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Non-holonomic planar and spatial model of a ball-type tuned mass damping device
Náprstek, Jiří; Fischer, Cyril
2017 - English
The area of tuned mass dampers is a wide field of inspiration for theoretical studies in non-linear dynamics and dynamic stability. The studies attempt to estimate behaviour of diverse damping devices and their reliability. The current paper deals with the response of a heavy ball rolling inside a spherical cavity under horizontal kinematic excitation. The non-linear system consists of six degrees of freedom with three non-holonomic constraints. The contact between the ball and the cavity surface is supposed to be perfect without any sliding. The mathematical model using the Appell-Gibbs function of acceleration energy is developed and discussed. Comparison with previous planar (SDOF) model which is based on the Lagrangian procedure is given. The system has an auto-parametric character and therefore semi-trivial solutions and their dynamic stability can be analysed. The most important post-critical regimes are outlined and qualitatively evaluated in resonance domain. Numerical experiments were performed when excitation frequency is slowly swept up and down to identify different modes of response. Some applications in civil engineering as a tuned mass damper, which can be used on slender structures, are mentioned. The proposed device is compared with a conventional pendulum damper. Strengths and weaknesses of both absorbers types are discussed.
Keywords:
tuned mass damper; moving ball; Appell-Gibbs formulation
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Non-holonomic planar and spatial model of a ball-type tuned mass damping device
The area of tuned mass dampers is a wide field of inspiration for theoretical studies in non-linear dynamics and dynamic stability. The studies attempt to estimate behaviour of diverse damping devices ...
Three-dimensional characterization of polymer foams using X-ray dark-field imaging
Senck, S.; Plank, B.; Gusenbauer, C.; Salaberger, D.; Vavřík, Daniel; Santer, W.; Kastner, J.
2017 - English
Due to the low cost, the ease of processing, and excellent material properties, polymer foams are used in various applications, e.g. packaging, building and construction, furnitures and bedding, and the automotive and aerospace sector. The mechanical response of polymer foams is primarily influenced by density and morphology. While foam density can be determined with high precision, cell morphology is more difficult to determine since the size distribution of foam cells differs in three dimensions. However, using conventional methods, e.g. optical light microscopy or scanning electron microscopy, it is very difficult to obtain three-dimensional information and to differentiate between the strut system and cell walls. An alternative for the three-dimensional characterization of foam morphology is micro-computed tomography (XCT). But even non-destructive techniques like XCT are not able to characterize anisotropic foams if the thickness of single struts and cell walls is below the physcial resolution of the respective XCT system. In this contribution we therefore investigate different polymeric foam samples using a Talbot-Lau grating interferometer XCT (TLGI-XCT) system. We show that the obtained darkfield contrast images show a high contrast and a strong signal at struts and cell walls, facilitating the segmentation of foam cells in various examples.
Keywords:
foam; micro-computed tomography; Talbot-Lau grating interferometer XCT; dark-field imaging
Fulltext is available at external website.
Three-dimensional characterization of polymer foams using X-ray dark-field imaging
Due to the low cost, the ease of processing, and excellent material properties, polymer foams are used in various applications, e.g. packaging, building and construction, furnitures and bedding, and ...
Wind-tunnel simulation of thermally unstable atmospheric flow in complex terrain
Pospíšil, Stanislav; Kuznetsov, Sergeii; Kozmar, H.; Michalcová, V.
2017 - English
The paper presents the characteristics of thermal effects in wind-tunnel simulations of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flow developing above complex terrain. The differences and instable stratification effects between the windward and leeward sides of a hill model were investigated for different wind characteristics. Particularly, the buoyancy effects on the structure of the ABL simulation in a wide range of stability conditions expressed by Richardson number are studied.
Keywords:
instable stratification; wind tunnel; Richardson number
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Wind-tunnel simulation of thermally unstable atmospheric flow in complex terrain
The paper presents the characteristics of thermal effects in wind-tunnel simulations of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flow developing above complex terrain. The differences and instable ...
Analytical approach of slender structure vibration due to random component of the wind velocity
Náprstek, Jiří; Hračov, Stanislav
2017 - English
Along wind random vibration of slender structures represents one of the most important aeroelastic effects resulting from wind - structure interaction. The theoretical model being based on one-dimensional elements with continuously distributed mass and stiffness has been introduced in this paper. The system has been considered to be linear self-adjoint with strongly non-proportional linear damping due to both material of the structure and presence of vibration dampers. The additive random excitation continuously distributed in time and space is Gaussian, therefore the response is Gaussian as well. Consequently, mathematical mean value and correlation function are satisfactory for the full description of the generalized solution of the respective PDE in the stochastic meaning. The general results have been obtained mostly in the form of analytical formulae for important cases of input spectral densities. A numerical example dealing with real structure is presented.
Keywords:
random vibrations; slender structures; wind load; non-proportional damping; distributed-parameter systems
Fulltext is available at external website.
Analytical approach of slender structure vibration due to random component of the wind velocity
Along wind random vibration of slender structures represents one of the most important aeroelastic effects resulting from wind - structure interaction. The theoretical model being based on ...
