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The Interplay Between the Notch Signaling Pathway and Cellular Metabolism
SLANINOVÁ, Věra
2016 - English
We identified four metabolic genes as direct targets of Notch signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo and investigated the hypothesis that Notch directed metabolic changes support the growth of the imaginal wing dics. Vice versa, we observed the influence of metabolic changes on the activity of Notch signaling pathway and we identified Sirt1 as a metabolic sensor for the Notch pathway that helps to elicit an efficient response to Notch signal, in a metabolism sensitive manner. We identified four metabolic genes as direct targets of Notch signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo and investigated the hypothesis that Notch directed metabolic changes support the growth of the imaginal wing dics. Vice versa, we observed the influence of metabolic changes on the activity of Notch signaling pathway and we identified Sirt1 as a metabolic sensor for the Notch pathway that helps to elicit an efficient response to Notch signal, in a metabolism sensitive manner.
Keywords:
Notch; metabolism; growth; metabolic sensors; sirt1
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
The Interplay Between the Notch Signaling Pathway and Cellular Metabolism
We identified four metabolic genes as direct targets of Notch signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo and investigated the hypothesis that Notch directed metabolic changes support the growth of ...
Optimization of stable microclimate management
ŠIMKOVÁ, Anna
2017 - Czech
The aim of study was to determine how correlate together the basic components of the microclimate and what is their weight in creating of a suitable stable environment and at the same time participate in the research partial results for the creation of an automated system of evaluation and quality control of microclimate in the stable and to exclude subjective operator error, mitigate the impacts of extreme climatic fluctuations and contribute to the improvement of animal welfare, which should then be reflected in increased quantity and quality of production and better health. Cílem disertační práce bylo zjistit, jakým způsobem spolu korelují základní složky mikroklimatu a jaká je jejich váha při vytváření vhodného stájového prostředí a současně se v průběhu výzkumu podílet dílčími výsledky na vytvoření automatizovaného systému vyhodnocování a řízení kvality mikroklimatu ve stáji a vyloučit tak subjektivní chyby obsluhy, zmírnit dopady extrémních klimatických výkyvů a přispět ke zlepšení welfare zvířat, což by se mělo následně projevit ve zvýšeném množství a kvalitě produkce a lepším zdravotním stavu.
Keywords:
dojnice; ochlazovací hodnota; teplota vzduchu; stájové plyny; stájové mikroklima; dairy cows; cooling value; air temperature; stable gases; stable microclimate
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Optimization of stable microclimate management
The aim of study was to determine how correlate together the basic components of the microclimate and what is their weight in creating of a suitable stable environment and at the same time participate ...
Censorship in ČR after 1989
SEGI, Stefan
2016 - Czech
The dissertation thesis examines czech literary censorship after 1989. It presents a polemical addition to a monograph published one year earlier entitled V obecném zájmu [In the General Interest], which covered the same period. The main methodological resource is represented by the books of a British theatrologist Helen Freshwater, who based her inclusive model of censorship on the border crossing of hard and soft censorship. Moreover, she moved her emphasis on discourse as the main indicator of what is considered a censor´s intervention in a particular historical moment. The core of the thesis consists of four chapters, which on the basis of the original research examine the typical cases of censorship and related discourse. These chapters are included in a broader frame of a changing notion of censorship and political correctness in the discussed period. The chapter devoted to the banned skinhead music group Braník is based on the examination of the respective court´s files and the analysis of the changing notion of freedom of speech in the beginning of the 1990s. The chapter about the censorship of literature for children and youth is based on the comparison of various editions of books written by Bohumil Říha. Furthermore, the conditions are observed, under which the interventions to these new editions were identified as censorship. Censorship on internet is treated in the chapter devoted to the regulation of the virtual (literary) child pornography, while the chapter devoted to political correctness focuses on texts and paratexts of splatterpunk literature. This doctoral work should offer a complex picture of changing ways of censorship and thinking after 1989. Předkládaná práce je zaměřena na zkoumání literární cenzury po roce 1989 a představuje polemické doplnění monografie V obecném zájmu, která se daným obdobím také zabývala. Jádro disertační práce představují čtyři kapitoly, které na základě původního výzkumu zkoumají charakteristické případy cenzury a diskurzu o ní a jež jsou zasazeny do širšího rámce proměn myšlení o cenzuře a politické korektnosti ve sledovaném období. Kapitola věnovaná zákazu skinheadské skupiny vychází z analýzy soudního spisu a na rozboru proměny myšlení o svobodě slova na počátku devadesátých let. Kapitola o cenzuře na poli literatury pro děti a mládež je založena na komparaci různých vydání knih Bohumila Říhy a sledování podmínek, za jakých jsou zásahy do nových vydání textů označeny za cenzuru. Zkoumáním cenzury na internetu se zabývá kapitola věnovaná regulaci virtuální (literární) dětské pornografie a kapitola věnovaná politické korektnosti se pak zaměří na texty a paratexty splatterpunkové literatury. Tato disertační práce by tak měla poskytnout komplexní obraz proměn podob cenzury a myšlení o ní po roce 1989.
