Instrumental neutron activation analysis of psychoactive substances, mainly heroin, cocaine, metamphetamine and their adulterants
Kameník, Jan; Kučera, Jan
2023 - Czech Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) is a robust analytical method theoretically well descibed and understood. INAA works with solid samples, dissolution is not required. The methodology introduces INAA background and lists procedures used for quality control. Protocols for INAA of heroin, cocaine and methamphetamine are described in details. Applications of INAA for psychoactive substances includes estimation of purity and adulterants used and drogs profiling. The metodology is based on measurement of laboratory and real samples. Instrumentální neutronová aktivační analýza je založena na robustním teoretickém základu a umožňuje analýzu vzorků v pevném stavu bez nutnosti jejich převedení do roztoku. Text metodiky zahrnuje představení základů INAA a příklady postupů používaných pro kontrolu přesnosti výsledků. Uveden je popis postupu analýzy heroinu, kokainu a metamfetaminu. Aplikace pro využití INAA zahrnují odhad čistoty a použitých ředících látek a profilování vzorků drog. Metodika je založena na analýze laboratorních a reálných vzorků. Keywords: NAA; psychotropic substances; methodology Available at various institutes of the ASCR Instrumental neutron activation analysis of psychoactive substances, mainly heroin, cocaine, metamphetamine and their adulterants

Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) is a robust analytical method theoretically well descibed and understood. INAA works with solid samples, dissolution is not required. The methodology ...

Kameník, Jan; Kučera, Jan
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2023

Elemental analysis of vehical glass using neutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis
Kameník, Jan; Fikrle, Marek; Kučera, Jan
2023 - Czech Glass microfragments provide valuable information about certain vehicle crimes. The methodology describes application of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) and neutron activation analysis (NAA) of elemental admixtures in vehicle glass fragments. XRF allows rapid and non-destructive test of the sample and helps in selection of protocols for detailed inspections by additional methods. NAA is time demanding, however, has potential to provide robust results for law enforcement agencies. Both methods are described together with protocols of analysis and their variants. The methodology includes results for 80+ vehicle glass samples. Mikrofragmenty skel nesou cenné informace o některých druzích zločinů spojených s vozidly. Metodika popisuje využití Rentgenové fluorescenční analýzy (RFA) a neutronové aktivační analýzy (NAA) pro stanovení prvkových přímesí ve střepech automobilových skel. RFA umožňuje rychlé nedestruktivní testování vzorku, které umožní výběr analytických postupů pro další analýzu. Metoda NAA je časově náročnější, má potenciál poskytovat robustní výsledky pro orgány činné v trestním řízení. Metodika zahrnuje popis obou metod a jejich uplatnění při analýze fragmentů skel. Součástí metodiky jsou výsledky analýzy více než 80 vzorků automobilových skel. Keywords: XRF; INAA; methodology Available at various institutes of the ASCR Elemental analysis of vehical glass using neutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis

Glass microfragments provide valuable information about certain vehicle crimes. The methodology describes application of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) and neutron activation analysis (NAA) of ...

Kameník, Jan; Fikrle, Marek; Kučera, Jan
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2023

