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Effects of hydropeaking on the attached eggs of a rheophilic cyprinid species
BARTOŇ, Daniel
2023 - English
Ability of eggs of asp (Leuciscus aspius) to survive an increased water velocity was tested in experimental condition as well as in situ. Hydropeaking occurs on the study site and can cause detachment of most spawned eggs.
Keywords:
fish reproduction; Leuciscus aspius; wildlife conservation; river ecology; habitat alternation
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Effects of hydropeaking on the attached eggs of a rheophilic cyprinid species
Ability of eggs of asp (Leuciscus aspius) to survive an increased water velocity was tested in experimental condition as well as in situ. Hydropeaking occurs on the study site and can cause detachment ...
Prevalence střevního prvoka Dientamoeba fragilis ve zdravé populaci lidí a zvířat v České republice
KAŠPAROVÁ, Andrea
2023 - English
Dientamoeba fragilis je kosmopolitně rozšířený střevní prvok, přičemž prevalence závisí na studované kohortě lidí a použitých diagnostických metodách. Jeho role v lidském zdraví zůstává nejasná především kvůli velmi malému počtu studií zaměřených na populaci, která netrpí zažívacími obtížemi. Hlavním cílem této studie bylo rozšířit znalosti o epidemiologii prvoka D. fragilis u zdravých lidí a jejich zvířat v České republice. Dientamoeba fragilis is a cosmopolitan intestinal protist colonizing the human gut with varying prevalence depending on the cohort studied and the diagnostic methods used. Its role in human health remains unclear mainly due to the very sporadic number of cross-sectional studies in gut-healthy populations. The main objective of this study was to expand knowledge of the epidemiology of D. fragilis in gut-healthy humans and their animals in the Czech republic.
Keywords:
dientamoeba fragilis; prvok; prevalence; zdraví dobrovolníci; genotyp; domácí zvířata; molekulární metody
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Prevalence střevního prvoka Dientamoeba fragilis ve zdravé populaci lidí a zvířat v České republice
Dientamoeba fragilis je kosmopolitně rozšířený střevní prvok, přičemž prevalence závisí na studované kohortě lidí a použitých diagnostických metodách. Jeho role v lidském zdraví zůstává nejasná ...
Experimental Infection of Mice and Ticks with the Human Isolate of Anaplasma phagocytophilum NY-18
KALINOVÁ, Eliška
2023 - English
Anaplasma phagocytophilum je významný patogen přenášený klíšťaty, který kolonizuje granulocytární buňky obratlovců. Vyskytuje se v Severní Americe a v několika evropských zemích. Způsobuje závažná onemocnění domácích zvířat a potenciálně smrtelné onemocnění lidí zvané lidská granulocytární anaplazmóza (HGA). Vzhledem k rostoucí prevalenci A. phagocytophilum je nutné zavedení zvířecích modelů. Tato studie se zabývá přenosem kmene bakterie A. phagocytophilum NY-18 dvěma druhy klíšťat (Ixodes ricinus a Ixodes scapularis) a zavádí laboratorní model přenosu A. phagocytophilum klíštětem I. ricinus u myší. Práce dále porovnává oba přenosy i dynamiku infekce. Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a significant tick-borne pathogen that colonizes granulocytic cells in vertebrate hosts. It is found in North America and in several European countries. It causes severe diseases in domestic animals and potentially fatal disease in humans called human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). The implementation of animal models is necessary due to the increasing prevalence of A. phagocytophilum. This study addresses the transmission of the human isolate of the bacterium A. phagocytophilum NY-18 by two tick species (Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes scapularis) and implements a laboratory model for the transmission of A. phagocytophilum by the tick I. ricinus in mice. The thesis also compares both transmissions and infection dynamics.
Keywords:
laboratorní model; klíště; Ixodes ricinus; Ixodes scapularis; anaplazmóza; myši; HGA
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Experimental Infection of Mice and Ticks with the Human Isolate of Anaplasma phagocytophilum NY-18
Anaplasma phagocytophilum je významný patogen přenášený klíšťaty, který kolonizuje granulocytární buňky obratlovců. Vyskytuje se v Severní Americe a v několika evropských zemích. Způsobuje závažná ...
