No (192)
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Genus Melogona Cook, 1895 (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Chordeumatidae) in Slovakia
Mock, A.; Tajovský, Karel
2002 - English
The genus Melogona Cook, 1895 involves millipede species widely distributed in Europe both in natural and synanthropic habitats. Nevertheless the information about distribution of individual representatives of this genus are still fragmentary and incomplete. In comparison with surrounding Central European countries, there were no records about these millipedes in Slovakia to date. Due to intense faunistic and ecological research in several last years, there were obtained the first data about the distribution and ecology of three species of this genus on the territory of Slovakia and preliminary results were summarised. Melogona broelemanni and Melogona voigti were recorded in man influenced habitats, while Melogona transsilvanica was found in natural localities.
Keywords:
millipedes; Melogona; Slovakia
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Genus Melogona Cook, 1895 (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Chordeumatidae) in Slovakia
The genus Melogona Cook, 1895 involves millipede species widely distributed in Europe both in natural and synanthropic habitats. Nevertheless the information about distribution of individual ...
Mycotic flora in vermicultures and intestines of Eisenia andrei
Nováková, Alena; Pižl, Václav
2002 - English
In spring and autumn 2000, microscopic fungi associated with fresh and processed substrates and with the intestines of Eisenia andrei were studied in three vermiculture plants differing in their productivity. 119 species and 6 forms of microscopic fungi were isolated. Of those, 97 taxa were recorded from vermiculture substrates and 76 taxa from worm intestines. In vermiculture substrates, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium expansum and P. roquefortii were dominant among taxa isolated by soil dilution plate method, and Rhizopus stolonifer was most frequently isolated by soil washing technique. A. fumigatus, Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides and P. expansum predominated in the intestines of earthworms. Processed vermiculture substrates regularly yielded higher numbers of cultivable micromycetes (CFU-counts) than fresh ones. The CFU-counts of earthworm intestines were close to those of processed substrates in two vermiculture plants studied. In the third plant, however, intestinal CFU-count was the same as that found in fresh vermiculture substrate.
Keywords:
microscopic fungi; Eisenia andrei; vermicultures
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Mycotic flora in vermicultures and intestines of Eisenia andrei
In spring and autumn 2000, microscopic fungi associated with fresh and processed substrates and with the intestines of Eisenia andrei were studied in three vermiculture plants differing in their ...
Potential sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids for saprophagous soil invertebrates
Elhottová, Dana; Frouz, Jan; Krištůfek, Václav; Lukešová, Alena; Nováková, Alena; Tříska, Jan
2002 - English
Main sources of important nutritionally compounds - polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) essential in soils animal diet were compared. The highest concentration of PUFA was found in cyanobacteria (namely Antarctic strain Pseudophormidium sp.), followed by fresh litter, algae, fungi and decomposed litter. The PUFA occurrence in bacteria including actinomycetes was rare. Leaf litter is the most important source of PUFA for soil invertebrates in regards to both PUFA concentration and occurrence in soil. The stage of litter decomposition significantly affected the content of all 13 detected PUFA. The total PUFA content decreased significantly during litter decomposition. Enrichment in certain PUFA was observed in the latest stages of litter decomposition, indicating that the soil microflora improves the nutritional value of the decaying ĺitter.
Keywords:
polyunsaturated fatty acids; soil microorganisms; animal diet
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Potential sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids for saprophagous soil invertebrates
Main sources of important nutritionally compounds - polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) essential in soils animal diet were compared. The highest concentration of PUFA was found in cyanobacteria ...
Soil macrofauna (Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Oniscidea) in a pine forest disturbed by wildfire
Tajovský, Karel
2002 - English
The effect of wildfire on the soil invertebrate assemblages was studied after a large-scale fire in 1992 in the secondary pine forests in the Záhorie Lowland, Western Slovakia. Two plots differently affected by fire and one control plot with non-burned pine plantation were investigated during 1993-1995 for soil macrofauna. Soil sampling and pitfall trapping were used and parameters of millipede, centipede and terrestrial isopod assemblages were analyzed in detail. Among the soil macrofauna no survivors were found after the fire. Animal groups possessing a higher ability of migration (e.g. ants, larvae and adults of Diptera and Coleoptera) represented the first colonizers of the completely burned out pine plots. Centipedes, the representatives of predators, migrated and recolonized the open burned out plots more rapidly than saprophagous millipedes and terrestrial isopods, even they formed specific and relatively stable populations in non-disturbed surrounding plantations. Successional development of less disturbed plot was characterized by presence of some millipede and isopod species already during the first year after the fire event. These species (esp. the millipedes Cylindroiulus boleti and Proteroiulus fuscus) represent subcorticolous inhabitants, which explain their higher ability to survive the fire. The slow restoration processes after the wildfire should be attributed more to the destruction and elimination of litter layers and the above ground vegetation cover, rather than to the immediate eradication of soil animal assemblages, since most of them were completely absent after the fire event.
