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PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE FE-NI PARTICLES PREPARED BY THERMAL REDUCTION OF OXALATE PRECURSORS
Švábenská, Eva; Roupcová, Pavla; Havlíček, Lubomír; Schneeweiss, Oldřich
2024 - English
Recent technological advancements require development of cost-effective and high-performance magnets \nwhich ideally do not contain rare earth metals or noble metals. The promising candidates are Fe-Ni-based \nalloys, in particular, the Fe50Ni50 L10 phase (tetrataenite), which has a great perspective for producing hard \nmagnetic materials. Our study explores a promising method for preparing nanoparticles of Fe-Ni alloy from an \niron-nickel oxalate precursor. The coprecipitation method was employed to prepare oxalate precursors, \nfollowed by controlled thermal decomposition in a reducing hydrogen atmosphere. The morphology and \nproperties of the resulting particles were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with \nenergy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS), and \nmagnetic measurements.\nThe SEM analysis revealed that the particles have approximately cube-shaped unit cell morphology with a\nsize in a range of 1 - 2 μm. Upon annealing, the samples contain multiple phases with varying Fe-Ni content.\nMagnetic measurements confirmed the formation of magnetically suitable Fe-Ni phases in the samples after \nannealing. Mössbauer spectroscopy emerged as a highly effective method for characterizing individual phases \nof the Fe-Ni system.
Keywords:
Magnetic materials; thermal decomposition; Mössbauer spectroscopy
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE FE-NI PARTICLES PREPARED BY THERMAL REDUCTION OF OXALATE PRECURSORS
Recent technological advancements require development of cost-effective and high-performance magnets \nwhich ideally do not contain rare earth metals or noble metals. The promising candidates are ...
Stanovení vlivu geometrie vzorku na rozvoj creepové deformace pomocí metody akustické emise
Dvořák, Jiří; Sklenička, Václav; Král, Petr; Kvapilová, Marie; Svobodová, M.; Šifner, J.; Koula, V.
2023 - Czech
Tato práce se zabývá stanovením vlivu geometrie tělesa na vývoj porušení v průběhu creepové expozice. Creepové testy byly provedeny při teplotě 600 °C a napětí 180 MPa v režimu ochranné atmosféry argonu. Pro zkušební testy byl zvoleny vzorky z oceli P92 s konvekčním hladkým povrchem a vzorky opatřené V-vrubem. Výsledky creepové odolnosti a lomového chování byly doplněny podrobnou mikrostrukturní charakterizací k posouzení iniciace a vývoje creepového poškození. Na základě naměřených výsledků byla creepová data vyhodnocena pomocí neuronových sítí, které systematicky vyhledávají a zpracovávají signál z akustické emise (AE). Akustická emise byla použita jako účinná nedestruktivní metoda pro včasnou predikci počátku možné havárie komponent energetických a chemických zařízení. This work deals with the determination of the influence of the sample geometry on the development of failure during creep exposure. Creep tests were carried out at temperature of 600 °C and a stress of 180 MPa in the protective atmosphere of argon. P92 steel samples with a conventional smooth surface and samples with a V-groove notch were chosen for the test tests. The results of creep resistance and fracture behaviour were complemented by detailed microstructural characterization to assess damage initiation and development. Based on the measured results, the creep data was evaluated using neural networks that systematically search for and process the signal from the acoustic emission (AE). Acoustic emission serves here as an effective non-destructive method for early prediction of the beginning of a possible accident of components of power and chemical plants.
Keywords:
creep specimen; creep deformation; acoustic emission
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Stanovení vlivu geometrie vzorku na rozvoj creepové deformace pomocí metody akustické emise
Tato práce se zabývá stanovením vlivu geometrie tělesa na vývoj porušení v průběhu creepové expozice. Creepové testy byly provedeny při teplotě 600 °C a napětí 180 MPa v režimu ochranné atmosféry ...
Creepové zkoušky zirkoniových povlakových tyčí jaderného paliva a jejich interpretace
Sklenička, Václav; Kuchařová, Květa; Kloc, Luboš; Dvořák, Jiří; Král, Petr; Kvapilová, Marie; Vrtílková, V.; Krejčí, J.
