No (7616)
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Number of found documents:
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The design of Bayesian diagnostic expert system Querix and it’s engineering application
Věchet, Stanislav; Krejsa, Jiří; Chen, K.-S.
2023 - English
Expert systems have gained attention over the last two decades as they bring the possibility of using expert knowledge in various control systems. However, it has lost attraction in favor of artificial neural networks in recent years, which is mostly influenced by the availability of data to train neural network models and the availability of various frameworks to achieve fast time-to-market applications for given solutions.
Keywords:
expert system; decision making; advanced diagnostic; autonomous navigation; RPA
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The design of Bayesian diagnostic expert system Querix and it’s engineering application
Expert systems have gained attention over the last two decades as they bring the possibility of using expert knowledge in various control systems. However, it has lost attraction in favor of ...
Programs and Algorithms of Numerical Mathematics 21 : Jablonec nad Nisou, June 19-24, 2022 : Proceedings of Seminar
Chleboun, J.; Kůs, Pavel; Papež, Jan; Rozložník, Miroslav; Segeth, Karel; Šístek, Jakub
2023 - English
These proceedings contain peer-reviewed papers that are based on the invited lectures, short communications, and posters presented at the 21st seminar Programs and Algorithms of Numerical Mathematics (PANM) held in Merkur Hotel, Jablonec nad Nisou, Czech Republic, June 19-24, 2022.\nThe seminar was organized by the Institute of Mathematics of the Czech Academy of Sciences under the auspices of EU-MATHS-IN.CZ, Czech Network for Mathematics in Industry, and with the nancial support provided by the RSJ Foundation. It continued the previous seminars on mathematical software and numerical methods held (biennially, with only one exception) in Alšovice, Bratříkov, Janov nad Nisou, Kořenov, Lázně Libverda, Dolní Maxov, Prague, and Hejnice in the period 1983-2020. The objective of this series of seminars is to provide a forum for presenting and discussing advanced topics in numerical analysis, computer implementation of numerical algorithms, new approaches to mathematical modeling, and single- or multi-processor applications of computational methods.
Keywords:
numerical mathematics
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Programs and Algorithms of Numerical Mathematics 21 : Jablonec nad Nisou, June 19-24, 2022 : Proceedings of Seminar
These proceedings contain peer-reviewed papers that are based on the invited lectures, short communications, and posters presented at the 21st seminar Programs and Algorithms of Numerical Mathematics ...
Statistical Method Selection Matters: Vanilla Methods in Regression May Yield Misleading Results
Kalina, Jan
2023 - English
The primary aim of this work is to illustrate the importance of the choice of the appropriate methods for the statistical analysis of economic data. Typically, there exist several alternative versions of common statistical methods for every statistical modeling task\nand the most habitually used (“vanilla”) versions may yield rather misleading results in nonstandard situations. Linear regression is considered here as the most fundamental econometric model. First, the analysis of a world tourism dataset is presented, where the number of international arrivals is modeled for 140 countries of the world as a response of 14 pillars (indicators) of the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index. Heteroscedasticity is clearly recognized in the dataset. However, the Aitken estimator, which would be the standard remedy in such a situation, is revealed here to be very inappropriate. Regression quantiles represent a much more suitable solution here. The second illustration with artificial data reveals standard regression quantiles to be unsuitable for data contaminated by outlying values. Their recently proposed robust version turns out to be much more appropriate. Both\nillustrations reveal that choosing suitable methods represent an important (and often difficult) part of the analysis of economic data.
Keywords:
linear regression; assumptions; non-standard situations; robustness; diagnostics
Fulltext is available at external website.
Statistical Method Selection Matters: Vanilla Methods in Regression May Yield Misleading Results
The primary aim of this work is to illustrate the importance of the choice of the appropriate methods for the statistical analysis of economic data. Typically, there exist several alternative versions ...