Keywords:
soil macrofauna; wildfire; restoration; restaurování
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Soil macrofauna (Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Oniscidea) in a pine forest disturbed by wildfire
The effect of wildfire on the soil invertebrate assemblages was studied after a large-scale fire in 1992 in the secondary pine forests in the Záhorie Lowland, Western Slovakia. Two plots differently ...
Earthworm communities in spruce forest soils - effects of some natural and anthropogenic factors
Pižl, Václav
2002 - English
Earthworm fauna was analysed and compared in 22 natural and man-made spruce forests located in seven regions of the Czech Republic. 14 species of earthworms were identified; among which acidotolerant epigeic species Dendrobaena octaedra, D. illyrica, Dendrodrilus rubidus, Dendrobaena vejdovskyi and Lumbricus rubellus were most frequently recorded. Poor earthworm communities (1-4 species, density 1,2 - 38,4 ind.m-2) inhabited majority of sites. Nevertheless, strong differences occured in their species composition reflecting both the geographical position of sites and the origin of individual forests. Higher density and/or per-site number, of species were always connected with the presence of specific habitats such as water sources, brooks, wood or bark heaps, etc. Earthworm faunas in damaged mountain spruce forests tended to be more abundant than in undamaged forests and to have higher number of species. Denser earthworm populations developed at sites where dead trees were left than at clear-cut ones.
Keywords:
earthworms; spruce forests; forest dieback
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Earthworm communities in spruce forest soils - effects of some natural and anthropogenic factors
Earthworm fauna was analysed and compared in 22 natural and man-made spruce forests located in seven regions of the Czech Republic. 14 species of earthworms were identified; among which acidotolerant ...
Bioindikace změn v půdním mikrobiálním společenstvu pomocí analýzy lipidických biomarkerů
Elhottová, Dana
2002 - Czech
V této studii jsou diskutovány možnosti aplikace analýzy lipidických biomarkerů pro vytvoření integrovaného pohledu na půdní mikrobiální společenstvo. Současně jsou zde porovnávány výhody a nevýhody této metody. In this study the possibilities of microbial fatty acids profiles application for the integrated view on soil microbial community are discussed as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.
Keywords:
soil microbial community; microbial fatty acids profiles
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Bioindikace změn v půdním mikrobiálním společenstvu pomocí analýzy lipidických biomarkerů
V této studii jsou diskutovány možnosti aplikace analýzy lipidických biomarkerů pro vytvoření integrovaného pohledu na půdní mikrobiální společenstvo. Současně jsou zde porovnávány výhody a nevýhody ...
Comparison of soil nematode communities in spruce forests of the Žofín woodland area (Novohradské hory Mts.) and the upper Vydra river basin (Šumava Mts.), Czech Republic
Háněl, Ladislav
2002 - English
Soil nematodes were studied in two spruce forests at the Žofín National Nature Reserve and in three spruce forests of the upper Vydra river basin, National Park Šumava, in South Bohemia. The total mean abundance of nematodes in the spruce forests ranged from 863 to 4877x10 3 ind.m-2 with variation from 231 to 6947x10 3 ind.m-2 on individual sampling dates. The most abundant nematode genera were root-fungal feeding Filenchus (48,3% of all nematode individuals in the spruce forests studied), bacterivorous Plectus (11,2%), and omnivorous Eudorylaimus (8,5%). The lowest abundance but the greatest variety of nematodes was found in a waterlogged spruce forests at the Žofín Reserve whereas the greatest abundance of nematodes occurred in the spruce forests of the Vydra river basin. The nematode fauna in the two regions compared showed particular differences, especially in the groups of bacterivorous, plant parasitic and predatory species.
Keywords:
Nematoda; spruce forests; community structure
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Comparison of soil nematode communities in spruce forests of the Žofín woodland area (Novohradské hory Mts.) and the upper Vydra river basin (Šumava Mts.), Czech Republic
Soil nematodes were studied in two spruce forests at the Žofín National Nature Reserve and in three spruce forests of the upper Vydra river basin, National Park Šumava, in South Bohemia. The total ...