Provenancing of drugs based on their elemental composition determined by Neutron Activation Analysis - Feasibility Study
Kučera, Jan; Kameník, Jan; Sabol, J.; Šesták, B.; Kolář, P.; Roman, M.
2018 - Czech We analyzed five samples of heroine and five samples of cocaine seized in the Czech Repulic using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). In the heroine speciments, we determined 16 trace elements in at least one of the samples analyzed, in the cocaine speciment, 9 trace elements could be determined. We have found remarkable differences, up to several orders of magnitude, in contents of the elements Na, Cl, Zna and Br, especially in the heroine samples. The accuracy of INAA results was proved by simultaneous analysis of a certified reference material NIST SRM 1547 Peach Leaves. The results of trace element determination in heroine samples are compard with those published by autors from abroad. The results obtained show a high potential of INAA for the drug elemental characteriaztion aimed at determination of their provenance, procedures used for their manufacturing and purification and cutting for the end users. The results achieved also suggest that it is desirable to analyze more samples with the final aim of establishing a database of elemental composition of drugs seized in the Czech Republic, which could possibly be extended later, in cooperation with foreign drug abuse and police bodies, at the international level. Analyzovali jsme pět vzorků heroinu a pět vzorků kokainu zachycených na území České republiky metodou instrumentální neutronové aktivační analýzy (INAA). Alespoň v jednom z analyzovaných vzorků heroinu jsme stanovili 16 stopových prvků, ve vzorcích kokainu se jednalo o 9 stopových prvků. Pozoruhodné rozdíly až v rozmezí několika řádů, jsme zjistili v obsazích prvků Na, Cl, Cr, Zn a Br, zejména ve vzorcích heroinu. Přesnost výsledků INAA jsme prokázali simultánní analýzou certifikovaného referenčního materiálu NIST SRM 1547 Peach Leaves. Výsledky stanovení stopových prvků v heroinu jsme porovnali s výsledky zahraničních autorů. Dosažené výsledky ukazují na vysoký potenciál metody INAA pro prvkovou charakterizaci drog za účelem zjištění jejich původu, způsobu výroby a čištění či způsobu ředění pro konečné uživatele. Pokládáme za účelné pokračovat v analýzách většího množství vzorků s konečným cílem vytvoření databáze prvkového složení vzorků zkonfiskovaných na území ČR, která by později mohla být rozšířena ve spolupráci se zahraničními protidrogovými a policejními orgány v mezinárodním měřítku. Keywords: heroine; cocain; INAA Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Provenancing of drugs based on their elemental composition determined by Neutron Activation Analysis - Feasibility Study

We analyzed five samples of heroine and five samples of cocaine seized in the Czech Repulic using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). In the heroine speciments, we determined 16 trace ...

Kučera, Jan; Kameník, Jan; Sabol, J.; Šesták, B.; Kolář, P.; Roman, M.
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2018

Ion beam modification of materials for optics, electronic and spintronics -ion implantation using accelerators or laser induced plasma ion generation
Macková, Anna
2016 - Czech Ion beam modification offers a broad field of the creating the new functional materials and nano-structures for optics, electronics, spintronics and other material branches. Using ions produced by ion accelerators or implanters\nmeans the usage of the monoenergetic beams for precise doped layer, nano-particles or cluster creation by varying the ion implantation specie versus matrix combination together with the implantation energy, ion flux etc. Recently\nappears the multienergetic ion implantation which is realized by using of the intense laser shot generating plasma from the specially designed targets, where the ions are accelerated and can be then implanted into the various\nmaterials. This contribution will present an overview and comparison of different ion beam modification techniques, plasma ion implantation will be also mentioned. Keywords: modification; materials; ion implantation Available at various institutes of the ASCR Ion beam modification of materials for optics, electronic and spintronics -ion implantation using accelerators or laser induced plasma ion generation

Ion beam modification offers a broad field of the creating the new functional materials and nano-structures for optics, electronics, spintronics and other material branches. Using ions produced by ion ...

Macková, Anna
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2016

Impact of cryogenic grinding on iodine homogeneity in NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet
Kameník, Jan; Kučera, Jan
2016 - Czech The reference material NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet has a certified iodine mass fraction of 0.759±0.103 mg kg-1. The expanded uncertainty is rather large (relative value 13.6 %), thus the material does not provide strict requirements for quality control results. Milling of NIST SRM 1548a at the temperature of liquid nitrogen yielded free-flowing material. Iodine mass fraction in the original and cryo-ground materials was determined by epithermal neutron activation analysis (ENAA) and radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA). The average and standard deviation from both methods was 0.73±0.03 mg kg-1 (20 values). The determined mass fraction was in a close agreement with the certified value of NIST SRM 1548a, thus iodine total content was not influenced by the milling procedure. In comparison to iodine mass fraction determined in the original NIST SRM 1548a 0.72±0.07 mg kg-1 (average ± standard deviation, 14 values), the standard deviation for cryo-ground material was considerably lower. The prepared quality control material sets up more stringent requirements on the validation and quality control procedures of the measurement of iodine mass fraction in such a composite food matrices. We believe that the iodine random inhomogeneity in the original NIST SRM 1548a is due to insufficient mixing of some iodine-rich component in the complex food matrices. Milling at the temperature of liquid nitrogen offers an effective option for production of future reference materials of this kind. The reference material NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet has a certified iodine mass fraction of 0.759±0.103 mg kg-1. The expanded uncertainty is rather large (relative value 13.6 %), thus the material does not provide strict requirements for quality control results. Milling of NIST SRM 1548a at the temperature of liquid nitrogen yielded free-flowing material. Iodine mass fraction in the original and cryo-ground materials was determined by epithermal neutron activation analysis (ENAA) and radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA). The average and standard deviation from both methods was 0.73±0.03 mg kg-1 (20 values). The determined mass fraction was in a close agreement with the certified value of NIST SRM 1548a, thus iodine total content was not influenced by the milling procedure. In comparison to iodine mass fraction determined in the original NIST SRM 1548a 0.72±0.07 mg kg-1 (average ± standard deviation, 14 values), the standard deviation for cryo-ground material was considerably lower. The prepared quality control material sets up more stringent requirements on the validation and quality control procedures of the measurement of iodine mass fraction in such a composite food matrices. We believe that the iodine random inhomogeneity in the original NIST SRM 1548a is due to insufficient mixing of some iodine-rich component in the complex food matrices. Milling at the temperature of liquid nitrogen offers an effective option for production of future reference materials of this kind. Keywords: SRM1548a Typical Diet; epithermal neutron activation analysis; radiochemical neutron activation analysis Available at various institutes of the ASCR Impact of cryogenic grinding on iodine homogeneity in NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet

