Thus, rats appear to be a suitable in vivo model for studies of Blastocystis ST1, as do gerbils though testing was less extensive. This work lays the foundation for experimental work on the role of Blastocystis in health and disease. Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Ustanovení experimentálních modelů na hlodavcích pro studie Blastocystis ST1.

Blastocystis is a common gut protist of human spread around the globe with the prevalence ranging from 5 % to 100 %. In the past, Blastocystis was considered a pathogen participating on the clinical ...

LHOTSKÁ, Zuzana
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2019

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