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Number of found documents: 2363
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Structural mapping of exploration geotechnical boreholes walls within 2nd phase – Decline
Waclawik, Petr; Schuchová, Kristýna; Kukutsch, Radovan; Georgiou, Lucie
2022 - English
Structural-geological analysis, i.e. fracturing assessment of the walls of geotechnical boreholes (CIS38 and CIS39) within the projected Decline in lithium exploratory area was carried out on the basis of optical (OPTV) and acoustic televiewer (HiRAT) records evaluation. HiRAT and OPTV probes are part of the Robertson Geologging logging equipment. The apparatus has an electric winch with a four core logging cable, which transmits the data recorded by the probes via a data logger to a computer. The spatial data obtained from interpretation of the geotechnical boreholes records were structurally analysed. The submitted research report comprehensively summarises the findings obtained from the structural mapping of geotechnical boreholes. On the basis measured data the rock mass quality evaluation of boreholes walls were additionally done. The complex data have been allowed very precise analysis of rock mass structural conditions, which are necessary for design of opening mine working. Keywords: geotechnical boreholes; structural mapping; geotechnics Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
Structural mapping of exploration geotechnical boreholes walls within 2nd phase – Decline

Structural-geological analysis, i.e. fracturing assessment of the walls of geotechnical boreholes (CIS38 and CIS39) within the projected Decline in lithium exploratory area was carried out on the ...

Waclawik, Petr; Schuchová, Kristýna; Kukutsch, Radovan; Georgiou, Lucie
Ústav geoniky, 2022

Spatio-Spectral EEG Patterns in the Source-Reconstructed Space and Relation to Resting-State Networks: An EEG-fMRI Study
Jiříček, Stanislav; Koudelka, V.; Mantini, D.; Mareček, R.; Hlinka, Jaroslav
2022 - English
In this work, we present and evaluate a novel EEG-fMRI integration approach combining a spatio-spectral decomposition method and a reliable source localization technique. On the large 72 subjects resting- state hdEEG-fMRI data set we tested the stability of the proposed method in terms of both extracted spatio-spectral patterns(SSPs) as well as their correspondence to the BOLD signal. We also compared the proposed method with the spatio-spectral decomposition in the electrode space as well as well-known occipital alpha correlate in terms of the explained variance of BOLD signal. We showed that the proposed method is stable in terms of extracted patterns and where they correlate with the BOLD signal. Furthermore, we show that the proposed method explains a very similar level of the BOLD signal with the other methods and that the BOLD signal in areas of typical BOLD functional networks is explained significantly more than by a chance. Nevertheless, we didn’t observe a significant relation between our source-space SSPs and the BOLD ICs when spatio-temporally comparing them. Finally, we report several the most stable source space EEG-fMRI patterns together with their interpretation and comparison to the electrode space patterns. Keywords: EEG-fMRI Integration; EEG-informed fMRI; Spatio-spectral Decomposition; Electrical Source Imaging; Independent Component Analysis; Resting State Networks Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Spatio-Spectral EEG Patterns in the Source-Reconstructed Space and Relation to Resting-State Networks: An EEG-fMRI Study

In this work, we present and evaluate a novel EEG-fMRI integration approach combining a spatio-spectral decomposition method and a reliable source localization technique. On the large 72 subjects ...

Jiříček, Stanislav; Koudelka, V.; Mantini, D.; Mareček, R.; Hlinka, Jaroslav
Ústav informatiky, 2022

Naked exclusion with heterogeneous buyers
Chen, Y.; Zápal, Jan
2022 - English
We investigate the effects of buyer heterogeneity in a market in which an incumbent firm prevents entry when it signs enough exclusionary contracts with buyers. With heterogeneous buyers several well-known results in exclusionary contracting with homogenous buyers are overturned and novel ones emerge. First, inefficient equilibria exist in which exclusionary contracts are signed but entry still occurs, and the loss of consumer surplus falls on small buyers. Second, sequential contracting may be more pro-competitive than simultaneous contracting in the sense that entry occurs under sequential but not simultaneous contracting. When this happens, sequential Pareto dominates simultaneous contracting. Keywords: contracting with externalities; exclusionary contracts; buyer heterogeneity Fulltext is available at external website.
Naked exclusion with heterogeneous buyers

We investigate the effects of buyer heterogeneity in a market in which an incumbent firm prevents entry when it signs enough exclusionary contracts with buyers. With heterogeneous buyers several ...