The reference material NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet has a certified iodine mass fraction of 0.759±0.103 mg kg-1. The expanded uncertainty is rather large (relative value 13.6 %), thus the material does ...

Kameník, Jan; Kučera, Jan
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2016

Determination of reference values of element contents in certified reference material SWCNT-1 by INAA a PGAA
Kučera, Jan; Sturgeon, R. E.; Grinberg, P.; Oflaz, R.; Paul, R. L.; Bennett, J. W.; De Nadai Fernandes, E. A.; Kubešová, Marie; Bacchi, M. A.; Stopic, A. J.
2014 - Czech Instrumental neutron activation analysis with both relative and k-0 standardization was used in four experienced laboratories to determine element mass fractions in single-wall carbon nanotube certified reference material (CRM) SWCNT-1. Results obtained were evaluated using the NIST “Type B On Bias” approach and yielded consensus values in agreement with NRCC certified values for Fe, Co, Ni and Mo and provided mass fraction values for thirteen additional elements, namely Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Br, La, W and Au. In addition, prompt gamma neutron activation analysis was employed to determine mass fractions of H, B, Co, Ni, and Mo. Results of this work provide a basis for the establishment of reference values of element mass fractions in CRM SWCNT-1, thus expanding its usability for more accurate characterization and benchmarking of similar nanotechnology materials. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; neutron activation analysis Available at various institutes of the ASCR Determination of reference values of element contents in certified reference material SWCNT-1 by INAA a PGAA

Instrumental neutron activation analysis with both relative and k-0 standardization was used in four experienced laboratories to determine element mass fractions in single-wall carbon nanotube ...

Kučera, Jan; Sturgeon, R. E.; Grinberg, P.; Oflaz, R.; Paul, R. L.; Bennett, J. W.; De Nadai Fernandes, E. A.; Kubešová, Marie; Bacchi, M. A.; Stopic, A. J.
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2014

Zpráva o kalibraci přístroje TriCarb 3180 pro měření karbonátových forem 14C v exponovaných roztocích sorbentu
Světlík, Ivo; Tomášková, Lenka; Megisová, Natália; Wagnerová, Markéta; Ryska, František
2013 - Czech Keywords: LSC; radiocarbon; releases from nuclear power plants; stack air Available at various institutes of the ASCR Zpráva o kalibraci přístroje TriCarb 3180 pro měření karbonátových forem 14C v exponovaných roztocích sorbentu

Světlík, Ivo; Tomášková, Lenka; Megisová, Natália; Wagnerová, Markéta; Ryska, František
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2013