Bohl-Marek decomposition applied to a class of biochemical networks with conservation properties
Papáček, Štěpán; Matonoha, Ctirad; Duintjer Tebbens, Jurjen
2023 - English
This study presents an application of one special technique, further called as Bohl-Marek decomposition, related to the mathematical modeling of biochemical networks with mass conservation properties. We continue in direction of papers devoted to inverse problems of parameter estimation for mathematical models describing the drug-induced enzyme production networks [3]. However, being aware of the complexity of general physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, here we focus on the case of enzyme-catalyzed reactions with a substrate transport chain [5]. Although our ultimate goal is to develop a reliable method for fitting the model parameters to given experimental data, here we study certain numerical issues within the framework of optimal experimental design [6]. Before starting an experiment on a real biochemical network, we formulate an optimization problem aiming to maximize the information content of the corresponding experiment. For the above-sketched optimization problem, the computational costs related to the two formulations of the same biochemical network, being (i) the classical formulation x˙(t) = Ax(t) + b(t) and (ii) the 'quasi-linear' Bohl-Marek formulation x˙M(t) = M(x(t)) xM(t), can be determined and compared.
Keywords:
Mathematical modeling; Biochemical network; Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models
Fulltext is available at external website.
Bohl-Marek decomposition applied to a class of biochemical networks with conservation properties
This study presents an application of one special technique, further called as Bohl-Marek decomposition, related to the mathematical modeling of biochemical networks with mass conservation properties. ...
Validation of numerical simulations of a simple immersed boundary solver for fluid flow in branching channels
Keslerová, R.; Lancmanová, Anna; Bodnár, Tomáš
2023 - English
This work deals with the flow of incompressible viscous fluids in a two-dimensional branching channel. Using the immersed boundary method, a new finite difference solver was developed to interpret the channel geometry. The numerical results obtained by this new solver are compared with the numerical simulations of the older finite volume method code and with the results obtained with OpenFOAM. The aim of this work is to verify whether the immersed boundary method is suitable for fluid flow in channels with more complex geometries with difficult grid generation.
Keywords:
immersed boundary method; finite volume method; OpenFOAM
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Validation of numerical simulations of a simple immersed boundary solver for fluid flow in branching channels
This work deals with the flow of incompressible viscous fluids in a two-dimensional branching channel. Using the immersed boundary method, a new finite difference solver was developed to interpret the ...
Rooting algebraic vertices of convergent sequences
Hartman, David; Hons, T.; Nešetřil, J.
2023 - English
Structural convergence is a framework for convergence of graphs by Nešetřil and Ossona de Mendez that unifies the dense (left) graph convergence and Benjamini-Schramm convergence. They posed a problem asking whether for a given sequence of graphs (Gn) converging to a limit L and a vertex r of L it is possible to find a sequence of vertices (rn) such that L rooted at r is the limit of the graphs Gn rooted at rn. A counterexample was found by Christofides and Král’, but they showed that the statement holds for almost all vertices r of L. We offer another perspective to the original problem by considering the size of definable sets to which the root r belongs. We prove that if r is an algebraic vertex (i.e. belongs to a finite definable set), the sequence of roots (rn) always exists.
Keywords:
rooting; algebraic vertices; convergent sequences
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Rooting algebraic vertices of convergent sequences
Structural convergence is a framework for convergence of graphs by Nešetřil and Ossona de Mendez that unifies the dense (left) graph convergence and Benjamini-Schramm convergence. They posed a problem ...
Drivers of Private Equity Activity across Europe: An East-West Comparison
Kočenda, Evžen; Shivendra, R.
2023 - English
We investigate the key macroeconomic and institutional determinants of fundraising and investment activities and compare them across Europe, covering 13 Central and Eastern European (CEE) and 16 Western European (WE) countries. Five macroeconomic variables and nineteen institutional variables are selected. These variables are studied using panel data analysis with fixed effects and random effects models over an eleven-year observation period (2010–2020). Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) is applied to select the key variables. Our results suggest that macroeconomic variables have no significant impact on fundraising and investment activity in either region. Investment activity is a significant driver of fundraising across Europe. Similarly, fundraising and divestment activity are significant drivers of investments across Europe. Institutional variables, however, affect fundraising and investment activity differently. While investment freedom has a significant effect on funds raised in the WE and CEE countries, government integrity and trade freedom are both significant determinants of investments in both European regions. In addition, the results demonstrate that, in contrast to the WE region, fundraising in the CEE region is not country specific. We investigate the key macroeconomic and institutional determinants of fundraising and investment activities and compare them across Europe, covering 13 Central and Eastern European (CEE) and 16 Western European (WE) countries. Five macroeconomic variables and nineteen institutional variables are selected. These variables are studied using panel data analysis with fixed effects and random effects models over an eleven-year observation period (2010–2020). Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) is applied to select the key variables. Our results suggest that macroeconomic variables have no significant impact on fundraising and investment activity in either region. Investment activity is a significant driver of fundraising across Europe. Similarly, fundraising and divestment activity are significant drivers of investments across Europe. Institutional variables, however, affect fundraising and investment activity differently. While investment freedom has a significant effect on funds raised in the WE and CEE countries, government integrity and trade freedom are both significant determinants of investments in both European regions. In addition, the results demonstrate that, in contrast to the WE region, fundraising in the CEE region is not country specific.
