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Czech scholars in exile, 1948-1989
Kostlán, Antonín
2011 - English
Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1989, represented one of the countries of the Soviet power bloc where the development of research was in many ways supported by the country's government, but at the same time subjected to various restrictions and strong political pressure. The paper focuses on the main characteristic features of the emigration of scientists and intellectuals in the period of the communist regime and presents the results of an analysis of departure of the workers of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences to exile. It tries to estimate the overall extent of this emigration, deliberates about the further careers of exile scholars and introduces an attempt of exile typology.
Keywords:
exile; scholars; totalitarianism
Fulltext is available at external website.
Czech scholars in exile, 1948-1989
Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1989, represented one of the countries of the Soviet power bloc where the development of research was in many ways supported by the country's government, but at the ...
Ernst Mach, his Prague physics students and their careers
Těšínská, Emilie
2009 - English
Based on archives, written memoirs and literature on history of science, the paper describes the teaching and research activities of physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach (1838-1916) during his stay in Prague in 1867-1895 within a broader frame of physics at Prague University of that time. Mach´s engagement in the Prague (German) Naturhistorical Association „Lotos“ is mentioned as well. The professional carriers of some of Mach’s Prague university students and assistant are included.
Keywords:
Ernst Mach; physics
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Ernst Mach, his Prague physics students and their careers
Based on archives, written memoirs and literature on history of science, the paper describes the teaching and research activities of physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach (1838-1916) during his stay in ...
Post-war restitution in Czechoslovakia and related problems
Krejčová, Helena
2008 - English
To face up to the war time period was very difficult in the post-war Czechoslovakia and determined by the war experience in both parts of the republic (Czech countries and Slovakia) which in fact affected the state approach to the restitution – first starting with the unique willingness, later changed according to the ideological and political limits. The conference paper is focused on several particular cases with the emphases on the activity of the National Administration of Property Assets and on the different approach to the restitution (emigrants, Jews with German nationality and so-called repatriates). V poválečném Československu byl přístup k vyrovnání se s obdobím války velmi složitý, determinovaný válečnou zkušeností obou částí republiky (české země a Slovensko), což také výrazně ovlivnilo vztah státu k restitucím. Jeho počáteční jednoznačná vstřícnost byla postupem doby stále více limitována ideologicky a politicky. Příspěvek se , na příkladu některých konkrétních případů, zaměřuje na činnost Národní správy majetkových podstat a na různorodý přístup k restitucím (k emigrantům, židům německé národnosti a tzv. navrátilcům).
Keywords:
restitution - art works
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Post-war restitution in Czechoslovakia and related problems
To face up to the war time period was very difficult in the post-war Czechoslovakia and determined by the war experience in both parts of the republic (Czech countries and Slovakia) which in fact ...
Czechoslovakia's leaning to the USSR during World War II and the collapse of a 'bridge between West and East' in the years 1945-1948.
Smetana, Vít
2005 - English
This summary of a lecture (given at a workshop of history teachers of the Council of Europe countries assesses Czechoslovakia's foreign policy in the decade between the Munich Accord of 1938 and the communist take-over in February 1948. It seeks the origins of Czechoslovakia's drift to the Eastern Bloc and it further suggests some progressive methods in teaching European international history. Shrnutí přednášky (pronesené na workshopu učitelům historie ze zemí Rady Evropy) hodnotí československou zahraniční politiku v desetiletí ohraničeném mnichovskou dohodou ze září 1938 a komunistickým převratem v únoru 1948. Text hledá kořeny československého začlenění do východního bloku a zároveň nabízí některé progresivní metody výuky z oblasti evropských dějin mezinárodních vztahů.
Keywords:
Czechoslovakia - foreign policy
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Czechoslovakia's leaning to the USSR during World War II and the collapse of a 'bridge between West and East' in the years 1945-1948.
This summary of a lecture (given at a workshop of history teachers of the Council of Europe countries assesses Czechoslovakia's foreign policy in the decade between the Munich Accord of 1938 and the ...
