No (11867)
Yes (2889)
Number of found documents:
14756
Published from
to
Financial skills and search in the mortgage market
Cota, Marta; Šterc, Ante
2024 - English
Are households with low financial skills disadvantaged in the mortgage market? Using stochastic record linking, we construct a unique U.S. dataset encompassing a rich set of mortgage details and borrowers’ characteristics, including their objective financial literacy measure. We find that households with low financial literacy are up to 4% more likely to search less and lock in at 15-20 b.p. higher rates. Upon origination, unskilled borrowers face a 35-45% higher mortgage delinquency and end up with a 30% lower likelihood of refinancing. Overall, for a $100,000 loan, the potential losses from low financial literacy are more than $9,329 over the mortgage duration. To understand how financial education, more accessible mortgages, or mortgage rate changes affect households with low financial literacy, we formulate and calibrate a mortgage search model with heterogeneous search frictions and endogenous financial skills. Our model estimates show that search intensity and financial skill variations contribute to 55% and 10% of mortgage rate variations, respectively. We find that i) more accessible mortgages lead to a higher delinquency risk among low-skilled households, ii) financial education mitigates the adverse effects of increased accessibility, and iii) low mortgage rates favor high-skilled homeowners and, by reinforcing refinancing activity, deepen consumption differences across different financial skill levels.
Keywords:
mortgage refinancing; mortgage search; financial skills
Fulltext is available at external website.
Financial skills and search in the mortgage market
Are households with low financial skills disadvantaged in the mortgage market? Using stochastic record linking, we construct a unique U.S. dataset encompassing a rich set of mortgage details and ...
Some modifications of the limited-memory variable metric optimization methods
Vlček, Jan; Lukšan, Ladislav
2023 - English
Several modifications of the limited-memory variable metric (or quasi-Newton) line search methods for large scale unconstrained optimization are investigated. First the block version of the symmetric rank-one (SR1) update formula is derived in a similar way as for the block BFGS update in Vlˇcek and Lukˇsan (Numerical Algorithms 2019). The block SR1 formula is then modified to obtain an update which can reduce the required number of arithmetic operations per iteration. Since it usually violates the corresponding secant conditions, this update is combined with the shifting investigated in Vlˇcek and Lukˇsan (J. Comput. Appl. Math. 2006). Moreover, a new efficient way how to realize the limited-memory shifted BFGS method is proposed. For a class of methods based on the generalized shifted economy BFGS update, global convergence is established. A numerical comparison with the standard L-BFGS and BNS methods is given.
Keywords:
unconstrained minimization; variable metric methods; limited-memory methods; variationally derived methods; arithmetic operations reduction; global convergence
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Some modifications of the limited-memory variable metric optimization methods
Several modifications of the limited-memory variable metric (or quasi-Newton) line search methods for large scale unconstrained optimization are investigated. First the block version of the symmetric ...
Utilization of electrochemically induced cleavage of various sulfonimides
Salvadori, Karolína
2023 - English
In this work, we describe the unexpected electrochemical cleavage of sulfonimides, providing a direct pathway to corresponding sulfonamides. For this purpose, 16 substances were synthesized and tested, reflecting the influence of different electron effects of -SO2Ph-R substituents, and the impact of the number of nosyl units present in molecules. In the case of octakis-nosylated calixarenes, the electrochemical cleavage via direct potential-controlled electrolysis was compared with conventional organic synthetic procedures. After electrolysis, all prepared sulfonamides were isolated in excellent yields.
Keywords:
sulfonimides; green chemistry procedures; electrochemisty
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Utilization of electrochemically induced cleavage of various sulfonimides
In this work, we describe the unexpected electrochemical cleavage of sulfonimides, providing a direct pathway to corresponding sulfonamides. For this purpose, 16 substances were synthesized and ...
Green approach for the preparation of biosourced ionic liquids and the study of their thermodynamic properties\n
Souvenir Zafindrajaona, Mahasoa-Salina
2023 - English
This presentation will address a green approach to the synthesis of ionic liquids qualified as biosourced (monocatenar or bolaform systems) from specific agro-resources, according to several principles of green chemistry. As these solvents could be used to solubilize lignocellulosic biomass and/or extract bioactive compounds (from plant sourcing), the physicochemical characteristics (density, viscosity and heat capacity) of pure ILs or mixtures of IL/water must be determined. Preliminary results concerning this last point will be presented.
Keywords:
biosourced ionic liquids; lignocellulosic biomass; thermodynamic properties
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Green approach for the preparation of biosourced ionic liquids and the study of their thermodynamic properties\n
This presentation will address a green approach to the synthesis of ionic liquids qualified as biosourced (monocatenar or bolaform systems) from specific agro-resources, according to several ...
Cultivation of Limnospira maxima and utilization of its fresh biomass in human nutrition
Vásquez, Claudia
2023 - English
This work aims to enhance productivity, efficiency and sustainability of L. maxima cultivation as well as to determine the safe microbiological conditions for the nutritional use of fresh spirulina biomass. Various parameters such as light intensity, light spectral composition, temperature, pH, CO2, and culture media composition can be optimized. A series of experiments were performed to find the most suitable configuration to cultivate L. maxima, defined by cyanobacterium productivity and yield as well as other metabolites production such as phycocyanin (C-PC) and carotenoids.