2023 - Czech
Časově závislá plastická deformace-creep je jedním z nejdůležitějších degradačních faktorů, určujících životnost zirkoniových slitin, určených k pokrytí jaderného paliva vodou chlazených reaktorů v jaderné energetice. Příspěvek je věnován creepovým zkouškám povlakových tyčí slitiny Zr1%Nb (modifikace slitiny E110) používaných v reaktorech typu VVER. Vedle standardní creepové zkoušky při konstantním tahovém napětí bude demonstrována nestandardní speciální creepová zkušební metoda umožňující měření velmi malých creepových deformací při napětích blížících se reálným podmínkám namáhání v reálné praxi. Time-dependent plastic deformation – creep is one of the most important degradation factors which govern the life of zirconium alloys used as fuel claddings materials in the light water reactor in nuclear power industry. This work aims to describe creep testing of Zr1%Nb (modified E110 alloy) cladding tubes used in the VVER-type reactor. In addition to a standard creep testing method under constant tensile test a nonstandard special creep testing method which has been developed to measure very small creep strains at stresses corresponding to the loading in real service.
Keywords:
creep testing; zirconium cladding alloys; degradation mechanisms
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Creepové zkoušky zirkoniových povlakových tyčí jaderného paliva a jejich interpretace
Časově závislá plastická deformace-creep je jedním z nejdůležitějších degradačních faktorů, určujících životnost zirkoniových slitin, určených k pokrytí jaderného paliva vodou chlazených reaktorů v ...
INFLUENCE OF THE DEPOSITION PARAMETERS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF HVOF SPRAYED WC-CRC-NI COATING
Vražina, Tomáš; Šulák, Ivo; Poloprudský, Jakub; Zábranský, K.; Gejdoš, P.; Hadraba, Hynek; Čelko, L.
2022 - English
This paper investigates the influence of thermal spray parameters of the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process on the properties of cermet coatings prepared from commercially available Amperit 551 WC-CrC-Ni powder. Three different processing parameters were applied to optimize the production process with the aim to achieve preeminent mechanical properties and fully dense material without microstructural defects. The deposition was carried out by a GLC5 gun. The velocity and temperature of powder particles in the spray stream were monitored by Accuraspray Tecnar diagnostic tool. The quality of deposited coatings was analyzed by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The chemical composition of the used powder and sprayed WC-CrC-Ni coating was determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy. It was found that the spray parameters have a negligible effect on the resulting microstructure and phase composition of the coating. However, the porosity and surface roughness were significantly affected by the variation in process parameters. To assess the basic mechanical properties of HVOF sprayed coating instrumented Vickers hardness measurements were utilized. The coating hardness reached mean values over 1400 HV 0.1 and the indentation modulus varied from 152-279 GPa.
Keywords:
hvof; microhardness; WC-CrC-Ni
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
INFLUENCE OF THE DEPOSITION PARAMETERS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF HVOF SPRAYED WC-CRC-NI COATING
This paper investigates the influence of thermal spray parameters of the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process on the properties of cermet coatings prepared from commercially available Amperit 551 ...
AB INITIO STUDY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES, GRAIN BOUNDARIES AND THEIR \nQUADRUPLE JUNCTIONS
Polsterová, S.; Všianská, Monika; Friák, Martin; Pizúrová, Naděžda; Sokovnin, S.; Šob, Mojmír
2022 - English
Motivated by our experimental research related to silver nanoparticles with various morphologies, we have employed quantum-mechanical calculations to provide our experiments with theoretical insight. We have computed properties of a 181-atom decahedral silver nanoparticle and two types of internal extended defects, -5(210) grain boundaries (GBs) and quadruple junctions (QJs) of these GBs. We have employed a supercell approach with periodic boundary conditions. Regarding the thermodynamic stability of the decahedral nanoparticle, its energy is higher than that of a defect-free face-centered cubic (fcc) Ag by 0.34 eV/atom. As far as the -5(210) GB is concerned, its energy amounts to 0.7 J/m2 and we predict that the studied GBs would locally expand the volume of the lattice. Importantly, the system with GBs is found rather close to the limit of mechanical stability. In particular, the computed value of the shear-related elastic constant C66 is as low as 9.4 GPa with the zero/negative value representing a mechanically unstable system. We thus predict that the -5(210) GBs may be prone to failure due to specific shearing deformation modes. The studied GBs have also the value of Poisson’s ratio for some loading directions close to zero. Next, we compare our results related solely to -5(210) GBs with those of a system where multiple intersecting -5(210) GBs form a network of quadruple junctions. The value of the critical elastic constant C66 is higher in this case, 13 GPa, and the mechanical stability is, therefore, better in the system with QJs.