Astronomy in Medieval Prague
Hadravová, Alena; Hadrava, Petr
2005 - English
Astronomy ranked among the septem artes liberales which achieved high level at the University of Prague already soon after its foundation by the Emperor Charles IV. in 1348. Master Claretus de Solentia (Bartholomaeus of Chlumec, c. 1320-1370), who composed a didactic work Astronomicus on Charles' order in about 1350, can be mentioned as an example of scholar of this early period. At the beginning of the 15th century, Masters Cristannus of Prachatice and Johannes Sindel were very influential astronomers in Prague University. The interest of both of them in astronomical instruments can be documented by their treatises. Astronomie náležela mezi sedm svobodných umění, které dosáhly vysoké úrovně na pražské univerzitě již po jejím založení Karlem IV. v roce 1348. Příkladem učence tohoto raného období je Mistr Klaret (Bartoloměj z Chlumce, c. 1320-1370), který kolem roku 1350 složil na přání Karla IV. didaktickou práci Astronomicus. Na začátku 15. stol. byli vlivnými astronomy na pražské univerzitě Mistr Kristan z Prachatic a Jan Sindel. Zájem obou českých učenců o astronomické přístroje dokumentují jejich pojednání.
Keywords:
astronomy - University of Prague
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Astronomy in Medieval Prague
Astronomy ranked among the septem artes liberales which achieved high level at the University of Prague already soon after its foundation by the Emperor Charles IV. in 1348. Master Claretus de ...
Ups and Downs of Central Europe. Chapters from Czech Symbolic Geograpgy
Kopeček, Michal
2005 - English
Paper outlines the development and political role of Central European Discourse in the Czech political thought from the end of the WWII to the present. It distinguishes three periods in the development of Central European discourse. Článek analyzuje vývoj a politickou úlohu konceptu "střední Evropy" v českém politickém myšlení od konce 2. světové války. Odlišuje tři základní periody.
Keywords:
Central Europe - Czech political discourse
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Ups and Downs of Central Europe. Chapters from Czech Symbolic Geograpgy
Paper outlines the development and political role of Central European Discourse in the Czech political thought from the end of the WWII to the present. It distinguishes three periods in the ...
Introduction
Štrbáňová, Soňa; Stamhuis, I. H.; Mojsejová, Kateřina
2004 - English
Introduction to the collection of papers. Úvod do sborníku.
Keywords:
women in science; gender studies; history of science
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Introduction
Introduction to the collection of papers.
Úvod do sborníku.
Science in Contact with Art. Astronomical Symbolics of the Wallenstein Palace in Prague
Hadravová, Alena; Hadrava, Petr
2004 - English
Contribution deals with astronomical motifs on fresces in Wallenstein Palace in Prague (1620s); the known Galileo's telescopis discoveries and astrological symbols are summarized. Representations of constellations including those on Southern sky are newly recognized. Historical context with the development of science is discussed. Příspěvek se zabývá astronomickými motivy na freskách ve Valdštejnském paláci v Praze (po roce 1620). Shrnuje dosavadní poznatky již známých zobrazeních Galileiho teleskopicných objevů a astrologické symboliky. Nově byla určena vyobrazení souhvězdí Severní i Jižní oblohy. Práce zkoumá vývoj dějin vědy v historických kontextech.
Keywords:
history of astronomy - iconography - history of science
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Science in Contact with Art. Astronomical Symbolics of the Wallenstein Palace in Prague
Contribution deals with astronomical motifs on fresces in Wallenstein Palace in Prague (1620s); the known Galileo's telescopis discoveries and astrological symbols are summarized. Representations of ...
"Phenomenon Woman" at the Faculties of Forestry in the Czech Lands in the 20th century
Mikovcová, Alena
2004 - English
Studentky na lesnické fakultě v Praze ve 30. letech. Female students enrolled at the Faculty of Forestry in Prague only in the 1930s. After WW2, more women in Czechoslovakia started to study forestry engineering. The number of female forestry engineers increased ten times during the period in question in Czechoslovakia. Female graduates had problems to find suitable job until the 1980s. Women forestry engineers earned less than comparably educated men. Distance studies were practically unavailable to women until 1980s. The number of doctoral theses defended by women was extraordinarily low. Only 9 women were awarded academic degree (PhD) at the faculties of forestry in the Czech Lands between 1952 and 1989.
Keywords:
women; faculties of forestry; Czech Lands; ženy
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
"Phenomenon Woman" at the Faculties of Forestry in the Czech Lands in the 20th century
Studentky na lesnické fakultě v Praze ve 30. letech....
The Institutional Position of Czech Women in Bohemia 1860-1938
Štrbáňová, Soňa
2004 - English
Road of Czech women to higher education in the 19th century ; women at the Czech universities in the first half of the 20th century. Cesta českých žen za vyšším vzděláním v 19. stol. ; uplatnění žen na českých vysokých školách v první polovině 20. století.
Keywords:
history of science; women in science; gender studies
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The Institutional Position of Czech Women in Bohemia 1860-1938
Road of Czech women to higher education in the 19th century ; women at the Czech universities in the first half of the 20th century....
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