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A novel approach to imaging engorged ticks: Micro-CT scanning of Ixodes ricinus fed on blood enriched with gold nanoparticles
ONDRUŠ, Jaroslav
2021 - Czech
Počítačová mikro-tomografie (mikro-CT) je výjimečná zobrazovací technika schopná vizualizace jak externí, tak interní morfologie členovců, jako jsou klíšťata. Hlavním nedostatkem mikro-CT je potřeba dodatečného kontrastování měkkých biologických tkání před jejich vizualizací. Standardně používanými kontrastujícími metodami je v případě klíšťat vysoušení a máčení ve vodném roztoku obsahujícím prvek s vysokým atomárním číslem. Obě tyto metody jsou ovšem zdrojem výrazné deformace a smršťování vzorků. Cílem této studie bylo vyvinout nový způsob kontrastování klíšťat, který by nedostatky současně používaných technik překonal. Podle našich zjištění je možné dospělé samice Ixodes ricinus vykrmených in vitro na krvi obohacené o zlaté nanočástice s polyethylenovým obalem skenovat s vynikajícím kontrastem. Díky využití popsané metody založené na hematofágním způsobu života klíšťat jsme byli schopni pozorovat lumen a epitelium střev, a rektální vak v jejich přirozeném tvaru. Vyjma toho jsme byli schopní spočítat objem střeva. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is an exceptional non-destructive imaging modality, which can be used to visualize both external and internal morphology of arthropods like ticks. The major micro-CT drawback is the soft tissues visualization, which require pre-examination contrasting steps. The commonly employed tick contrasting methods are drying and immersion in a solution containing a high-atomic number element, which both cause major deformation and shrinkage of examined specimens. The aim of this study was to develop a new tick contrasting approach to bypass these limitations. We show that adult Ixodes ricinus females engorged in vitro on blood enriched with gold nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol coating can be scanned with excellent contrast. By utilizing this technique based on the hematophagous nature of the ticks, we were able to observe midgut lumen, midgut epithelium and rectal sac in their natural state. In addition, we were able to precisely calculate the midgut volume.
Keywords:
Anatomie; členovci; in vitro krmení; zlaté nanočástice; počítačová mikro-tomografie; nedestruktivní zobrazování; Anatomy; arthropods; in vitro feeding; gold nanoparticles; micro-computed tomography; non-destructive visualization
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
A novel approach to imaging engorged ticks: Micro-CT scanning of Ixodes ricinus fed on blood enriched with gold nanoparticles
Počítačová mikro-tomografie (mikro-CT) je výjimečná zobrazovací technika schopná vizualizace jak externí, tak interní morfologie členovců, jako jsou klíšťata. Hlavním nedostatkem mikro-CT je potřeba ...
Možnosti deeskalace násilných projevů u pacientů všeobecnou sestrou - model reaktivního managementu
BURDA, Patrik
2021 - Czech
Předkládaná práce se zabývá problematikou násilí při poskytování ošetřovatelské péče a způsoy deeskalace z pohledu všeobených sester. The presented rigorous thesis deals with the issue of violence in providing of nursing care and methods of de-escalation from the perspective of the nurse.
Keywords:
násilí; všeobecná sestra; ošetřovatelská péče; pacient; deeskalace; komunikace; prevence; violence; nurse; nursing care; patient; de-escalation; communication; prevention
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Možnosti deeskalace násilných projevů u pacientů všeobecnou sestrou - model reaktivního managementu
Předkládaná práce se zabývá problematikou násilí při poskytování ošetřovatelské péče a způsoy deeskalace z pohledu všeobených sester....
Násilí a agresivita v nemocnicích Jihočeského kraje
KUBEŠOVÁ, Hana
2021 - Czech
Hlavním cílem rigorózní práce bylo zmapovat problematiku násilí a agresivity v nemocnicích Jihočeského kraje. The main goal of the rigorous thesis was to map the issue of violence and aggression in hospitals in the South Bohemian region.
Keywords:
agresivita; násilí; agresivní pacient; sestra; stres; aggression; violence; aggressive patient; nurse; stress
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Násilí a agresivita v nemocnicích Jihočeského kraje
Hlavním cílem rigorózní práce bylo zmapovat problematiku násilí a agresivity v nemocnicích Jihočeského kraje....
Will refaunation by feral horse affect five checkerspot butterfly species (\kur{Melitaea} Fabricius, 1807) coexisting at xeric grasslands of Podyji National Park, Czech Republic?