Chen, Y.; Zápal, Jan
Národohospodářský ústav, 2022

Final Report of the Centre of Excellence for Nonlinear Dynamic Behaviour of Advanced Materials in Engineering
Parma, Slavomír; Gabriel, Dušan
2022 - English
This final report presents the CeNDYNMAT Center of Excellence, which was established at the Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences in 2016 and ended in 2022. The report summarizes the most important scientific results of the center. It also gives an overview of the main outcomes and developments of the project, including budgeting, purchasing instrumentation, international cooperation and organization of conferences and summer courses. Keywords: nonlinear dynamic behavior; advanced materials; metal plasticity Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Final Report of the Centre of Excellence for Nonlinear Dynamic Behaviour of Advanced Materials in Engineering

This final report presents the CeNDYNMAT Center of Excellence, which was established at the Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences in 2016 and ended in 2022. The report ...

Parma, Slavomír; Gabriel, Dušan
Ústav termomechaniky, 2022

Diffusion Kalman filtering under unknown process and measurement noise covariance matrices
Vlk, T.; Dedecius, Kamil
2022 - English
The state-of-the-art algorithms for Kalman filtering in agent networks with information diffusion impose the requirement of well-defined state-space models. In particular, they assume that both the process and measurement noise covariance matrices are known and properly set. This is a relatively strong assumption in the signal processing domain. By design, the Kalman filters are rather sensitive to its violation, which may potentially lead to their divergence. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed filtering algorithm with increased robustness under unknown process and measurement noise covariance matrices. It is formulated as a Bayesian variational message passing procedure for simultaneous analytically tractable inference of states and measurement noise covariance matrices. Keywords: Collaborative estimation; State estimation; Variational Bayesian methods Fulltext is available at external website.
Diffusion Kalman filtering under unknown process and measurement noise covariance matrices

The state-of-the-art algorithms for Kalman filtering in agent networks with information diffusion impose the requirement of well-defined state-space models. In particular, they assume that both the ...

Vlk, T.; Dedecius, Kamil
Ústav teorie informace a automatizace, 2022

Who divorces whom: unilateral divorce legislation and the educational structure of marriage
Afunts, Geghetsik; Jurajda, Štěpán
2022 - English
There is evidence that the introduction of unilateral divorce legislation (UDL) starting in the late 1960s increased US divorce rates. We ask whether making divorce easier affected the educational structure of marriage. Based on marriage and divorce certificate data covering 1970-1988, we provide new evidence on the evolution of the educational structure of marriage inflows (newlyweds) and outflows (divorces), and estimate UDL difference-in-differences effects on both flows. While UDL did not contribute to rising homogamy (the tendency towards married partners having the same level of education), it did affect the educational structure of marriage: it made generally unstable hypogamous couples (women marrying less educated partners) less likely to divorce, and it made homogamous couples more stable than hypergamous ones (women marrying more educated partners). Keywords: homogamy; unilateral divorce; marriage Fulltext is available at external website.
Who divorces whom: unilateral divorce legislation and the educational structure of marriage

There is evidence that the introduction of unilateral divorce legislation (UDL) starting in the late 1960s increased US divorce rates. We ask whether making divorce easier affected the educational ...

