No (60)
Number of found documents:
60
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to
“Play What I Sing”: Economic Potential of the Bearers of Music Tradition in the Cultural Memory of the Czech Lands
Uhlíková, Lucie; Pavlicová, M.
2021 - English
The economic conditions of folk musicians or their remuneration have been mentioned rather inconsistently in sources and literature of the Czech lands. The participation of musicians in ceremonies, traditions and customs of the calendar, or family occasions was one of their natural activities in rural communities. There are relatively frequent references to paying for a song (which involved leading the singing) and playing according to a demonstrated song, which was widespread in the context of folk dances. Musicians played not only for money, but also for food, drink, or special benefits in kind. For itinerant musicians and singers, musical performances were a major source of their livelihood. Many outstanding rural musicians also earned a living by teaching various instruments. From the end of the 19th century, folk musicians and dancers found more occasions to present themselves to the public, which increased an interest in the financial issue of their production. With the coming of brass music bands and other novelty groups, older traditional rural music groups lost not only their cultural capital, but their economic capital as well. Gradually, however, the emerging folklore movement strengthened the position of folk musicians, including their financial rewards. The question of the remuneration of folk musicians has resonated in cultural memory, thus adding to the unbiased image of traditional folk culture.
Keywords:
folk music and dance; transforamtion of tradition; cultural capital; social capital
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
“Play What I Sing”: Economic Potential of the Bearers of Music Tradition in the Cultural Memory of the Czech Lands
The economic conditions of folk musicians or their remuneration have been mentioned rather inconsistently in sources and literature of the Czech lands. The participation of musicians in ceremonies, ...
European Forests. Our Cultural Heritage
Johann, E.; Kusmin, J.; Woitsch, Jiří
2021 - English
Proceedings of the international conference European Forests. Our Cultural Heritage (4-7 December 2018, St. Georgen am Längsee, Austria), brings both thematically and theoretically diverse mix of studies, which connects thinking about European forests as an important and hitherto neglected sphere of cultural resp. biocultural heritage.
Keywords:
cultural heritage; forest history; landscape history
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
European Forests. Our Cultural Heritage
Proceedings of the international conference European Forests. Our Cultural Heritage (4-7 December 2018, St. Georgen am Längsee, Austria), brings both thematically and theoretically diverse mix of ...
Formal or Informal? Folk Music, Folklore Revival and Music Education
Kratochvíl, Matěj
2018 - English
Traditional folk music in the Czech Republic was usually connected with an informal way of knowledge transfer from generation to generation. Personal contacts with experienced musicians played an important role in transmission of repertoire, style, and skills to younger ones. During the 20th century and especially in its second half, with the development of the revival movement, this system changed. While some of its aspects have remained, the transmission process was strongly influenced by a formalized and institutionalized system of public music education. Music education both in grammar schools and in the network of so called “Basic schools of arts” (Základní umělecké školy), where children learn music as a hobby, has had an impact on the way traditional music is taught today. These changes include the emphasis on different aspects of musicianship, drawing inspiration from other genres of music, and a different way of organizing ensembles including a higher representation of girls in them. In my text, I am presenting findings from my own experience as well as from interviews with musicians from several generations. I am trying to demonstrate how their particular experience with learning and teaching traditional folk music has informed their approach to the way they perform, listen to and think about music.
Keywords:
traditional music; music education; Czech Republic; improvisation; folk song collections
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Formal or Informal? Folk Music, Folklore Revival and Music Education
Traditional folk music in the Czech Republic was usually connected with an informal way of knowledge transfer from generation to generation. Personal contacts with experienced musicians played an ...