Srovnání koncentrace Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotypů I a III v zánětlivých ložiscích za experimentálních podmínek
TINAVSKÁ, Jana
2023 - English
V této studii jsme porovnávali koncentraci dvou genotypů (I a III) parazita Encephalitozoon cuniculi v experimentálně vyvolaných zánětlivých ložiscích v kontrolovaném experimentálním prostředí. Výsledky této studie mohou přispět k pochopení šíření parazita v těle hostitele a pomoci při vývoji cílené léčby. In this study we compared the concentration levels of two genotypes (I and III) of the parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi in experimentally induced inflammation foci in a controlled experimental setting. The results of this study may provide insights into the understanding of the parasite's spreading within host body and help in the development of targeted treatments.
Keywords:
Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotyp I; Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotyp III; zánět; cílená migrace
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Srovnání koncentrace Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotypů I a III v zánětlivých ložiscích za experimentálních podmínek
V této studii jsme porovnávali koncentraci dvou genotypů (I a III) parazita Encephalitozoon cuniculi v experimentálně vyvolaných zánětlivých ložiscích v kontrolovaném experimentálním prostředí. ...
The Rufous Sengi is not Elephantulus Multilocus reconstruction of evolutionary history of sengis from the subfamily Macroscelidinae
KRÁSOVÁ, Jarmila
2022 - English
We conducted multilocus phylogeny and divergence dating of sengis also known as elephant shrews from the subfamily Macroscelidinae. For the first time, we provided genetic evidence that the East African Rufous Sengi (Elephantulus rufescens) is closely related to the recently delimited genus Galegeeska known from the Horn of Africa and comprising a single species G. revolii. Our findings are in concordance with morphological traits and also biogeographical patterns known from Eastern Africa. Based on the results of divergence dating, the genus Galegeeska originated in the Pleistocene era.
Keywords:
sengis; elephants shrews; taxonomy; phylogeny; Eastern Africa; Galegeeska
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
The Rufous Sengi is not Elephantulus Multilocus reconstruction of evolutionary history of sengis from the subfamily Macroscelidinae
We conducted multilocus phylogeny and divergence dating of sengis also known as elephant shrews from the subfamily Macroscelidinae. For the first time, we provided genetic evidence that the East ...
Association between louse abundance and MHC II supertypes in Galápagos mockingbirds
VLČEK, Jakub
2022 - English
In this thesis I describe association between abundance of ectoparasitic lice and supertypes of major histocompatibility complex in mockingbirds of Galápagos islands. I report a significant association between several supertypes and the lice abundance. Lice abundance was correlated also with heterocyte to lymphocyte ratio, an immunogenetic index reflecting rate of immune stress. This scientific contribution is valuable, because ectoparasite abundance in birds was rarely contrasted to MHC and other immune indices. In this thesis I describe association between abundance of ectoparasitic lice and supertypes of major histocompatibility complex in mockingbirds of Galápagos islands. I report a significant association between several supertypes and the lice abundance. Lice abundance was correlated also with heterocyte to lymphocyte ratio, an immunogenetic index reflecting rate of immune stress. This scientific contribution is valuable, because ectoparasite abundance in birds was rarely contrasted to MHC and other immune indices.
Keywords:
ectoparasite; immunity; genes; major histocompatibility complex
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Association between louse abundance and MHC II supertypes in Galápagos mockingbirds
In this thesis I describe association between abundance of ectoparasitic lice and supertypes of major histocompatibility complex in mockingbirds of Galápagos islands. I report a significant ...
Orthohantaviruses in the reservoir and atypical hosts in the Czech Republic: spillover infection and indication of virus-specific tissue tropism
KAMIŠ, Jan
2022 - English
Aim of this study was to reveal the presence of hantaviruses in natural reservoir rodent hosts in selected urban areas in the Czech Republic. Hantavirus rodent hosts were trapped, sampled and tested for hantavirus RNA in different tissues. Universal and specific primers for amplification of the large and medium fragments of hantavirus genomic RNA were used. Phylogenetic relationships were based on the obtained nucleotide sequences. Four different hantaviruses were detected, including two species pathogenic (or potentially pathogenic) for humans, further suggesting a threat for public health. Moreover, inter-family spillover infections and hantavirus species-associated tissue tropism were recorded in rodent hosts.
Keywords:
Kurkino virus; Tula virus; Seewis virus; Asikkala virus; spillover infection; phylogeny; host specificity; tissue specificity; hantavirus
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Orthohantaviruses in the reservoir and atypical hosts in the Czech Republic: spillover infection and indication of virus-specific tissue tropism
Aim of this study was to reveal the presence of hantaviruses in natural reservoir rodent hosts in selected urban areas in the Czech Republic. Hantavirus rodent hosts were trapped, sampled and tested ...
