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ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF SELECTED NANOPARTICLES AS REVEALED BY DOUBLING TIME OF TREATED ANTHOMONAS CAMESTRIS PV. CAMPESTRIS CULTURES
Pečenka, J.; Svobodová, Kateřina; Eichmeier, A.; Baránek, M.
2016 - English
Besides many possibilities of applications of nanoparticles in the field of medicine, diagnostics, molecular biology, bioorganic chemistry or remediation of environment, there is also a potential of employment of nanoparticles as a tool for elimination and control of bacteria invading plant tissue. In this experiment an antibacterial activity of selected nanoparticles based on silver, gold and bimetallic silver/copper was tested on bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) (strain 1279a). The strongest inhibitory effect represented by doubling time of treated cultures was measured in the presence of the smallest silver nanoparticles (9 nm) at the highest concentration (5 ppm).
Keywords:
nanoparticles; Xanthomonas campestris; doubling time
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF SELECTED NANOPARTICLES AS REVEALED BY DOUBLING TIME OF TREATED ANTHOMONAS CAMESTRIS PV. CAMPESTRIS CULTURES
Besides many possibilities of applications of nanoparticles in the field of medicine, diagnostics, molecular biology, bioorganic chemistry or remediation of environment, there is also a potential of ...
UNICELLULAR ALGA CHLORELLA AS A FEED SUPPLEMENT, CURRENT EXPERIENCE AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Kotrbáček, V.; Doucha, Jiří; Kuchařová, V.; Doubek, J.
2016 - English
n experiments with farm animals we studied the effect of Chlorella biomass as a feed supplement. In laying hens we found that diet supplemented with 1 % (i.e. 10 g/kg) of dry disintegrated heterotrophically grown Chlorella biomass significantly increased content of carotenoids in egg yolks of 8 experimental animals already after the first week of supplementation (P<0,01). Compared to 8 control hens these differences remained significantly higher until the end of the eight-week experiment. The average carotenoid concentration was 17,3 mu g per g of yolk in control group and 25,3 mu g per g of yolk in experimental animals (P<0,01). Autotrophically grown Chlorella was supplemented to the 30 gilts one month prior the expected first heat in a dose of 1,5 g per animal per day. These sows entered heat earlier and the number of pregnancy was higher in comparison to the 30 control animals. Other studies observed digestibility of selenium organically bound in Se-enriched Chlorella. The level of selenium in blood, colostrum and also tissues of new born piglets was determined. Group of 8 sows was supplemented with Se-enriched alga during the pregnancy and 3 days after parturition at a dose of 0,3 mg of selenium per 1 kg of feed. The same amount of selenium in the form of sodium selenite was administrated to the control group of 8 individuals. Organic form of selenium significantly increased concentration of Se in blood of sows and colostrum (P<0,05). Piglets born to supplemented sows had also significantly higher level of Se in heart, muscles and liver (P<0.01). The use of fresh Chlorella biomass produced outdoors on a dairy farm was experimentally tested. Location near biogas station enables utilization of flue gas as a source of carbon for algal photosynthesis. The liquid fresh biomass applied to dairy cows during the pregnancy at a dose of 15 g dry mass per cow increased the dry matter content in colostrum from 17,5 g per 100 ml of colostrum in control group to 20,5 g per 100 ml of colostrum in supplemented cows (P<0,05). This pilot experiment demonstrated possibilities of cheaper Chlorella production and its use in ruminant nutrition.
Keywords:
Chlorella; feed supplement; flue gas utilization
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
UNICELLULAR ALGA CHLORELLA AS A FEED SUPPLEMENT, CURRENT EXPERIENCE AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
n experiments with farm animals we studied the effect of Chlorella biomass as a feed supplement. In laying hens we found that diet supplemented with 1 % (i.e. 10 g/kg) of dry disintegrated ...
BIOGENIC AND SYNTHETIC AMORPHOUS SILICA - COMPARE AND INTERACTION WITH BACTERIAL SYSTEMS
Fijalkowski, M.; Adach, K.; Marešová, Helena; Kroisová, D.