Keywords:
Elasticity; Grain boundaries; Junctions; Nanoparticles
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
AB INITIO STUDY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES, GRAIN BOUNDARIES AND THEIR \nQUADRUPLE JUNCTIONS
Motivated by our experimental research related to silver nanoparticles with various morphologies, we have employed quantum-mechanical calculations to provide our experiments with theoretical insight. ...
Advanced statistical evaluation of fatigue data obtained during the measurement of concrete mixtures with various water-cement ratio
Seitl, Stanislav; Benešová, A.; Blasón, S.; Miarka, Petr; Klusák, Jan; Bílek, V.
2022 - English
The Basquin’s law is usually applied for the evaluation of fatigue properties of civil engineering \nmaterials. For materials like concrete, some researchers recommended applying the Weibull model. In this\ncontribution, Basquin’s law, Castillo-Canteli model and Kohout-Věchet model were applied for the advanced \nstatistical description of S−N curves (Wöhler curve). For the application of the models, the experimental data \nmeasured on reference concrete mixtures used for the development of self-healing concrete at the Faculty of \nCivil Engineering, TU Ostrava. Fitting data of applied models were compared and analyzed
Keywords:
Concrete, fatigue; fatigue; S-N curve; Kohout-Věchet model; Castillo-Canteli model; Basquin model
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Advanced statistical evaluation of fatigue data obtained during the measurement of concrete mixtures with various water-cement ratio
The Basquin’s law is usually applied for the evaluation of fatigue properties of civil engineering \nmaterials. For materials like concrete, some researchers recommended applying the Weibull model. In ...
Structural and magnetic properties of Fe-oxide layers prepared by inkjet printing on Si-substrate
Zažímal, František; Svoboda, T.; Dzik, P.; Homola, T.; Jirásková, Yvonna
2021 - English
Magnetic films with two, four, six, and eight layers were prepared using 2D inkjet printing on the 333 K heated Si-substrates at ambient conditions. The microstructure, phase composition of layers, and magnetic studies were investigated using wide spectrum of experimental methods with the aim to find the optimal conditions for producing magnetic sensors by digital printing technology in the near future. As the magnetic compound, the hematite powder was chosen and its milling with Si-binder dissolved in dowanol using glass balls and vial to prevent contamination was done to prepared suspension appropriate for printing. It is shown that hematite transformed markedly into maghemite, thus the layers consisted of small amount hematite and dominant maghemite phases determining the magnetic properties. From the viewpoint of magnetic behavior, the highest saturation magnetization and the lowest coercivity was obtained at the sample with 8 layers.
Keywords:
Inkjet printing; hematite; physical properties; testing methods
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Structural and magnetic properties of Fe-oxide layers prepared by inkjet printing on Si-substrate
Magnetic films with two, four, six, and eight layers were prepared using 2D inkjet printing on the 333 K heated Si-substrates at ambient conditions. The microstructure, phase composition of layers, ...
Influence of severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing on creep behaviour of martensitic 9% Cr steel
Král, Petr; Dvořák, Jiří; Sklenička, Václav; Horita, Z.; Tokizawa, Y.; Tang, Y.; Kunčická, Lenka; Kuchařová, Květa; Kvapilová, Marie; Svobodová, M.