Keywords:
Limnospira maxima; fresh biomass; human nutrition
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Cultivation of Limnospira maxima and utilization of its fresh biomass in human nutrition
This work aims to enhance productivity, efficiency and sustainability of L. maxima cultivation as well as to determine the safe microbiological conditions for the nutritional use of fresh spirulina ...
Organic fluorine content and change during thermal treatmen
Hušek, Matěj
2023 - English
We have previously described how pyrolysis affected the content of selected PFAS representatives.4,5 However, we could not determine with certainty whether they were merely cleaved or mineralised. Therefore, we focused on the change in organic fluorine content (part of PFAS) and analysed its thermal behaviour in inert (sea sand) and heterogeneous (sewage sludge) material.
Keywords:
organic fluorine; sewage sludge; thermal treatment
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Organic fluorine content and change during thermal treatmen
We have previously described how pyrolysis affected the content of selected PFAS representatives.4,5 However, we could not determine with certainty whether they were merely cleaved or mineralised. ...
Separation of exosomes from polydisperse suspension in microfluidic devices
Paříková, Anna
2023 - English
The work included fine-tuning the experimental methodology, writing an in-house code for exosome tracking based on a one-way\napproach, and performing a parametric study to investigate the separation potential of the microdevice as a function of channel geometry, flow rate, and viscosity. Preliminary results show that viscoelasticmicrofluidics can be used as an alternative to conventional e xosome separation techniques.
Keywords:
separation techniques; exosomes; microfluidic devices
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Separation of exosomes from polydisperse suspension in microfluidic devices
The work included fine-tuning the experimental methodology, writing an in-house code for exosome tracking based on a one-way\napproach, and performing a parametric study to investigate the separation ...
HIGHLY-TIME RESOLVED ELEMENTAL SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF PM2.5 AT AN URBAN TRAFFIC SITE IN PRAGUE
Windell, Laurence Christian; Pokorná, Petra; Ondráček, Jakub; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Lhotka, Radek; Vodička, Petr; Zíková, Naděžda; Hopke, P.K.; Ždímal, Vladimír
2023 - English
This work aims to quantify metal emissions from traffic at an urban traffic site in Prague, Czech Republic, identify key tracers of emissions, and investigate exhaust and non-exhaust emissions observable in fine particulate matter (PM2.5). This project signifies the first high-time resolution elemental analysis of Prague aerosols.
Keywords:
source apportionment; traffic; online
Available in a digital repository NRGL
HIGHLY-TIME RESOLVED ELEMENTAL SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF PM2.5 AT AN URBAN TRAFFIC SITE IN PRAGUE
This work aims to quantify metal emissions from traffic at an urban traffic site in Prague, Czech Republic, identify key tracers of emissions, and investigate exhaust and non-exhaust emissions ...
INFLUENCE OF RESPIRATORY TRACT CONDITIONS ON PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS GENERATED BY COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE INHALERS
Mašková, Ludmila; Ždímal, Vladimír; Ondráček, Jakub
2023 - English
Pressurized metered dose inhalers (MDI) and dry powder inhalers (DPI) are an integral part of the treatment of lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (Vichrow et al., 2008). An important characteristic of particles dosed by MDI and DPI is particle size distribution (PSD) (Byron, 1990). This may vary depending on the formulation, but also on the temperature and relative humidity (RH) changes during the transport from the inhaler to the human respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of RH and inspiratory flow rates on the PSD\ncharacteristics and predict deposition efficiency of inhalable particles in the lungs.
Keywords:
number size distribution; inhaler; hygroscopicity
Available in a digital repository NRGL
INFLUENCE OF RESPIRATORY TRACT CONDITIONS ON PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS GENERATED BY COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE INHALERS
Pressurized metered dose inhalers (MDI) and dry powder inhalers (DPI) are an integral part of the treatment of lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (Vichrow et ...
ON OUR RECENT WORK IN STUDYING NEW PARTICLE FORMATION (NPF)
Kovářík, Jiří; Špalová, Anna; Roztočil, Petr; Zíková, Naděžda; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Ždímal, Vladimír
2023 - English
New particle formation (NPF) is increasingly gaining attention since it emerged roughly twenty years ago as a field of interest within the aerosol science. It studies the transition process between gas phase molecules, forming clusters and eventually becoming aerosol particles. Thus, this field is a multidisciplinary one, ranging from meteorology, atmospheric chemistry and physics, all the way through physical chemistry towards chemistry and physics of aerosols. \nRecent development of instrumentation techniques allows measuring of sub-5 nm particles and molecule clusters, neutral and also charged ones. Therefore, modern analytical methods based on these measurements are often used for NPF studies.
Keywords:
atmospheric aerosols; new particle formation; NAIS
Available in a digital repository NRGL
ON OUR RECENT WORK IN STUDYING NEW PARTICLE FORMATION (NPF)
New particle formation (NPF) is increasingly gaining attention since it emerged roughly twenty years ago as a field of interest within the aerosol science. It studies the transition process between ...
NRGL provides central access to information on grey literature produced in the Czech Republic in the fields of science, research and education. You can find more information about grey literature and NRGL at service web
Send your suggestions and comments to nusl@techlib.cz
Provider
Other bases