2015 - English
The aim of the work is to compare the biogenic silica nanoparticles, which have been isolated from rice husks with synthetically produced silica brand Cab-O-Sil LM-150. The comparison is based on an evaluation of the two systems from the point of view of chemical composition, particle size and structure, ability to form clusters of particles and interactions with selected bacterial systems. Methods used for comparison were: SEM, EDX, TEM, FTIR, ICPOES and bacteriological tests. Husks are standardly contaminated by accompanying ions that are important for plant growth, but undesirable for obtaining a quality product. Rice husk used for the silica isolation were purified by boiling in 10% HCl for 2 hours. Rice husks were then washed with distilled water until pH 7. The dried and purified husks were burned in an oven at 650 degrees C of ramping temperature 10 degrees C/min during 2 hours. The obtained product has a chemical composition analogous to the synthetic product. Biogenic particles reach a size of about 20 nm, about 10 nm synthetic. Both materials have an amorphous structure. Interaction with bacterial systems was performed with Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli W3110 strain and Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus. In both cases analogous behaviour was observed depending on the concentration of nanoparticles and reducing the growth rate of cultures of 8% for E. coli and 5% for B. cereus resulted nanoparticles at the concentration of 150 mg/litter of medium.
Keywords:
Biogenic silica; synthetic silica; chemical composition
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
BIOGENIC AND SYNTHETIC AMORPHOUS SILICA - COMPARE AND INTERACTION WITH BACTERIAL SYSTEMS
The aim of the work is to compare the biogenic silica nanoparticles, which have been isolated from rice husks with synthetically produced silica brand Cab-O-Sil LM-150. The comparison is based on an ...
Gut microbiome and colorectal cancer
Tlaskalová-Hogenová, Helena; Klimešová, Klára; Zákostelská, Zuzana; Kverka, Miloslav; Hornová, Michaela; Vannucci, Luca; Štěpánková, Renata; Hudcovic, Tomáš; Kozáková, Hana; Rossmann, Pavel
2014 - English
The work deals with metagenomic approaches that are currently being used to decipher the genome of the microbiota (microbiome), and, in parallel, functional studies are being performed to analyze the effects of microbiota on the host.
Keywords:
gut; colorectal; cancer
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Gut microbiome and colorectal cancer
The work deals with metagenomic approaches that are currently being used to decipher the genome of the microbiota (microbiome), and, in parallel, functional studies are being performed to analyze the ...
BATCH BIOREACTORS: WASTE WATER ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR BIODEGRADATION BY WHITE ROT FUNGI
Křesinová, Zdena; Cajthaml, Tomáš
2013 - English
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are members of a broad class of environmental organopollutants which are present in the environment. Due to the widespread presence in the surface water and wastewater, and their negative endocrine disrupting activity even at very low concentration, these EDs have received an increased attention in water quality management and health care. EDs encompass a variety of substances, including mammalian hormones (estrogens, androgens) and anthropogenic chemicals
Keywords:
organopollutants
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
BATCH BIOREACTORS: WASTE WATER ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR BIODEGRADATION BY WHITE ROT FUNGI
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are members of a broad class of environmental organopollutants which are present in the environment. Due to the widespread presence in the surface water and wastewater, and ...
TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON DESORPTION AND DETERMINATION OF BIOACCESSIBLE PAHS
Čvančarová, Monika; Pokorná, Lenka; Velebová, R.; Najmanová, P.; Cajthaml, Tomáš
2013 - English
Hydrophobic organic pollutants tend to adsorb onto soil particles which can cause a significant decrease in their bioaccessible fractions. Definition of the bioaccessibility is currently not unified; however it represents a part of total PAHs amount which is potentially available for biological processes. It is an important parameter which can be used for prediction of microbial degradation and environmental risk evaluation. This paper studies desorption behavior of PAHs at 20 and 60˚C. The desorption of PAHs from long-term contaminated soils was evaluated using resin Amberlite XAD- 2. A two-phase desorption model was used to calculate the desorption kinetic curves and F fractions which represent bioaccessible amount of PAHs. The results showed that the desorption of PAHs was significantly influenced by temperature. The greatest differences in the desorption behavior were observed at 5–6 ring PAHs. We compared the F fractions and the rate constants of individual PAHs which were determined at 20 and 60˚C. The results were also compared with sequential supercritical fluid extraction which has been already used for prediction of microbial degradation.