Keywords:
Cenzura; svoboda slova; literatura pro děti a mládež; skinheads; politická korektnost; dětská pornografie; Censorship; free speech; children's literature; skinheads; child pornography; political correctness
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Censorship in ČR after 1989
The dissertation thesis examines czech literary censorship after 1989. It presents a polemical addition to a monograph published one year earlier entitled V obecném zájmu [In the General Interest], ...
Vývoj metodologické a technologické platformy pro neinvazivní odhad fenolických látek v listech a bobulích
ŠEBELA, David
2016 - English
Plant optical signals can serve as important source of information about biochemical and physiological processes in plants. These signals are influenced by compounds synthesized by plants during primary or secondary metabolism and thus, can also serve as their qualitative and quantitative indicators. Light reaching plant surface (leaf or fruit) can undergo three main pathways- it can be (i) reflected, (ii) absorbed or it can (iii) transmit through plant material. The probability of these three processes depends on particular wavelength of incident irradiation and on the morphological characteristics of plant tissues themselves. As such, plant contains various spectrum of photosynthetic pigments and fluorescent compounds which can either reflect, absorb or pass incident irradiation through at specific wavelengths. Biophysical techniques working with these optical properties of plant pigments and/or other compounds have become universal and common tool in basic and applied research. To quote some example, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, UV induced fluorescence or spectroscopic techniques are on the top of interest thanks to its non-invasive nature, allowing maintain the integrity of measured cells or the whole plant constituents. The main aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive study on the possibility of non-invasive monitoring of phenolic compounds in the leaves and fruits. Optické signály rostliných pletiv mohou sloužit jako významný zdroj informací o biochemických a fyziologických procesech v rostlinách. Tyto signály jsou v zásadě ovlivněny primárním či sekundárním metabolismem - tedy vyzařovány látkami vlastními rostlině, a mohou tak sloužit i jako jejich kvalitativní i kvantitativní indikátory. Při dopadu světelného záření na povrch rostliny (listu či plodu) může dojít v zásadě ke třem hlavním dějům - (i) odrazu, (ii) pohlcení/absorbci či (iii) průchodu daného záření. Pravděpodobnost těchto tří dějů zavisí jak na vlnové délce dopadajícího záření, tak i na vlastnostech samotných rostlinných pletiv. Jako taková jsou rostlinná těla plná pigmentů a fluorescenčních sloučenin, které buď odráží, pohlcují nebo propouští část spektra v různých vlnových délkách daného záření. Biofyzikální techniky pracující s optickými vlastnostmi daných rostliných pigmentů a sloučenin se staly univerzálním a běžně používaným nástrojem v základním i aplikovaném výzkumu rostlin. Například zobrazování kinetiky fluorescence chlorofylu, měření fluorescence indukované ultrafialovým zářením, nebo měření spektrálních charakteristik odraženého světla se dostaly do popředí zájmu díky svému neinvazivnímu charakteru, díky němuž zachovávají integritu buněk i celé měřené rostliny. Tato práce se snaží poskytnout ucelenou studii, týkající se možnosti neinvazivního monitoringu fenolických látek v listech a plodech, za pomocí zmíněných optických metod.
Keywords:
chlorofylová fluorescence; fenolické látky; neinvazivní monitoring; reflektance; UV indukovaná fluorescence
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Vývoj metodologické a technologické platformy pro neinvazivní odhad fenolických látek v listech a bobulích
Plant optical signals can serve as important source of information about biochemical and physiological processes in plants. These signals are influenced by compounds synthesized by plants during ...