VODIČKOVÁ, Veronika
2021 - English
Tato rigorózní práce se zabývá populační strukturou pěti druhů hnědásků - hnědáska jitrocelového, hnědáska kostkovaného, hnědáska květelového, hnědáska podunajského a hnědáska černýšového, sdílící dvě lokality Národního parku Podyjí - Havranické vřesoviště a Mašovická střelnice. Obě tyto lokality jsou v současnosti ohroženy postupnou sukcesí a zarůstáním. Díky tomu byly vybrány pro zavedení volné pastvy velkých herbivorů (Exmoorští pony). Tato práce popisuje demografickou strukturu, mobilitu a habitatové nároky dospělců pěti druhů hnědásků před zavedením volné pastvy velkých herbivorů. This thesis focuses on the population structure of five frittilary butterfly species - Melitaea athalia, M. cinxia, M. didyma, M. britomartis and M. aurelia - co-occurring on two xeric grassland localities of the Podyjí National Park, Czech Republic - Havranické vřesoviště and Mašovická střelnice. Recently, both of these sites are threatened by succession and degradation processes. Due to that, they have been chosen for whole season grazing by a large herbivore (Exmoor pony). This study describes adult demography structure, adult mobility and adult habitat requirements of the five butterflies prior to the grazing management establishment.
Keywords:
hnědásek; Podyjí; refaunace; suché trávníky
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Will refaunation by feral horse affect five checkerspot butterfly species (\kur{Melitaea} Fabricius, 1807) coexisting at xeric grasslands of Podyji National Park, Czech Republic?
Tato rigorózní práce se zabývá populační strukturou pěti druhů hnědásků - hnědáska jitrocelového, hnědáska kostkovaného, hnědáska květelového, hnědáska podunajského a hnědáska černýšového, sdílící dvě ...
\kur{Cryptosporidium myocastoris} n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae), druh adaptovaný na nutrie (\kur{Myocastor coypus})
LIMPOUCHOVÁ, Zlata
2021 - Czech
Kryptosporidie jsou častí paraziti obratlovců. Tato práce popisuje nový druh kryptosporidií adaptovaný na nutrie. Celkem bylo vyšetřeno 150 vzorků trusu od zdivočelých nutrií v České republice a Slovensku. Vzorky byly vyšetřeny mikroskopicky a molekulárně na genech kódujících malou ribozomální podjednotku, aktin, HSP70 a gp60. Cryptosporidium spp., common parasite of vertebrates, remain poorly studied in wildlife. This study describes the novel Cryptosporidium species adapted to nutria (Myocastor coypus). A total of 150 faecal samples of feral nutrias were collected from locations in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and examined for Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and specific DNA at the SSU, actin, HSP70, and gp60 loci.
Keywords:
kryptosporidie; nutrie; mikroskopická diagnostika; molekulární diagnostika; Cryptosporidium; nutria; microscopic diagnostic; molecular diagnostic
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
\kur{Cryptosporidium myocastoris} n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae), druh adaptovaný na nutrie (\kur{Myocastor coypus})
Kryptosporidie jsou častí paraziti obratlovců. Tato práce popisuje nový druh kryptosporidií adaptovaný na nutrie. Celkem bylo vyšetřeno 150 vzorků trusu od zdivočelých nutrií v České republice a ...
Seasonality and weather conditions jointly drive flight activity patterns of aquatic and terrestrial chironomids
VEBROVÁ, Lucie
2021 - English
Dispersal by flight is crucial for long-term survival of organisms inhabiting dynamic environments, especially small standing waters. Surprisingly, flight activity of the most abundant macroinvertebrate group in standing freshwater habitats, the Chironomidae, has rarely been studied, leaving a gap in our understanding of the environmental drivers of their dispersal activity. The goal of this study was to investigate flight activity of adult chironomids on diel and seasonal timescales in sandpit pools in the Czech Republic. We show that aquatic and terrestrial chironomids use partly alternating time windows for their flight and partly differ in their responses to weather conditions. We also compare our results to previous studies that analysed the impact of weather conditions on flight activity of aquatic insects.
Keywords:
Aquatic insects; Dispersal; Seasonality; Environmental conditions; Collinearity; Chironomid adults
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Seasonality and weather conditions jointly drive flight activity patterns of aquatic and terrestrial chironomids
Dispersal by flight is crucial for long-term survival of organisms inhabiting dynamic environments, especially small standing waters. Surprisingly, flight activity of the most abundant ...
Prevalence of bacteriocins and their co-association with virulence factors within Pseudomonas aeruginosa catheter isolates
DUFKOVÁ, Kristýna
2021 - English
Urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a serious complication in the context of urinary catheter use. P. aeruginosa are equipped with various virulence determinants that may result in increased resistance. That contributes to higher morbidity and mortality in vulnerable patients. Pyocins are proteinaceous agents produced by pseudomonads with an antimicrobial effect targeting closely related bacteria. In this study, we examined the inhibition interactions among a set of 135 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates originated from the catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Togerther with pyocinogeny, the co-occurrence of other virulence factors and their co-association with pyocins were examined. The strong antagonistic interactions and high prevalence of pyocin genes among the isolates were observed. The overall competitive interactions provide promising findings in the area of alternative antibiotic approaches. Urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a serious complication in the context of urinary catheter use. P. aeruginosa are equipped with various virulence determinants that may result in increased resistance. That contributes to higher morbidity and mortality in vulnerable patients. Pyocins are proteinaceous agents produced by pseudomonads with an antimicrobial effect targeting closely related bacteria. In this study, we examined the inhibition interactions among a set of 135 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates originated from the catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Togerther with pyocinogeny, the co-occurrence of other virulence factors and their co-association with pyocins were examined. The strong antagonistic interactions and high prevalence of pyocin genes among the isolates were observed. The overall competitive interactions provide promising findings in the area of alternative antibiotic approaches.
