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Living on the Edge: Integration vs. Modularity in the Phonology of Czech Anglicisms
Duběda, Tomáš
2017 - English
The article discusses different aspects of the phonology of Czech Anglicisms, categorizing the adaptation mechanisms into “integrative” and “modular.” The integrative mechanisms include the Phonological Approximation Principle, the Spelling Pronunciation Principle, and different types of analogies. The modular mechanisms, which increase the autonomy of the subsystem of Anglicisms, include the Original Pronunciation Principle, the presence of marked phonemes or phonotactic structures, phonological variability resulting from the competition between adaptation principles, irregular mapping between phonology and spelling, as well as underlying links to English phonology. Quantitative evidence is provided for some of these tendencies, and several psycholinguistic hypotheses are formulated in connection with the adaptation model.
Keywords:
Czech; English; Anglicisms; loanwords; loanword adaptation; phonology
Fulltext is available at external website.
Living on the Edge: Integration vs. Modularity in the Phonology of Czech Anglicisms
The article discusses different aspects of the phonology of Czech Anglicisms, categorizing the adaptation mechanisms into “integrative” and “modular.” The integrative mechanisms include the ...
Czech and Slovak laskonka 'a kind of sweet dessert'
Boček, Vít
2017 - English
In the paper, Czech laskonka ‘a kind of sweet dessert’ is explained as a result of the shortening of the word laskomin(k)a ‘appetite, desire‘, ‘delicacy, dainty’, which goes back to Common Slavonic *oskomina, probably an Early Romance loanword.
Keywords:
etymology; Czech; Slovak; Early Romance; borrowing
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Czech and Slovak laskonka 'a kind of sweet dessert'
In the paper, Czech laskonka ‘a kind of sweet dessert’ is explained as a result of the shortening of the word laskomin(k)a ‘appetite, desire‘, ‘delicacy, dainty’, which goes back to Common Slavonic ...
Reflection of Dialects in Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms
Čižmárová, Libuše
2017 - English
The article relates to there projects of the Brno dialectologists: The Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (supported by the Czech Science Foundation in 2005-2007, 2008-2010, at present continued without CSF support), The Dictionary of Dialects of the Czech Language (at present supported by the CSF, grant project 2011-2015), and The Czech Linguistic Atlas, published in paper version in 6 volumes in 1992-2011, these days being gradually presented in electrobnic version on the ICL webpage (http://cja.cas.cz/cja.html).\n(General web page of the ICL with more detailed information of both other above mentioned works see http://www.ujc.cas.cz/).
Keywords:
ectronic dictionaries; onomastics; dialectology; Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms; Dictionary of Dialects of the Czech Language; Czech Linguistic Atlas
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Reflection of Dialects in Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms
The article relates to there projects of the Brno dialectologists: The Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (supported by the Czech Science Foundation in 2005-2007, 2008-2010, at present ...
Reflection on the Dictionary of Czech Dialects
Šipková, Milena
2017 - English
After finishing the Czech Linguistic Atlas (1992-2011), the Brno Department of Dialectology of the Institute of the Czech Language, Czech Academy of Sciences, comes to the most significant phase of its aktivity - to the lexicological compilation of the gathered dialect materiál. In connection with a question arises, what type of a dialect dictionary should be compiled. It could be either some type of a differential dictionary, or a dictionary of comprehensive character. These guestions reflect not only the scientific point of view and the national and cultural interest, but also the temporal perspective, personal possibilities of the researches-dialectologists (their qualifications, experience, age) as well as in these days more and more important financial support. In her article, the author tries to characterize some possible zypes of differential dialect dictionaries and draws attention to their pros (advantages) and cons (dishadvantages). In opposition to these, she places the comprehensive compilation of an extensive dialect materiál in the form of a dictionary: on the one hand, she points out its problems, difficulties, even risks, on the other hand, its indisputable values
Keywords:
differential dialect dictionary; comprehensive dialect dictionary
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Reflection on the Dictionary of Czech Dialects
After finishing the Czech Linguistic Atlas (1992-2011), the Brno Department of Dialectology of the Institute of the Czech Language, Czech Academy of Sciences, comes to the most significant phase of ...