Časově rozlišená spektroskopie světlem indukovaných procesů
KUZNETSOVA, Valentyna
2017 - English
This Ph.D. thesis is devoted to the study of the photophysical properties of photosynthetic pigments. The brief introduction to the field is given in Chapter 1. In studies presented in the thesis, femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy was used to determine the relation between the molecular structure of carotenoids and its spectroscopic properties. The experimental and data analysis methods are described in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 addresses the investigation of the effect of isomerization on excited-state dynamics of the carbonyl carotenoid fucoxanthin. In Chapter 4, the different response of carbonyl carotenoids to solvent proticity is used to estimate the structure of an unknown carotenoid from Chromera velia. In Chapter 5, spectroscopic properties of the S1 state of three linear carotenoids were studied after excess energy excitation in the S2 state. Chapter 6 presents a femtosecond spectroscopic comparison study of Orange and Red Carotenoid Proteins binding different carotenoids. Tato dizertační práce je věnována studiu fotofyzikálních vlastností fotosyntetických pigmentů. Stručný úvod do oboru je uveden v Kapitole 1. Ve studiích prezentovaných v této práci byla použita femtosekundová pump-probe spektroskopie pro stanovení vztahu mezi molekulární strukturou karotenoidů a jejich spektroskopickými vlastnostmi. Experimentální metody a metody analýzy dat jsou popsány v Kapitole 2. Kapitola 3 se zabývá zkoumáním vlivu izomerizace na dynamiku excitovaného stavu karotenoidu fucoxanthin obsahujícího karbonylovou skupinu. V Kapitole 4 je pro odhad struktury neznámého karotenoidu z Chromera velia použita schopnost karbonylových karotenoidů účastnit se protolytických reakcí s rozpouštědly. V Kapitole 5 byly studovány spektroskopické vlastnosti stavu S1 tří lineárních karotenoidů po nadměrné excitaci stavu S2. V Kapitole 6 je uvedena femtosekundová spektroskopická srovnávací studie Orange a Red Carotenoid Proteins, které obsahuji různé karotenoidy.
Keywords:
karotenoidy; karbonylové karotenoidy; dynamika excitovaných stavů; molekulární struktura; závislos na rozpouštědle
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Časově rozlišená spektroskopie světlem indukovaných procesů
This Ph.D. thesis is devoted to the study of the photophysical properties of photosynthetic pigments. The brief introduction to the field is given in Chapter 1. In studies presented in the thesis, ...
Ecology of top fish predators, European catfish and asp, with consequences to fish communities
ŠMEJKAL, Marek
2017 - English
The dissertation thesis focuses on predator ecology in artificial water bodies. Paper I deals with the importance of chemical cues for predator-prey interactions in an aquatic environment. Here, I demonstrate that the ability to detect chemical cues represents a survival benefit for prey species. Paper II points out gillnet methodological bias, which may have subsequent repercussions in field evaluation of a predator's presence and assessment of larger fish abundance in general. Papers III and IV focus on asp Leuciscus aspius spawning grounds. In Paper III, I demonstrate how males maximize their spawning chances by early arrival and in Paper IV, I evaluate the predation pressure of asp prey, Alburnus alburnus, directed on asp eggs. The dissertation thesis focuses on predator ecology in artificial water bodies. Paper I deals with the importance of chemical cues for predator-prey interactions in an aquatic environment. Here, I demonstrate that the ability to detect chemical cues represents a survival benefit for prey species. Paper II points out gillnet methodological bias, which may have subsequent repercussions in field evaluation of a predator's presence and assessment of larger fish abundance in general. Papers III and IV focus on asp Leuciscus aspius spawning grounds. In Paper III, I demonstrate how males maximize their spawning chances by early arrival and in Paper IV, I evaluate the predation pressure of asp prey, Alburnus alburnus, directed on asp eggs.
Keywords:
chemical cues; European catfish; asp; bleak; protandry; predator-prey reversal
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Ecology of top fish predators, European catfish and asp, with consequences to fish communities
The dissertation thesis focuses on predator ecology in artificial water bodies. Paper I deals with the importance of chemical cues for predator-prey interactions in an aquatic environment. Here, I ...
Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
KAAS, Jiří
2017 - Czech
The objective of the presented thesis is to explore the impact of rheumatoid arthritis on the patient's life and to compare the subjectively perceived quality of life of such patients with that in healthy population. The set objectives were achieved through a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative survey took place as part of the team research project GAJU No. 120/2012/S through the use of the standardized WHOQOL-100 questionnaire handed out to 200 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. In addition to further tests, the statistical data analysis included comparison of the quality of life in the aforesaid patient population with the quality of life in the control healthy population, which also participated in the above stated project. The qualitative survey used the technique of semi-structured interviews with 11 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The research has shown that the patients with rheumatoid arthritis have a worse quality of life in the fields of physical condition and independence than healthy population. On the other hand, a better quality of life was found in the fields of milieu and spirituality. The results also referred to pain and fatigue as the major factors influencing the quality of life of such patients and drew attention to their interconnection with other dimensions. The qualitative survey supplemented the quantitative data with a practical detailed description of individual problems. Among other things, it detected factors that help the patients to overcome obstacles associated with the disease. For example, the research revealed the family influence or the compensation of restraints by adaptations of the environment or changes of the daily routine. Interesting conclusions have been derived from the information about the effect of adaptation to the disease; it was found out that in the course of their life with the disease, patients get used to certain difficulties, so they perceive them as less severe than in the beginnings of the disease. The thesis provides a complex view of the matters of the quality of life of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and refers to this disease not only as to a disease of the body but also to a disease of the human soul. Among other things, it provides evidence that the concept of the quality of life is applicable in the field of nursing. With regard to the above stated facts, the thesis is useful for the extension of the theoretical knowledge in the field of nursing as well as for the clinical practice. Cílem předložené práce je zmapovat dopad revmatoidní artritidy na život nemocného a porovnat subjektivně vnímanou kvalitu života takto nemocných se zdravou populací. Stanovené cíle byly dosaženy na základě kombinace kvantitativního a kvalitativního výzkumu. Kvantitativní šetření probíhalo v rámci řešení týmového výzkumného projektu GAJU č. 120/2012/S prostřednictvím aplikace standardizovaného dotazníku WHOQOL-100 u 200 nemocných trpících revmatoidní artritidou. V rámci statistické analýzy dat bylo vedle dalších testů provedeno srovnání kvality života zmíněné nemocné populace s kontrolní zdravou populací, která byla taktéž součástí výše uvedeného projektu. Kvalitativní šetření bylo realizováno technikou polostrukturovaného rozhovoru s 11 nemocnými trpícími revmatoidní artritidou. Na základě uskutečněného výzkumu bylo zjištěno, že pacienti s revmatoidní artritidou vykazují v porovnání se zdravou populací horší kvalitu života v oblastech fyzického stavu a nezávislosti. Lepší kvalita života byla naopak odhalena v rovině prostředí a spirituality. Výsledky dále poukázaly na bolest a únavu coby přední faktory ovlivňující kvalitu života těchto pacientů a upozornily na jejich provázanost s dalšími dimenzemi. Kvalitativní šetření účelně doplnilo kvantitativní data podrobným popisem jednotlivých problémů. Mimo jiné odhalilo faktory, které nemocným pomáhají překonávat obtíže spojené s nemocí. Odhalen byl například vliv rodiny nebo kompenzace omezení pomocí úpravy prostředí či změn denního režimu. Zajímavé závěry přinášejí informace o vlivu adaptace na nemoc, kdy bylo zjištěno, že v průběhu života s nemocí si pacienti na určité obtíže zvykají, tudíž je vnímají méně závažně, než v počátcích onemocnění. Práce poskytuje komplexní pohled na problematiku kvality života nemocných s revmatoidní artritidou a poukazuje na tuto nemoc nejen jako na nemoc těla, ale i lidské duše. Mimo jiné poskytuje důkazy o uplatnitelnosti konceptu kvality života na poli ošetřovatelství. S ohledem na výše zmíněné je práce přínosná jak pro rozšíření teoretické základny oboru ošetřovatelství, tak pro klinickou praxi.
Keywords:
Revmatoidní artritida; kvalita života; ošetřovatelství; celostní přístup.; Rheumatoid arthritis; quality of life; nursing; holistic approach.
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
The objective of the presented thesis is to explore the impact of rheumatoid arthritis on the patient's life and to compare the subjectively perceived quality of life of such patients with that in ...