Keywords:
Private equity; Fundraising; Investment
Fulltext is available at external website.
Drivers of Private Equity Activity across Europe: An East-West Comparison
We investigate the key macroeconomic and institutional determinants of fundraising and investment activities and compare them across Europe, covering 13 Central and Eastern European (CEE) and 16 ...
Effect of aging on mechanical properties of 3D printed samples using stereolithography
Drechslerová, V.; Falta, J.; Fíla, T.; Dvořák, R.; Kytýř, Daniel
2023 - English
This paper focuses on stereolithography (an additive manufacturing technology working on the principle of curing liquid resins layer by layer using ultraviolet radiation) and the effect of aging on the mechanical properties of the material and printed samples. The aging of the material could be a problem for its subsequent use as the stability of the mechanical properties would not be maintained and unwanted deterioration of the material could occur. As part of the research, sets of samples were printed and subjected to different aging methods and subsequently subjected to quasi-static and dynamic uni-axial load tests. From the data obtained, the basic mechanical properties of the material were calculated and compared with each other. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether aging process causes significant changes in the mechanical properties of the materials used, which could have a consequential impact on their use in different industries.
Keywords:
stereolithography; aging; mechanical properties
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Effect of aging on mechanical properties of 3D printed samples using stereolithography
This paper focuses on stereolithography (an additive manufacturing technology working on the principle of curing liquid resins layer by layer using ultraviolet radiation) and the effect of aging on ...
Computed tomography system with strict real-time synchronization for in-situ 3D analysis of periodically vibrating objects
Rada, Václav; Fíla, Tomáš; Zlámal, Petr; Koudelka_ml., Petr; Šleichrt, Jan; Macháček, Michael; Vavřík, Daniel; Kytýř, Daniel
2023 - English
In the contribution, we present a laboratory system capable of X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scanning of an periodically moving or oscillating object. The system is an in-house developed XCT setup with electromagnetic voice coil actuator mounted on top of the rotary stage of the setup. The strict synchronization of the components, the rotary stage, the electromagnetic actuator movement and the detector readout is accomplished with use of the detector hardware trigger and hard real-time Linux operating system. Cylindrical sample manufactured from epoxy resin with metal particles to enable movement tracking is scanned in a stationary position and during periodical movement induced by the vibration stage. The volumetric data of the scans is compared and the results of this contribution represent an important step towards identification of defects through modal analysis of in-situ harmonically vibrating object.
Keywords:
computed tomography; hardware trigger; harmonic motion; realtime synchronization
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Computed tomography system with strict real-time synchronization for in-situ 3D analysis of periodically vibrating objects
In the contribution, we present a laboratory system capable of X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scanning of an periodically moving or oscillating object. The system is an in-house developed XCT setup ...
Analysis suggestion for vehicle scanning method
Bayer, Jan
2023 - English
An analytical approach is suggested that can be conveniently applied in the framework of the Vehicle scanning method (VSM). It assumes that the modal parameters of a bridge will be imported from a finite element (FE) program into MATLAB, where the structural response caused by a moving mass and a moving spring mass is solved using coupling equations and numerical integration. A mathematical formulation of the solution is presented together with a short numerical case study that compares the results to a traditional closed form solution. It is shown that when comparing both forms of analysis the suggested approach is more accurate in the case of slow velocities of the passing sprung mass. Other advantages are that the method allows for the mass of the vehicle or (tractor) towing vehicle and a damping \nto be included in the calculation. The user-friendly preprocessing in commercial FE programs can also be considered an advantage.
Keywords:
moving vehicle; vehicle scanning method; natural frequency; finite element analysis
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Analysis suggestion for vehicle scanning method
An analytical approach is suggested that can be conveniently applied in the framework of the Vehicle scanning method (VSM). It assumes that the modal parameters of a bridge will be imported from a ...
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