Theoretical Concepts in Ethnomusicology and Study of the Folklore Revival Movement: the Case of the Prague Ensemble Gaudeamus
Skořepová, Zita
2018 - English
This chapter discusses two theoretical concepts in ethnomusicology, their applicability to the study of the folklore movement and the potential of these concepts to widen research questions already posed, or to generate new questions. The methodology, based on oral history interviews, focuses on the individual perspective and refl ection of the participants’ activities in the past and present. How might then actors of the folklore movement be characterized as members of a specifi c cultural cohort based on their own narratives and answers to particular questions? The fi rst concept of cultural cohort comes from a book by the American ethnomusicologist Thomas Turino, Music as Social Life [2008]. Turino views different personal features, “habits”, as formative elements of a particular identity. People with similar confi gurations of these traits (thus similar identities) tend to join cultural cohorts and cultural formations. Another theoretical framework is provided by the concepts of superculture, subculture and interculture by Mark Slobin [2000]. On the one hand, the folklore movement offi cially acclaimed sources and inspirations from musical subcultures (urban people singing and dancing rural songs and dances), but, on the other hand, found its place at a supercultural music level. This concept can thus enrich our understanding of the dynamics between the superculture, subculture and interculture in the research of the folklore movement. Drawing on data concerning the Prague-based folklore ensemble Gaudeamus, the present paper outlines some preliminary fi ndings in accordance with these theoretical concepts.
Keywords:
ethnomusicology; folklore revival movement; Gaudeamus ensemble; Prague; cultural cohorts; musical superculture; musical interculture
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Theoretical Concepts in Ethnomusicology and Study of the Folklore Revival Movement: the Case of the Prague Ensemble Gaudeamus
This chapter discusses two theoretical concepts in ethnomusicology, their applicability to the study of the folklore movement and the potential of these concepts to widen research questions already ...
Radio Broadcasting as Role Model, Authority and Norm in Czech Musical Folklorism in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
Vejvoda, Zdeněk
2018 - English
The presentation of Czech folk music in concerts and on stage from the 1950s to the 1990s is characterized by unprecedented dynamics, especially marked in the changing style of interpretation, now very different from the technologically imperfect recordings of Czech folk music made in authentic settings in the early 20th century. Much was done to the arrangement of folk songs and instrumental melodies, by amateurs as well as musicians with a professional training, who, it is important to note, maintained contact with the folklore movement in general, unlike in the pre-WWII times. Of crucial importance has been radio broadcasting and the exquisite works of leading composers affiliated with professional radio orchestras. In Bohemia, these personalities included Zdeněk Bláha, Zdeněk Lukáš, Jan Málek, Vladimír Baier, Jaroslav Krček and Josef Krček, to name but a few. In 1953, the regional studio of the Czechoslovak Radio saw the establishment of the Plzeň Folk Ensemble, recruiting players from the radio symphonic orchestra. The style of play of its prominent instrumentalists and the style of singing of a number of its solo members has, till the present day, been considered a role model for the interpretation of regional folklore.
Keywords:
folk music; folklorism; folklore movement; radio broadcasting
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Radio Broadcasting as Role Model, Authority and Norm in Czech Musical Folklorism in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
The presentation of Czech folk music in concerts and on stage from the 1950s to the 1990s is characterized by unprecedented dynamics, especially marked in the changing style of interpretation, now ...
The Folklore Revival Movement in Former Czechoslovakia: Dichotomy of the Term
Stavělová, Daniela
2018 - English
In the Czech Lands, the folklore movement is used to refer to the existence of folklore ensembles and their stage production. Recently, however, the term has gained negative connotations as it is associated with the era of Communism, especially the ideological pressures of the 1950s. The reason for these negative associations is that folklore was performed as politically harmless entertainment preferred by the ideology of the day, thus, the folklore movement became representative of values associated with the ideology. The paradoxical, and less known, fact is that members of folklore ensembles often used this environment as a refuge that they could escape to from the grim reality of the political system and a meaningful way of realizing their alternative ideas that they were unable to realize in their professional life. The contribution explores this ambivalence through the memories of surviving actors of the folklore movement, therefore, the principal method used here is oral history, with the main focus on an individual human story – a little history in the context of big history.