Společenstva půdních krytenek (Protozoa, Rhizopoda) z Národní přírodní rezervace Žofínský prales (Novohradské hory, Česká republika)
Balík, Vladimír
2002 - Czech
Fauna půdních a mechových krytenek Národní přírodní rezervace Žofínský prales v Novohradských horách byla studována v letech 1988 a 1997-1999. Celkem zde bylo zjištěno 197 druhů, variet a forem krytenek, což řadí tuto rezervaci z hlediska krytenek k faunisticky nejbohatším územím České republiky. Na základě cenologického rozboru primárních dat a na základě použití shlukové a ordinační analýzy zde byla určena čtyři základní společenstva krytenek: společenstvo bukového lesa, společenstvo acidofilního smrkového lesa, společenstvo podmáčeného smrkového lesa a společenstvo mechových polštářů na povrchu půdy, na padlých kmenech stromů a velkých kamenech. V rámci těchto čtyř základních společenstev krytenek byl studovám vliv mikrostanovišť charakterizovaných rozdílným bylinným patrem a mikroklimatem na kvalitativní a kvantitativní parametry čtyř základních společenstev krytenek. Nebyl však zjištěn statisticky průkazný vliv těchto mikrostanovišť. The soil and moss testate amoebae fauna of the National Nature Reserve Žofínský prales in the Novohradské hory Mts. was investigated in the years 1988 and 1997-1999. In total 197 testate amoebae species, varieties and forms were determined here. National Nature Reserve Žofínský prales belong from faunistical point of view to the richest areas in the Czech Republic. On the basis of coenological analysis of the primary data set and on the basis of application of the cluster and ordination analyses were determined here four basic testate amoebae assemblages: beech forest assemblage, acidophilous spruce forest assemblage, wet spruce forest assemblage and assemblage of moss carpets on soil, fallen trunks and big stones. In these four basic testate amoebae assemblages was studied the influence of microhabitats characterised by different plant undergrowth and different microclimatic conditions on qualitative and quantitative parameters of these testate amoebae assemblages. No significant impact of these microhabitats was determined.
Keywords:
testate amoebae; assemblages; Žofínský prales
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Společenstva půdních krytenek (Protozoa, Rhizopoda) z Národní přírodní rezervace Žofínský prales (Novohradské hory, Česká republika)
Fauna půdních a mechových krytenek Národní přírodní rezervace Žofínský prales v Novohradských horách byla studována v letech 1988 a 1997-1999. Celkem zde bylo zjištěno 197 druhů, variet a forem ...
Testate amoebae (Protozoa) in soils of restored flowery meadows in the Bílé Karpaty Mts. (Czech Republic)
Balík, Vladimír
2002 - English
Soil testate amoebae assemblages were studied in the years 1999-2000 on six differently managed plots in the Bílé Karpaty Mts., South Moravia, Czech Republic. Four experimental plots with different plant cover established on the abandoned field and one conventionally cultivated field plot were investigated at the locality Výzkum. The plot with natural flowery meadow (control plot) was studied at the locality Čertoryje. 25 testate amoebae species were found in all five plots studied on the locality Výzkum. The testate amoebae assemblages were dominated by Cyclopyxis eurystoma var. parvula in 1999 and by Plagiopyxis declivis in 2000. The main coenological parameters increased rapidly during the observed years except for the cultivated field. On the control plot at the Čertoryje locality, 26 testate amoebae species were recorded. The testate amoebae assemblage on this plot was typical for the dry meadows of the warmer areas and was dominated by the Plagiopyxis declivis, Euglypha laevis and Trinema lineare. Values of the coenological parameters studied were typical for such type of habitat. Based on the obtained results, there was evident that the testate amoebae assemblages on experimental plots at the locality Výzkum developed very rapidly and their development tend to the composition characteristic for the old flowery meadows in the Bílé Karpaty Mts. No significant differences in the parameters of the testate amoebae assemblage were established among individual differently managed experimental plots, which situation probably reflects the short period of investigation.
Keywords:
testate amoebae; flowery meadows; restoration; restaurování
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Testate amoebae (Protozoa) in soils of restored flowery meadows in the Bílé Karpaty Mts. (Czech Republic)
Soil testate amoebae assemblages were studied in the years 1999-2000 on six differently managed plots in the Bílé Karpaty Mts., South Moravia, Czech Republic. Four experimental plots with different ...
Studies on Soil Fauna in Central Europe, Proceedings of the 6th Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology
Tajovský, Karel; Balík, Vladimír; Pižl, Václav
2002 - English
The 6th Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology was held in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, in April 23-25, 2001. At the workshop, attended by 58 participants from Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, Russia and Slovakia, 49 presentations were made dealing with the results of soil zoological research carried out in Central Europe and also in Russia and Nigeria. Additionally, diverse topics of soil zoology, ecology and faunistic as well as possible cooperation between the zoologists have been discussed. Increasing numbers of students and young scientists were characteristic for the meeting. Thus the CEWSZ6 has continued in the tradition of previous five meetings held in České Budějovice since 1992 (1st - May 14-15, 1992; 2nd - September 30-October 1, 1993; 4th - April 23-24, 1997; 5th - April 27-30, 1999).
Keywords:
European workshop; soil zoology
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Studies on Soil Fauna in Central Europe, Proceedings of the 6th Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology
The 6th Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology was held in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, in April 23-25, 2001. At the workshop, attended by 58 participants from Austria, the Czech Republic, ...
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