Afunts, Geghetsik; Jurajda, Štěpán
Národohospodářský ústav, 2022

Inflation inequality in the Czech Republic
Adunts, Davit; Kurylo, Bohdana; Špeciánová, J.
2022 - English
This project employs Czech Household Budget Survey and Consumer Price Index data to create consumer price indices for various population subgroups in the Czech Republic. We find that subgroup-specific inflation rates are very similar to the inflation rate for all the non-elderly population, with the exception of single-parent households, which experienced a higher inflation rate in 2022 than did the other subgroups. However, the difference was reasonably modest. Importantly, we found that inflation issuing from housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels is significantly higher for low-income and single-parent households than for high-income and two-parent households. The difference is particularly significant for single-parent households, for which inflation due to increases in housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuel costs represents 40.15 percent of their overall inflation burden compared to 28.44 percent for two-parent households. This finding suggests that the recent increases in electricity and gas prices may exert particularly harmful effects on single-parent households unless the government provides the support necessary to mitigate the adverse effects of rising prices. While all households are being affected by rising living costs, single-parent and low-income households should be prioritized in terms of support. In addition, we calculated that for low-income and single-parent households, the total loss of purchasing power due to inflation amounts to CZK 15,179 and CZK 20,445, respectively. Keywords: inflation; households; Czech Republic Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Inflation inequality in the Czech Republic

This project employs Czech Household Budget Survey and Consumer Price Index data to create consumer price indices for various population subgroups in the Czech Republic. We find that subgroup-specific ...

Adunts, Davit; Kurylo, Bohdana; Špeciánová, J.
Národohospodářský ústav, 2022

Recursive mixture estimation with univariate multimodal Poisson variable
Uglickich, Evženie; Nagy, Ivan
2022 - English
Analysis of count variables described by the Poisson distribution is required in many application fields. Examples of the count variables observed per a time unit can be, e.g., number of customers, passengers, road accidents, Internet traffic packet arrivals, bankruptcies, virus attacks, etc. If the behavior of such a variable exhibits a multimodal character, the problem of clustering and classification of incoming count data arises. This issue can touch, for instance, detecting clusters of the different behavior of drivers in traffic flow analysis as well as cyclists or pedestrians. This work focuses on the model-based clustering of Poisson-distributed count data with the help of the recursive Bayesian estimation of the mixture of Poisson components. The aim of the work is to explain the methodology in details with an illustrative simple example, so that the work is limited to the univariate case and static pointer. Keywords: recursive mixture estimation; mixture of Poisson distributions; clustering and classification Fulltext is available at external website.
Recursive mixture estimation with univariate multimodal Poisson variable

Analysis of count variables described by the Poisson distribution is required in many application fields. Examples of the count variables observed per a time unit can be, e.g., number of customers, ...

Uglickich, Evženie; Nagy, Ivan
Ústav teorie informace a automatizace, 2022

Inattentive price discovery in ETFs
Kosar, Mariia; Mikhalishchev, Sergei
2022 - English
This paper studies the information choice of exchange-traded funds (ETF) investors, and its impact on the price efficiency of underlying stocks. First, we show that the learning of stock-specific information can occur at the ETF level. Our results suggest that ETF investors respond endogenously to changes in the fundamental value of underlying stocks, in line with the rational inattention theory. Second, we provide evidence that ETFs facilitate propagation of idiosyncratic shocks across its constituents. Keywords: exchange-traded fund; ETF; price efficiency Fulltext is available at external website.
Inattentive price discovery in ETFs

This paper studies the information choice of exchange-traded funds (ETF) investors, and its impact on the price efficiency of underlying stocks. First, we show that the learning of stock-specific ...

Kosar, Mariia; Mikhalishchev, Sergei
Národohospodářský ústav, 2022

Optimally biased expertise
Ilinov, Pavel; Matveenko, A.; Senkov, Maxim; Starkov, E.
2022 - English
This paper shows that the principal can strictly benefit from delegating a decision to an agent whose opinion differs from that of the principal. We consider a “delegated expertise” problem in which the agent has an advantage in information acquisition relative to the principal, as opposed to having preexisting private information. When the principal is ex ante predisposed towards some action, it is optimal for her to hire an agent who is predisposed towards the same action, but to a smaller extent, since such an agent would acquire more information, which outweighs the bias stemming from misalignment. We show that belief misalignment between an agent and a principal is a viable instrument in delegation, performing on par with contracting and communication in a class of problems. Keywords: delegation; rational inattention; heterogeneous beliefs Fulltext is available at external website.
Optimally biased expertise

This paper shows that the principal can strictly benefit from delegating a decision to an agent whose opinion differs from that of the principal. We consider a “delegated expertise” problem in which ...

Ilinov, Pavel; Matveenko, A.; Senkov, Maxim; Starkov, E.
Národohospodářský ústav, 2022

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