Keywords:
folklore revival movement; folklorism; folk ensembles; oral history; narratives; Czech Republic
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The Folklore Revival Movement in Former Czechoslovakia: Dichotomy of the Term
In the Czech Lands, the folklore movement is used to refer to the existence of folklore ensembles and their stage production. Recently, however, the term has gained negative connotations as it is ...
Preface
Stavělová, Daniela; Buckland, Jill Theresa
2018 - English
The preface introduces into the topic of the edited volume that brought together ethnochoreologists, anthropologists of dance, ethnomusicologists, folk music scholars and educators, oral historians and anthropologists, some indeed combining these disciplinary fields. It explains the different statements and perspectives used in the collection by the authors investigating folklore revival movement and opens the door for further critical examination of the power of such cultural practices, their political salience, whether at national, institutional or individual levels, and their deep-seated impact on people who have encountered and evaluated folk revivalism in their lives.
Keywords:
revival; folklorism; oral history; self-reflexivity
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Preface
The preface introduces into the topic of the edited volume that brought together ethnochoreologists, anthropologists of dance, ethnomusicologists, folk music scholars and educators, oral historians ...
The Power of Tradition(?): Folk Revival Groups as Bearers of Folk Culture
Pavlicová, Martina
2018 - English
A growing interest in rural folk culture among the intelligentsia could be seen throughout Europe (and in the Czech Lands also) in the nineteenth century, often as a symbolic aim of finding a national identity. The turn of the twentieth century saw the demise of many archaic manifestations of folk culture in the everyday life, however also the beginning of their “second life”. The paper is opening questions about the role of folk revivals groups in this process.
Keywords:
Czech Lands; traditional folk culture; folklorism; folk revivalmovement; folk revival groups
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The Power of Tradition(?): Folk Revival Groups as Bearers of Folk Culture
A growing interest in rural folk culture among the intelligentsia could be seen throughout Europe (and in the Czech Lands also) in the nineteenth century, often as a symbolic aim of finding a national ...
Literature on the Folklore Revival Movement in the Czech Journal Taneční listy 1963: a Critical Analysis
Gremlicová, Dorota
2018 - English
This study examines texts published in the Czech journal Taneční listy which deal with the folklore dance and song revival movement after 1945. A detailed analysis is conducted of various texts from the 1963 volume, paying special attention to the dominant themes and typical patterns of thinking. Through the analysis, shifts in the conceptualization of the folk movement in Czechoslovakia in the early 1960s are addressed in connection with changes in the social, political and cultural contexts.
Keywords:
Folk dance; Taneční listy; choreography; Czechoslovakia; 1963
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Literature on the Folklore Revival Movement in the Czech Journal Taneční listy 1963: a Critical Analysis
This study examines texts published in the Czech journal Taneční listy which deal with the folklore dance and song revival movement after 1945. A detailed analysis is conducted of various texts from ...
Politically Committed Songs: A Distinctive Product of the Czech Folk Revival Movement of the 1950s
Uhlíková, Lucie
2018 - English
The beginning of Communist totalitarian era in then Czechoslovakia brought with it political declarations of a new historical epoch and a new worldview, one whose rise was to be facilitated, among other ways, by a retooling of culture. Folklore was misused more than other areas because the folk revival movement was transformed into a strong propaganda tool. ‘New folk art’ in the spirit of socialist realism demanded new songs that would reline traditional forms with contemporary content, oftentimes with political or propaganda undertones. As is clear in contemporaneous folklore research, these propaganda ‘folksongs’ were composed primarily by members of politically active folk ensembles. Despite this, these were creative individuals closely tied to the live tradition, and their composition took place within that framework.
Keywords:
folklore revival movement in the Czech Lands; totalitarianism; propaganda folk songs; political song; communist ideology
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Politically Committed Songs: A Distinctive Product of the Czech Folk Revival Movement of the 1950s
The beginning of Communist totalitarian era in then Czechoslovakia brought with it political declarations of a new historical epoch and a new worldview, one whose rise was to be facilitated, among ...
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