The regulatory role of cyanobacterial High light inducible proteins
SHUKLA, Mahendra Kumar
2018 - English
The aim of the thesis was to elucidate the role of High light inducible proteins (Hlips) in the protection/regulation of the biogenesis of photosynthesis machinery. During the project two Hlip proteins (HliC and HliD) were isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803; either as a pure oligomer (HliC protein) or as a small complex with a putative Photosystem II assembly factor Ycf39 (HliD protein). Pigments bound to purified Hlips were analyzed by state-of-art spectroscopic techniques to elucidate the mechanism of thermal energy dissipation. In addition, this work explained the mechanism of how the HliC protein regulates the interaction between chlorophyll synthase enzyme and the Ycf39 protein. This conceptually new mechanism is based on the replacement of HliD dimers in chlorophyll synthase complexes by stress-induced HliD-HliC heterodimers, which changes the affinity of Ycf39 towards chlorophyll synthase. The aim of the thesis was to elucidate the role of High light inducible proteins (Hlips) in the protection/regulation of the biogenesis of photosynthesis machinery. During the project two Hlip proteins (HliC and HliD) were isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803; either as a pure oligomer (HliC protein) or as a small complex with a putative Photosystem II assembly factor Ycf39 (HliD protein). Pigments bound to purified Hlips were analyzed by state-of-art spectroscopic techniques to elucidate the mechanism of thermal energy dissipation. In addition, this work explained the mechanism of how the HliC protein regulates the interaction between chlorophyll synthase enzyme and the Ycf39 protein. This conceptually new mechanism is based on the replacement of HliD dimers in chlorophyll synthase complexes by stress-induced HliD-HliC heterodimers, which changes the affinity of Ycf39 towards chlorophyll synthase.
Keywords:
Hlips; ChlG; ROS; Ycf39; PSI; PSII
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
The regulatory role of cyanobacterial High light inducible proteins
The aim of the thesis was to elucidate the role of High light inducible proteins (Hlips) in the protection/regulation of the biogenesis of photosynthesis machinery. During the project two Hlip ...
Community ecology of insects inhabiting ephemeral habitats.
SLÁDEČEK, František
2017 - Czech
The aim of this thesis was to investigate community assembly mechanisms driving the temporal patterns, succession and seasonality, in dung-inhabiting insects as a model community of insects inhabiting ephemeral habitats. I have shown that the succession of dung-inhabiting beetle and fly species follows the mechanisms of habitat filtering. This was reflected in species successional aggregation in adult dung-visiting flies, aggregation of beetle and fly functional groups in succession, sized-based successional patterns of dung-inhabiting beetle predators and, finally, by reflection of successional patterns of dung-emitted volatiles by beetle and fly species' succession. Seasonality follows the mechanisms of niche differentiation among adult flies and beetle predators, while it should rather follow principles of habitat filtering between all beetles and flies.
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Community ecology of insects inhabiting ephemeral habitats.
The aim of this thesis was to investigate community assembly mechanisms driving the temporal patterns, succession and seasonality, in dung-inhabiting insects as a model community of insects inhabiting ...
Studium nádorové imunoterapie založené na instalaci ligandů fagocytárních receptorů na nádorové buňky a objasnění probíhajících procesorů
CAISOVÁ, Veronika
2017 - Czech
Immunotherapy became a very promising approach for cancer therapy. Tumor cells are eliminated using the body's own immune system with minimal negative effect on healthy tissue. This thesis is focused on immunotherapy based on activation of innate immunity, specifically on intratumoral application of ligands stimulating phagocytosis and Toll-like receptor ligands. This therapeutic approach was tested in several types of tumor mouse models, such as melanoma B16-F10, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and pheochromocytoma. The composition of the therapeutic mixture as well as the application schedule were optimized in our studies. Subsequently the underlying mechanisms involved in tumor elimination during this therapy were investigated. Imunoterapie se zda jako velmi efektivni lecba nadorovych onemocneni. Pri tomto typu terapie jsou nadorove bunky eliminovany telu vlastnimi imunitnimi bunkami s minimalnim negativnim efektem na zdravou tkan. Tato prace je zamerena na imunoterapii zalozenou na aktivaci vrozene imunity, konkretne na intratumoralni aplikaci fagocytozu stimulujicich ligandu a ligandu Toll-like receptoru. Tento terapeuticky pristup byl testovan u nekolika druhu nadorovych mysich modelu - melanom B16-F10, pankreaticky adenokarcinom a pheochromocytom. Slozeni terapeuticke smesi a davkovani terapeuticke smesi bylo optimalizovano v ramci teto prace. Zaroven byly zkoumany mechanismy zapojene v eliminaci nadoru v prubehu teto terapi.
Keywords:
immunoterapie; nadory; vrozena imunita; ligandy stimulujici fagocytozu; ligandy toll-like receptoru; mysi nadorove modely; neutrofily; immunotherapy; tumors; innate immunity; phagocytosis stimulating ligands; toll-like receptors ligands; mouse tumor models; neutrophils
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Studium nádorové imunoterapie založené na instalaci ligandů fagocytárních receptorů na nádorové buňky a objasnění probíhajících procesorů
Immunotherapy became a very promising approach for cancer therapy. Tumor cells are eliminated using the body's own immune system with minimal negative effect on healthy tissue. This thesis is focused ...
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