Current view on phylogeny within the genus Flabellula Schaeffer, 1926 (Amoebozoa: Leptomyxida)
LISNEROVÁ, Martina
2022 - English
The present study deals with the molecular phylogeny of the genus Flabellula Schaeffer, 1926 that has been updated by determining SSU rRNA and actin gene sequences of 19 new strains. The descriptions of two novel species, F. schaefferi n. sp. and F. sawyeri n. sp., are provided based on the congruence of morphological data with SSU rRNA and actin gene sequence phylogenies, in-silico secondary structure prediction of the V2 region in the SSU rRNA, and by recognition of species-specific sequential motifs within this region.
Keywords:
Flabellula; Flabellulidae; amoeba
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Current view on phylogeny within the genus Flabellula Schaeffer, 1926 (Amoebozoa: Leptomyxida)
The present study deals with the molecular phylogeny of the genus Flabellula Schaeffer, 1926 that has been updated by determining SSU rRNA and actin gene sequences of 19 new strains. The descriptions ...
Comparison of molecular diagnostic approaches for the detection and differentiation of the intestinal protist Blastocystis sp. in humans
ŠLOUFOVÁ, Martina
2022 - English
Blastocystis sp. je v současné době nejrozšířenějším střevním prvokem na světě. Přesná diagnostika a určení jednotlivých subtypů je zásadní pro pochopení epidemiologie Blastocystis sp. jeho a role v lidském zdraví. V této práci byla porovnána citlivost konvenční PCR (cPCR) a qPCR v souboru 288 vzorků DNA získaných ze vzorků lidské stolice. Dále byla posuzována diverzita subtypů na základě dle Next-generation sekvenování (NGS) a Sangerova sekvenování. Blastocystis is the most commonly found intestinal protist in the world. Accurate detection and differentiation of Blastocystis including its subtypes (arguably species) is essential for understanding its epidemiology and role in human health. We compared the sensitivity of conventional PCR (cPCR) and qPCR in a set of 288 DNA samples obtained from stool samples of gut-healthy individuals and subtype diversity as detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) versus Sanger sequencing.
Keywords:
Blastocystis; konvenční PCR; qPCR; senzitivita; kvantifikace; NGS
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Comparison of molecular diagnostic approaches for the detection and differentiation of the intestinal protist Blastocystis sp. in humans
Blastocystis sp. je v současné době nejrozšířenějším střevním prvokem na světě. Přesná diagnostika a určení jednotlivých subtypů je zásadní pro pochopení epidemiologie Blastocystis sp. jeho a role v ...
Evolutionary Analysis of Cystatins of Early-Emerging Metazoans Reveals a Novel Subtype in Parasitic Cnidarians
KYSLÍK, Jiří
2022 - English
The evolutionary aspects of cystatins are greatly underexplored in early-emerging metazoans. Thus, we surveyed the gene organization, protein architecture, and phylogeny of cystatin homologues mined from 110 genomes and the transcriptomes of 58 basal metazoan species, encompassing free-living and parasite taxa of Porifera, Placozoa, Cnidaria (including Myxozoa), and Ctenophora. We found that the cystatin gene repertoire significantly differs among phyla, with stefins present in most of the investigated lineages but with type 2 cystatins missing in several basal metazoan groups. Similar to liver and intestinal flukes, myxozoan parasites possess atypical stefins with chimeric structure that combine motifs of classical stefins and type 2 cystatins. Other early metazoan taxa regardless of lifestyle have only the classical representation of cystatins and lack multi-domain ones. Our comprehensive phylogenetic analyses revealed that stefins and type 2 cystatins clustered into taxonomically defined clades with multiple independent paralogous groups, which probably arose due to gene duplications. The stefin clade split between the subclades of classical stefins and the atypical stefins of myxozoans and flukes. Atypical stefins represent key evolutionary innovations of the two parasite groups for which their origin might have been linked with ancestral gene chimerization, obligate parasitism, life cycle complexity, genome reduction, and host immunity.
Keywords:
cystatins; Myxozoa; stefins; evolution; Metazoa
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Evolutionary Analysis of Cystatins of Early-Emerging Metazoans Reveals a Novel Subtype in Parasitic Cnidarians
The evolutionary aspects of cystatins are greatly underexplored in early-emerging metazoans. Thus, we surveyed the gene organization, protein architecture, and phylogeny of cystatin homologues mined ...
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