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Setting interim deadlines to persuade
Senkov, Maxim
2022 - English
This paper studies the optimal design of self-reporting on the progress of a project by a rent-seeking agent reporting to a principal who is concerned with accomplishing the project before an exogenous deadline. The project has two stages: completing the first stage serves as a milestone and completing the second stage accomplishes the project. I show that if the project is sufficiently promising ex ante, then the agent commits to provide only the good news that the project is accomplished. If the project is not promising enough ex ante, the agent persuades the principal to start the funding by committing to provide not only good news but also the bad news that the milestone of the project has not been reached by an interim deadline.
Keywords:
dynamic Bayesian persuasion; informational incentives; interim deadline
Fulltext is available at external website.
Setting interim deadlines to persuade
This paper studies the optimal design of self-reporting on the progress of a project by a rent-seeking agent reporting to a principal who is concerned with accomplishing the project before an ...
TM03000027-V6: ESC 3 - Posouzení vlivu na přesnost navigačních systémů GNSS - Evaluation of factors influencing the GNSS positioning accuracy
Urbář, Jaroslav; Suchánek, P.; Chum, Jaroslav
2022 - English
Technická zpráva o vlivu na přesnost navigačních systémů GNSS. Získaná data k ověření vlivu na přesnost navigačních systémů GNSS při výskytu MSTID v ionosféře. \n\nTechnical report analyzing the effect of MSTIDs on an accuracy of GNSS based positioning. The analysis should be performed based on experimentally obtained data.\n
Keywords:
medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs); Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS); GADIOD; GNSS
Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
TM03000027-V6: ESC 3 - Posouzení vlivu na přesnost navigačních systémů GNSS - Evaluation of factors influencing the GNSS positioning accuracy
Technická zpráva o vlivu na přesnost navigačních systémů GNSS. Získaná data k ověření vlivu na přesnost navigačních systémů GNSS při výskytu MSTID v ionosféře. \n\nTechnical report analyzing the ...
Annular impinging jets and an active control of hysteretic effects
Devani, Yogendrasasidhar; Antošová, Zuzana; Trávníček, Zdeněk
2022 - English
An annular air jet with and without flow control was studied experimentally using flow visualization and measurements of the wall pressure and flow velocity by the Pitot and Prandtl probes and the hot-wire anemometer. To investigate flow control swirling effects, eight synthetic jets were generated from the annular nozzle center body.The experiments cover Reynolds numbers 4000–10000 (evaluated from the outer exit diameter of the annular nozzle). For Re<9000, the bistability and hysteresis were identified and two different flow field patterns (A and B) were found under the same boundary conditions. For A pattern, a small recirculation area (bubble) of separated flow is attached to the nozzle center body. For B pattern, a large recirculation area of separated flow bridges entire nozzle-to-wall distance. For higher Re > 9000, the bistability and hysteresis were not found.Flow control swirling effects causes suppression of the hysteresis. Moreover, weak flow control causes that the entire annular jet is forced into a precessing motion.
Keywords:
annular jet; impinging jet; bistability; hysteresis
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Annular impinging jets and an active control of hysteretic effects
An annular air jet with and without flow control was studied experimentally using flow visualization and measurements of the wall pressure and flow velocity by the Pitot and Prandtl probes and the ...
Sequential sampling beyond decisions? A normative model of decision confidence
Rehák, Rastislav
2022 - English
We study informational dissociations between decisions and decision confidence. We explore the consequences of a dual-system model: the decision system and confidence system have distinct goals, but share access to a source of noisy and costly information about a decision-relevant variable. The decision system aims to maximize utility while the confidence system monitors the decision system and aims to provide good feedback about the correctness of the decision. In line with existing experimental evidence showing the importance of post-decisional information in confidence formation, we allow the confidence system to accumulate information after the decision. We aim to base the post-decisional stage (used in descriptive models of confidence) in the optimal learning theory. However, we find that it is not always optimal to engage in the second stage, even for a given individual in a given decision environment. In particular, there is scope for post-decisional information acquisition only for relatively fast decisions. Hence, a strict distinction between one-stage and two-stage theories of decision confidence may be misleading because both may manifest themselves under one underlying mechanism in a non-trivial manner.
Keywords:
decision; confidence; sequential sampling
Fulltext is available at external website.
Sequential sampling beyond decisions? A normative model of decision confidence
We study informational dissociations between decisions and decision confidence. We explore the consequences of a dual-system model: the decision system and confidence system have distinct goals, but ...
Conservation standards for archaeological sites
Drdácký, Miloš; Drdácký, Tomáš; Novotný, Jakub; Přechová, Barbora
2022 - English
The report provides a set of principles for the preventive protection, conservation and management of archaeological sites exposed to the threats of global hazards, especially natural disasters and long-term weather effects.\n\n
Keywords:
conservation; archaeological sites; Danube limes monument; natural hazards; preventive measures
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Conservation standards for archaeological sites
The report provides a set of principles for the preventive protection, conservation and management of archaeological sites exposed to the threats of global hazards, especially natural disasters and ...
An equivalence between rational inattention problems and complete-information conformity games
Ilinov, Pavel; Jann, Ole
2022 - English
We consider two types of models: (i) a rational inattention problem (as known from the literature) and (ii) a conformity game, in which fully informed players find it costly to deviate from average behavior. We show that these problems are equivalent to each other both from the perspective of the participant and the outside observer: Each individual faces identical trade-offs in both situations, and an observer would not be able to distinguish the two models from the choice data they generate. We also establish when individual behavior in the conformity game maximizes welfare.