Keywords:
bacteriocin; pyocin; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; CAUTI; siderophores
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Prevalence of bacteriocins and their co-association with virulence factors within Pseudomonas aeruginosa catheter isolates
Urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a serious complication in the context of urinary catheter use. P. aeruginosa are equipped with various virulence determinants that may ...
Habitat use of breeding birds in Central European reed beds
ŠŤASTNÝ, Vojtěch
2021 - English
The research dealing with habitat preferences of breeding birds in the northeast of Bohemia in the Czech Republic is based on the data on bird communities from 34 wetlands ranging in size from 0.76 to 70.42 ha, and relevant environmental factors, collected within the years 2016-2017. Habitat use among wetland bird species in relation to these factors has been compared and their effect on species diversity and the proportion of specially protected species according to the Act No. 114/1992 Coll. has been tested. Finally, management that may increase attractiveness of wetlands for birds was suggested.
Keywords:
bird community; diversity; habitat use; management; protected species; wetland
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Habitat use of breeding birds in Central European reed beds
The research dealing with habitat preferences of breeding birds in the northeast of Bohemia in the Czech Republic is based on the data on bird communities from 34 wetlands ranging in size from 0.76 ...
Seed dispersal and realized gene flow of two forest orchids in a fragmented landscape
KOTILÍNEK, Milan
2021 - English
This thesis investigates the dispersal abilities of mycoheterotrophic plants represented by three orchid species. Seed trapping and gene flow study were used to examine this topic. This thesis investigates the dispersal abilities of mycoheterotrophic plants represented by three orchid species. Seed trapping and gene flow study were used to examine this topic.
Keywords:
Cephalanthera rubra; Epipactis atrorubens; fragmented landscape; gene flow; microsatellite DNA markers; seed dispersal; seed traps
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Seed dispersal and realized gene flow of two forest orchids in a fragmented landscape
This thesis investigates the dispersal abilities of mycoheterotrophic plants represented by three orchid species. Seed trapping and gene flow study were used to examine this topic....
Genome sequences of two Antarctic strains of Pseudomonas prosekii: insights into adaptation to extreme conditions
SNOPKOVÁ, Kateřina
2021 - Czech
Rod Pseudomonas obsahuje ubikvitní bakterie s vysokým biotechnologickým potenciálem. Nově popsaný druh Pseudomonas prosekii pochází ze vzorků získaných na ostrově Jamese Rosse v Antarktidě. Ačkoli lze předpokládat jeho endemismus, nebyly dosud popsány adaptační mechanismy zajišťující přežití baterie v extrémních podmínkách Antarktidy. Cílem páce bylo stanovit celogenomovou sekvenci dvou kmenů P. prosekii, genomy charakterizovat a dále se soustředit na geny související s adaptací na chlad a další stresové podmínky. V práci jsme identifikovali a analyzovali geny vázané na chladový šok a oxidační stres, osmoregulaci, produkci exopolysacharidů a sideroforů i geny související s tvorbu biofilmu. Srovnávací analýza P. prosekii a P. aeruginosa PAO1 vyzdvihla rozdíly v genomu extremofilního druhu a mezofilní oportunně patogenní bakterie. Pseudomonas is ubiquitous bacterial genus with the high biotechnological potential. Pseudomonas prosekii is species recently described from James Ross Island (Antarctica). Although its endemic lifestyle could be assumed, its low-temperature adaptation mechanisms have not yet been described and understood. Therefore, we sequenced two P. prosekii strains and performed deep genome analysis with a special respect to the genes related to cold adaptation. We identified and analyzed the genes responsible for cold shock and oxidative stress response, osmoregulation, exopolysaccharide and siderophores production, and biofilm formation. Comparative genome analysis of P. prosekii and P. aeruginosa PAO1 highlighted differences in genome content between extremophile species and a mesophilic opportunistic pathogen.
Keywords:
Pseudomonas prosekii; Antarktida; adaptace na chlad; analýza genomu; Pseudomonas prosekii; Antarctica; cold adaptation; genome-wide analysis
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Genome sequences of two Antarctic strains of Pseudomonas prosekii: insights into adaptation to extreme conditions
Rod Pseudomonas obsahuje ubikvitní bakterie s vysokým biotechnologickým potenciálem. Nově popsaný druh Pseudomonas prosekii pochází ze vzorků získaných na ostrově Jamese Rosse v Antarktidě. Ačkoli lze ...
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