Nondestructive determination of nitrogen in biological and other materials by photon activation analysis
Krausová, Ivana; Mizera, Jiří; Chvátil, David; Krist, Pavel; Řanda, Zdeněk; Kučera, Jan; Štursa, Jan
2013 - Czech A procedure has been developed for assaying nitrogen in biological materials by means of instrumental photon activation analysis (IPAA). The determination has been based on counting of the non-specific 511 keV annihilation gamma rays of 13N, product of the photonuclear reaction 14N(γ, n)13N and a pure positron emitter. IPAA allowed determination of nitrogen down to 1 wt.%. in selected biological reference standards - NIST RM 8433 Corn Bran, 1547 Peach Leaves, 8414 Bovine Muscle, and 1577b Bovine Liver. The optimized procedure was applied also to assaying nitrogen in pulverized nanodiamond intended for medical purposes. Byl vyvinut postup instrumentální gama aktivační analýzy (IGAA) pro stanovení dusíku v biologických materiálech. Stanovení je založeno na měření nespecifického anihilačního záření gama o energii 511 keV emitovaného 13N, který je produktem fotojaderné reakce 14N(γ, n)13N a je čistým pozitronovým zářičem. Metoda IGAA umožnila stanovení dusíku pod úrovní 1 hmotnostního procenta ve vybraných biolgických referenčních materiálech - NIST RM 8433 Corn Bran, 1547 Peach Leaves, 8414 Bovine Muscle, and 1577b Bovine Liver. Optimalizovaný postup byl také použit pro stanovení dusíku v práškových nanodiamantech pro lékařské účely. Keywords: instumental photon activation analysis; nitrogen; biological materials; nanodiamond Available at various institutes of the ASCR Nondestructive determination of nitrogen in biological and other materials by photon activation analysis

A procedure has been developed for assaying nitrogen in biological materials by means of instrumental photon activation analysis (IPAA). The determination has been based on counting of the ...

Krausová, Ivana; Mizera, Jiří; Chvátil, David; Krist, Pavel; Řanda, Zdeněk; Kučera, Jan; Štursa, Jan
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2013

On possible parent crater for Australasian tektites: Geochemical, isotopic, geographic and ballistic constraints
Mizera, Jiří; Řanda, Zdeněk
2013 - Czech A set of Australasian tektites (AAT) has been geochemically characterized by methods of activation analysis. Based on the acquired data as well as previously published geochemical, mineralogical, petrographical and isotopic data on both AAT and their potential source materials, and considering geographic and ballistic constraints known from other tektites and their strewn fields, probable source materials and location of the parent impact crater for AAT have been discussed. Soubor australoasijských tektitů (AAT) byl geochemicky charakterizován metodami aktivační analýzy. Na základě získaných výsledků a dříve publikovaných geochemických, mineralogických, petrografických a izotopových dat pro AAT a jejich potencionální zdrojové materiály, spolu s uvážením geografických a balistických omezení známých pro jiné tektity a jejich pádová pole, jsou diskutovány pravděpodobné zdrojové materiály a lokalizace mateřského impaktového kráteru pro AAT. Keywords: Australasian tektites; impact; parent crater; activation analysis Available at various institutes of the ASCR On possible parent crater for Australasian tektites: Geochemical, isotopic, geographic and ballistic constraints

A set of Australasian tektites (AAT) has been geochemically characterized by methods of activation analysis. Based on the acquired data as well as previously published geochemical, mineralogical, ...

Mizera, Jiří; Řanda, Zdeněk
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2013

How to calculate uncertainties of neutron flux parameters and uncertainties of analysis results?
Kubešová, Marie; Kučera, Jan
2013 - Czech A novel method has been developed for the calculation of uncertainties of neutron flux parameters and element mass fractions and their uncertainties in k0-neutron activation analysis (k0-NAA) using the Kragten universally applicable spreadsheet technique. The results obtained are compared with other approaches for evaluation of uncertainties of the neutron flux parameters and element mass fractions, namely with the Kayzero for Windows, k0-IAEA and ERON programs. Byla vypracována nová metoda výpočtu nejistot parametrů neutronového toku, hmotnostních frakcí prvků a jejich nejistot v k0-neutronové aktivační analýze (k0-NAA) použitím Kragtenova univerzálního tabulkového procesoru. Získané výsledky jsou porovnány s jinými přístupy hodnocení nejistot parametrů neutronového toku a hmotnostních frakcí prvků obsaženými v programech Kayzero for Windows, k0-IAEA a ERON. Keywords: k0-neutron activation analysis; uncertainties of neturon flux parameters; Kragten spreadsheet technique Available at various institutes of the ASCR How to calculate uncertainties of neutron flux parameters and uncertainties of analysis results?

A novel method has been developed for the calculation of uncertainties of neutron flux parameters and element mass fractions and their uncertainties in k0-neutron activation analysis (k0-NAA) using ...

Kubešová, Marie; Kučera, Jan
Ústav jaderné fyziky, 2013