Keywords:
conformity; equivalence; rational inattention
Fulltext is available at external website.
An equivalence between rational inattention problems and complete-information conformity games
We consider two types of models: (i) a rational inattention problem (as known from the literature) and (ii) a conformity game, in which fully informed players find it costly to deviate from average ...
RBTC and human capital: accounting for individual-level responses
Kashkarov, Daniil
2022 - English
I test the contribution of individual human capital responses to earnings inequality arising in the process of the routine-biased technological change (RBTC). I develop a lifecycle model of human capital and occupational choice, calibrate it to the NLSY79 data, using the price series for human capital in abstract and routine occupations estimated from the cross-sectional CPS data with the “flat spot” approach. I then use the model to quantify the effect of a change in human capital prices on earnings inequality. I find that an increase in the price for human capital in abstract occupations and a fall in its price in routine occupations associated with RBTC has a modest contribution to the evolution of variance of log-earnings — up to 10.8 per cent by the end of the working life cycle. However, the contribution of RBTC to an increase in the abstract wage premium over the lifetime of the NLSY79 cohorts is up to 28.6 per cent. The growth of the abstract wage premium is significantly dampened by the human capital responses of workers switching from routine occupations.
Keywords:
RBTC; human capital; life-cycle modelling
Fulltext is available at external website.
RBTC and human capital: accounting for individual-level responses
I test the contribution of individual human capital responses to earnings inequality arising in the process of the routine-biased technological change (RBTC). I develop a lifecycle model of human ...
Structural mapping of exploration geotechnical boreholes walls within 2nd phase – Decline
Waclawik, Petr; Schuchová, Kristýna; Kukutsch, Radovan; Georgiou, Lucie
2022 - English
Structural-geological analysis, i.e. fracturing assessment of the walls of geotechnical boreholes (CIS38 and CIS39) within the projected Decline in lithium exploratory area was carried out on the basis of optical (OPTV) and acoustic televiewer (HiRAT) records evaluation. HiRAT and OPTV probes are part of the Robertson Geologging logging equipment. The apparatus has an electric winch with a four core logging cable, which transmits the data recorded by the probes via a data logger to a computer. The spatial data obtained from interpretation of the geotechnical boreholes records were structurally analysed. The submitted research report comprehensively summarises the findings obtained from the structural mapping of geotechnical boreholes. On the basis measured data the rock mass quality evaluation of boreholes walls were additionally done. The complex data have been allowed very precise analysis of rock mass structural conditions, which are necessary for design of opening mine working.
Keywords:
geotechnical boreholes; structural mapping; geotechnics
Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
Structural mapping of exploration geotechnical boreholes walls within 2nd phase – Decline
Structural-geological analysis, i.e. fracturing assessment of the walls of geotechnical boreholes (CIS38 and CIS39) within the projected Decline in lithium exploratory area was carried out on the ...
Spatio-Spectral EEG Patterns in the Source-Reconstructed Space and Relation to Resting-State Networks: An EEG-fMRI Study
Jiříček, Stanislav; Koudelka, V.; Mantini, D.; Mareček, R.; Hlinka, Jaroslav
2022 - English
In this work, we present and evaluate a novel EEG-fMRI integration approach combining a spatio-spectral decomposition method and a reliable source localization technique. On the large 72 subjects resting- state hdEEG-fMRI data set we tested the stability of the proposed method in terms of both extracted spatio-spectral patterns(SSPs) as well as their correspondence to the BOLD signal. We also compared the proposed method with the spatio-spectral decomposition in the electrode space as well as well-known occipital alpha correlate in terms of the explained variance of BOLD signal. We showed that the proposed method is stable in terms of extracted patterns and where they correlate with the BOLD signal. Furthermore, we show that the proposed method explains a very similar level of the BOLD signal with the other methods and that the BOLD signal in areas of typical BOLD functional networks is explained significantly more than by a chance. Nevertheless, we didn’t observe a significant relation between our source-space SSPs and the BOLD ICs when spatio-temporally comparing them. Finally, we report several the most stable source space EEG-fMRI patterns together with their interpretation and comparison to the electrode space patterns.
Keywords:
EEG-fMRI Integration; EEG-informed fMRI; Spatio-spectral Decomposition; Electrical Source Imaging; Independent Component Analysis; Resting State Networks
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Spatio-Spectral EEG Patterns in the Source-Reconstructed Space and Relation to Resting-State Networks: An EEG-fMRI Study
In this work, we present and evaluate a novel EEG-fMRI integration approach combining a spatio-spectral decomposition method and a reliable source localization technique. On the large 72 subjects ...
Naked exclusion with heterogeneous buyers
Chen, Y.; Zápal, Jan
2022 - English
We investigate the effects of buyer heterogeneity in a market in which an incumbent firm prevents entry when it signs enough exclusionary contracts with buyers. With heterogeneous buyers several well-known results in exclusionary contracting with homogenous buyers are overturned and novel ones emerge. First, inefficient equilibria exist in which exclusionary contracts are signed but entry still occurs, and the loss of consumer surplus falls on small buyers. Second, sequential contracting may be more pro-competitive than simultaneous contracting in the sense that entry occurs under sequential but not simultaneous contracting. When this happens, sequential Pareto dominates simultaneous contracting.
Keywords:
contracting with externalities; exclusionary contracts; buyer heterogeneity
Fulltext is available at external website.
Naked exclusion with heterogeneous buyers
We investigate the effects of buyer heterogeneity in a market in which an incumbent firm prevents entry when it signs enough exclusionary contracts with buyers. With heterogeneous buyers several ...
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