Research report 2013-11-18 Calcite SSS6
Kumpová, Ivana; Vopálenský, Michal; Vavřík, Daniel
2017 - English
Porosity was measured on a irregular sample of calcite, designated Calcite_SSS6, using the TORATOM device in the Centre of Excellence Telč.
Keywords:
calcite; TORATOM; measuring
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Research report 2013-11-18 Calcite SSS6
Porosity was measured on a irregular sample of calcite, designated Calcite_SSS6, using the TORATOM device in the Centre of Excellence Telč.
Remarks on inverse of matrix polynomials
Fischer, Cyril; Náprstek, Jiří
2017 - English
Analysis of a non-classically damped engineering structure, which is subjected to an external excitation, leads to the solution of a system of second order ordinary differential equations. Although there exists a large variety of powerful numerical methods to accomplish this task, in some cases it is convenient to formulate the explicit inversion of the respective quadratic fundamental system. The presented contribution uses and extends concepts in matrix polynomial theory and proposes an implementation of the inversion problem.
Keywords:
matrix polynomial; polynomial eigenvalues; structural vibration
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Remarks on inverse of matrix polynomials
Analysis of a non-classically damped engineering structure, which is subjected to an external excitation, leads to the solution of a system of second order ordinary differential equations. Although ...
Creep behavior of oak pegs under tension in dry and wet conditions
Kunecký, Jiří; Kloiber, Michal; Hasníková, Hana; Hrivnák, Jaroslav; Sebera, V.; Tippner, J.; Milch, J.
2017 - English
Carpentry joints equipped with oak pegs are well suited for applications where increased moisture is not a significant factor. However, for the use in outside conditions, e.g. in the repairs of historical timber bridges, the pegs connecting the two halves of the joint may deform and change their original shape. This happens especially during long-term loading and can be augmented significantly by environmental changes. Creep behavior can play a crucial role for some types of carpentry joints, especially when precise contacts of faces in the joint are required. The paper deals with experimental testing of creep behavior of 16 mm oak pegs under dry and wet conditions loaded by the combination of shear and bending between two planks made of spruce in the direction parallel to grain. The results show that the decrease of theoretical stiffness values over time plays a significant role in the force redistribution in the joint especially due to moisture effects (drop 50-70% of the original stiffness).
Keywords:
creep; oak; pegs; dowels; tension
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Creep behavior of oak pegs under tension in dry and wet conditions
Carpentry joints equipped with oak pegs are well suited for applications where increased moisture is not a significant factor. However, for the use in outside conditions, e.g. in the repairs of ...
Research report 2013-11-08 Calcite_S12
Kumpová, Ivana; Vopálenský, Michal; Vavřík, Daniel
2017 - English
Porosity was measured on a irregular sample of calcite, designated Calcite_S12, using the TORATOM device in the Centre of Excellence Telč.
Keywords:
calcite; TORATOM; measuring
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Research report 2013-11-08 Calcite_S12
Porosity was measured on a irregular sample of calcite, designated Calcite_S12, using the TORATOM device in the Centre of Excellence Telč.
Stochastic stability of the generalized van der Pol system under random additive excitation
Náprstek, Jiří; Fischer, Cyril
2017 - English
The paper is motivated by a series of wind tunnel experiments investigating aeroelastic SDOF and TDOF section models of various shape and aeroelastic properties. It reveals that most of them can be theoretically modeled by the van der Pol – Duffing type equations or their combination adjusting degree of individual nonlinear terms or their coefficients. It should be emphasized that this character of the system response is very stable and is obvious in linear as well as in weakly nonlinear domain when the post-critical effect emerges. Moreover, many special effects identified by an experimental way evoke properties recognized in the pure theory of differential equations.
Keywords:
wind tunnel experiment; random excitation; stochastic stability
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Stochastic stability of the generalized van der Pol system under random additive excitation
The paper is motivated by a series of wind tunnel experiments investigating aeroelastic SDOF and TDOF section models of various shape and aeroelastic properties. It reveals that most of them can be ...
Using homogenization and nanoindentation for microfibril angle determination of spruce
Kucíková, L.; Hrbek, Vladimír; Vorel, J.; Šejnoha, M.
2017 - English
This paper is concerned with the evaluation of microfibril angle of spruce. The microfibril angle is defined as an inclination of microfibrils from the longitudinal axis, the direction of lumens. It is well known and further supported by the present study that the microfibril angle has a great influence on the final mechanical properties of wood. This angle could be measured either directly using, e.g. polarisation microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, or indirectly, as used in this study, by employing the nanoindentation measurements. Therein, the measured indentation modulus is compared with that obtained numerically using the anisotropic theory of indentation. The latter one depends on the entire stiffness matrix derived through homogenization and the searched microfibril angle. In view of the cell wall microstructure, the effective cell properties were found using the two-step micromechanical homogenization adopting both the Self-consistent and Mori-Tanaka methods.
Keywords:
spruce; nanoindentation; microfibril angle; homogenization
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Using homogenization and nanoindentation for microfibril angle determination of spruce
This paper is concerned with the evaluation of microfibril angle of spruce. The microfibril angle is defined as an inclination of microfibrils from the longitudinal axis, the direction of lumens. It ...
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