2021 - English
The objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) and annealing on creep behaviour of advanced tungsten modified creep-resistant 9 % Cr martensitic P92 steel. The as-received P92 steel was deformed by high-pressure torsion (HTP), high-pressure sliding (HPS) and rotary swaging (RS) at room temperature prior creep testing. These SPD methods imposed significantly different equivalent plastic strain in the range from 1 up to 20. Constant load creep tests in tension were performed in an argon atmosphere at 873 K and applied stress ranging from 50 to 200 MPa. The microstructure and phase composition of P92 steel were studied using a scanning electron microscope Tescan Lyra 3 and a transmission electron microscope Jeol 2100F. The results show that under the same creep loading conditions the HPT and HPS-processed P92 steel exhibited significantly faster minimum creep rates, creep fracture strain and the decrease in the value of the stress exponent of the creep rate in comparison with as-received P92 steel. However, it was revealed that the RS-processed specimens exhibited one order of magnitude lower minimum creep rate and lower ductility compared to commercial P92 steel. The creep curves for the HPT and HPS-processed states exhibited a pronounced minimum of strain rate. The pronounced minimum of strain rate disappeared when these states were annealed at 923K/500h before application of creep loading. The microstructure changes occurring during creep and different creep behaviour between as-received and deformed states are discussed.
Keywords:
Creep-resistant 9 %Cr steels; severe plastic deformation; creep; microstructure
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Influence of severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing on creep behaviour of martensitic 9% Cr steel
The objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) and annealing on creep behaviour of advanced tungsten modified creep-resistant 9 % Cr martensitic P92 steel. ...
Snímání akustických emisí při zkoušce tečením (creepem) v ochranné atmosféře
Dvořák, Jiří; Svobodová, M.; Sklenička, Václav
2020 - Czech
Cílem vypracované metodiky snímání akustických emisí 'in-situ' v průběhu creepové zkoušky v ochranné atmosféře byla minimalizace či odstranění šumů na záznamech akustické emise způsobených synergicky působícími oxidačními procesy, které mohou kriticky ovlivňovat identifikaci a intenzitu působících vlastních creepových degradačních procesů a relevantní vyhodnocení naměřených dat. The objective of the developed methodology for sensing 'in-situ' acoustic emissions during a creep test in a modified atmosphere was to minimise or eliminate noise on acoustic emission records caused by synergistic acting oxidation processes that may critically influence the identification and intensity of the acting own creep degradation processes and the relevant evaluation of the measured data.
Keywords:
acoustic emission; creep mechanical properties testing; protective atmosphere testing
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Snímání akustických emisí při zkoušce tečením (creepem) v ochranné atmosféře
Cílem vypracované metodiky snímání akustických emisí 'in-situ' v průběhu creepové zkoušky v ochranné atmosféře byla minimalizace či odstranění šumů na záznamech akustické emise způsobených synergicky ...
MULTI-PARAMETER MTS AND SED CRITERION APPLIED ON A CRACK IN AN ALKALI-ACTIVATED CONCRETE SPECIMEN UNDER MIXED-MODE LOADING
Malíková, Lucie; Miarka, Petr; Simonová, H.
2020 - English
The paper is devoted to an analysis of a crack propagation in a semi-circular concrete specimen under three-point bending. I+II mixed-mode loading is ensured via an inclined crack. Crack deflection angle is investigated by means of the generalized/multi-parameter form of the Maximum Tangential Stress (MTS) criterion and Strain Energy Density (SED) criterion as well as experimentally. The multi-parameter fracture mechanics concept applied in this work is based on the approximation of the crack-tip stress field by means of the Williams series expansion (WE). It has been proved that this approach can help to describe crack behavior in some kinds of materials better than the classical (one-parameter: stress intensity factor) fracture mechanics. This conclusion is discussed also in this paper.
Keywords:
t-stress; fracture; field; Multi-parameter fracture mechanics; Alkali-activated concrete; Mixed-mode loading; mts; sed
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
MULTI-PARAMETER MTS AND SED CRITERION APPLIED ON A CRACK IN AN ALKALI-ACTIVATED CONCRETE SPECIMEN UNDER MIXED-MODE LOADING
The paper is devoted to an analysis of a crack propagation in a semi-circular concrete specimen under three-point bending. I+II mixed-mode loading is ensured via an inclined crack. Crack deflection ...
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