Keywords:
pahs
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON DESORPTION AND DETERMINATION OF BIOACCESSIBLE PAHS
Hydrophobic organic pollutants tend to adsorb onto soil particles which can cause a significant decrease in their bioaccessible fractions. Definition of the bioaccessibility is currently not unified; ...
ENDOCRINE DISUPTIVE CHEMICALS: MECHANISMS OF WHITE ROT FUNGI BIODEGRADATION
Cajthaml, Tomáš; Křesinová, Zdena; Čvančarová, Monika; Maternová, H.; Filipová, A.
2013 - English
The main aim of this study was to elucidate mechanisms involved in EE2 and other EDs compounds degradation by white rot fungi. Results showed simultaneous involvement of ligninolytic enzymes and cytochrome P-450 in biodegradation. The present results indicate the advantage of utilization of WRF cultures for organopollutants degradation.
Keywords:
biodegradation
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
ENDOCRINE DISUPTIVE CHEMICALS: MECHANISMS OF WHITE ROT FUNGI BIODEGRADATION
The main aim of this study was to elucidate mechanisms involved in EE2 and other EDs compounds degradation by white rot fungi. Results showed simultaneous involvement of ligninolytic enzymes and ...
A NOVEL BIOAUGMENTATION APPROACH IN BIODEGRADATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN CONTAMINATED SOIL
Lhotský, O.; Filipová, Alena; Innemanová, P.; Velebová, R.; Cajthaml, Tomáš
2013 - English
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) belong among organic compounds that accumulate in the environment mainly resulting from human activities. Because of their potentially negative effects on human health, methods of their removal from the environment are intensively studied. In this work, a biodegradation method of bioaugmentation based on sequential stepwise mixing of inoculated soil with non inoculated soil was used. The subject of this work was an application of a bacterial consortium on a real contaminated (7399 mg.kg-1 of PAHs) soil. 8 bacterial strains isolated from other contaminated sites were inoculated. DNA was isolated from the samples during the inoculation process and the degradation of PAHs was monitored after 4 months.
Keywords:
soil
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
A NOVEL BIOAUGMENTATION APPROACH IN BIODEGRADATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN CONTAMINATED SOIL
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) belong among organic compounds that accumulate in the environment mainly resulting from human activities. Because of their potentially negative effects on human ...
Microalgae Chlorella sp. as an Alternative Source of Fermentable Sugars
Maršálková, B.; Širmerová, M.; Kuřec, M.; Brányik, T.; Brányiková, Irena; Melzoch, K.; Zachleder, Vilém
2010 - English
The aim of this work was to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch originating from microalgae (34.0 +/- 1.2% wt. starch in the dry algal biomass) grown on flue gas from waste incineration plant and to study the influence cell disintegration method on the yield of hydrolysis. Apart from the starch, the possibility of cellulose usage from microalgae cell wall as a further source of fermentable sugars was studied and preliminary results are presented.
Keywords:
Flue-gas; Biofuels; Photobioredactor
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Microalgae Chlorella sp. as an Alternative Source of Fermentable Sugars
The aim of this work was to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch originating from microalgae (34.0 +/- 1.2% wt. starch in the dry algal biomass) grown on flue gas from waste incineration plant ...
Litter decomposition in a primary succession chronosequence on brown coal mine deposits
Urbanová, Michaela; Valášková, Vendula; Šnajdr, Jaroslav; Baldrian, Petr
2009 - English
Litter decomposition in a primary succession chronosequence on brown coal mine deposits varies along with the successional age of the site
Keywords:
soil; enzyme; succesion
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Litter decomposition in a primary succession chronosequence on brown coal mine deposits
Litter decomposition in a primary succession chronosequence on brown coal mine deposits varies along with the successional age of the site
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