Peripheral Old Czech names for Owls
Hořejší, Michal; Voleková, Kateřina
2017 - English
This paper focuses on the interpretation of the Old Czech peripheral ornithonyms vap, vapek a puňek. Based on an analysis of the context for the evidence, and with the help of more recent sources and an analysis of the morphological structure, several findings have been made: a) the Old Czech vap is a deverbative formed from the Croatian vapiti, which provides further proof of contact between the two languages during the Middle Ages, b) the formant -ek performs a complex function in the names of animals, as it may simultaneously carry a diminutive and an agentive meaning, while including the information that the word is the name of an animal, c) the distribution of the names of animals was loose in earlier times, with one term frequently relating to several referents, whereas one animal commonly bore several names.
Keywords:
ornithonyms; onomatopoeia; word formation; language contact; owls; Old Czech
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Peripheral Old Czech names for Owls
This paper focuses on the interpretation of the Old Czech peripheral ornithonyms vap, vapek a puňek. Based on an analysis of the context for the evidence, and with the help of more recent sources and ...
On the etymology of the Czech words kobliha and špína
Valčáková, Pavla
2017 - English
The text deals with the etymology of Czech kobliha, which is explained as a borrowing from Russian kobriza 'round bread, loaf of bread', influenced by Czech oblý 'round'. - Old Czech, Czech špína 'dirt' originated from German spinnen 'to spin', Spinnabfall, Spinnabgang 'dirt, waste from spinning'.
Keywords:
etymology; Czech; doughnut; dirt
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
On the etymology of the Czech words kobliha and špína
The text deals with the etymology of Czech kobliha, which is explained as a borrowing from Russian kobriza 'round bread, loaf of bread', influenced by Czech oblý 'round'. - Old Czech, Czech špína ...
Marginalia etymologica Bohemica
Vykypěl, Bohumil
2017 - English
In the present paper, the author discusses the word lech found in the treatise De orthographia Bohemica, explains the loss of H- in Old Czech Hřěk and Hřehoř, points out that the suffi x -tel- is an Old Church Slavonic particularity and writes what Holub and Kopečný contributed to the question of the subject of etymology.
Keywords:
etymology; Czech; Slavonic languages; historical linguistics
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Marginalia etymologica Bohemica
In the present paper, the author discusses the word lech found in the treatise De orthographia Bohemica, explains the loss of H- in Old Czech Hřěk and Hřehoř, points out that the suffi x -tel- is an ...
Towards two Old Czech loanwords
Nejedlý, Petr
2017 - English
The article challenges two new expositions of loaned Old Czech lexemes, which are available online, and confirms the older explanations of these words: the noun dějnicě ‘carpet’ has its origins, regardless of other more recent forms, in the Old Polish dzianica, and the noun moryt ‘a plant used to dye material’ is an appropriate loanword from Middle Latin moretum.
Keywords:
origin of the word; Old Czech; dějnicě; moryt; Old Polish; Medieval Latin
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Towards two Old Czech loanwords
The article challenges two new expositions of loaned Old Czech lexemes, which are available online, and confirms the older explanations of these words: the noun dějnicě ‘carpet’ has its origins, ...
Usage of Electronic Sources of Historical Czech for Formal Description of Appellative-Noun Declension
Lehečka, Boris; Jínová, P.
2015 - English
Characteristic of the tools and sources available in The Department of Language Development, which were used for the description of appellative-noun declension in the oldest period of the Czech language development (1300–1500): Old-Czech (or internal) text bank, The Token Analysis (in Excel) and formal description of Old-Czech appellative nouns.
Keywords:
historical Czech; Noun Declension; morphological tagging; lemmatization
Fulltext is available at external website.
Usage of Electronic Sources of Historical Czech for Formal Description of Appellative-Noun Declension
Characteristic of the tools and sources available in The Department of Language Development, which were used for the description of appellative-noun declension in the oldest period of the Czech ...
Slavic *tis7 - an evergreen problem of Slavic etymology?
Blažek, V.; Janyšková, Ilona
2015 - English
The aim of this contribution is to summarize and reconsider all the existing etymologies of the Slavic dendronym *tis7 ‘yew tree’ as well as the etymologies of probable or alleged related words and to suggest new solutions to this problem. This was carried out on the basis of a detailed semantic analysis of primary texts, onomastic materials, and also on the historical and cultural background.
Keywords:
Indo-European; Slavic; dendronym; yew; etymology
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Slavic *tis7 - an evergreen problem of Slavic etymology?
The aim of this contribution is to summarize and reconsider all the existing etymologies of the Slavic dendronym *tis7 ‘yew tree’ as well as the etymologies of probable or alleged related words and to ...
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