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Zvýšené sázky: Sekuritizace problému zvyšování hladiny moří ze strany velkých armád v oblasti západního Tichomoří
Skold, Elias Gustav Eskil; Parks, Louisa Rosemary; Leonard, Sarah
2023 - anglický
This dissertation investigates the securitisation of climate change, specifically sea level rise, within the military and political landscapes of China and Australia over the past fifteen years. It employs securitisation theory as conceptualised by the Copenhagen School to assess how climate change and sea level rise are framed as security issues. In both countries, political leaders have used securitising language to consolidate their political positions rather than elevating climate change above regular politics. The Australian military's response has focused on Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Response (HADR), influenced by the divisive nature of climate change in public discourse. In contrast, China's approach has gradually aligned climate change with national security, primarily for international image enhancement, wherein the military has played a limited role. Neither country has fully securitised climate change, highlighting the complexity of framing it as an existential threat requiring exceptional measures.
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Zvýšené sázky: Sekuritizace problému zvyšování hladiny moří ze strany velkých armád v oblasti západního Tichomoří
This dissertation investigates the securitisation of climate change, specifically sea level rise, within the military and political landscapes of China and Australia over the past fifteen years. It ...
Instrumentalizace obchodování s dětmi: Konkurenční diskurzivní konstrukce mezi vládou USA a QAnon?
Borg, Alessia; Paterson, Ian; Fitzgerald, James
2023 - anglický
Child trafficking has been a primary interest of international actors. The United States has steered its legislation and anchored it in a solid treat narrative. Recent years have seen QAnon construct a competitive framing of the issue. This paper addressed how the established securitisation of the United States was disrupted by QAnon's intervention. It inquired about the nature of the disruption and questioned whether and how both actors entered a competitive securitisation dynamic over child trafficking. This has been done through the lens of discourse analysis to operationalise securitisation theory and evaluate the prominence of its three criteria: the framing of the threat, audience acceptance and subsequent measures. It found that the United States securitisation was being contested by QAnon's attempt at securitising the issue from below. While the attempt has only been partially successful, QAnon successfully established itself as a legitimate competing narrative actor. However, adherence to QAnon's narrative is on the rise and attention should be given to its evolution to prevent further damage to the government's rule of Law. The discursive competition processes have also impacted the perception of child trafficking and its subsequent mitigation by perpetrating stereotypes and...
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
Instrumentalizace obchodování s dětmi: Konkurenční diskurzivní konstrukce mezi vládou USA a QAnon?
Child trafficking has been a primary interest of international actors. The United States has steered its legislation and anchored it in a solid treat narrative. Recent years have seen QAnon construct ...
Role cti při absentérství v obchodování s lidmi v italských mafiích: Komparativní studie italských, nigerijských a albánských mafií
Sollecito, Angela; Aslan, Emil; Florea, Adrian
2023 - anglický
Human trafficking is ranked as the third most profitable activity within the realm of organized crime, following drug and arms trafficking. Despite its highly rewarding feature, Italian mafias have never been directly involved in such a criminal activity. Attributing honor to the Italian mafias' absenteeism in the trafficking of human beings is precisely the aim of the present study. The distinctive conceptualization of honor, onore, is believed to have persistently forged autochthone mafias and their culture of operations, culminating in the establishment of a quintessential criminal organization archetype. In sharp contrast to this, the Nigerian and Albanian mafias, while categorized as such, notably lack the pivotal trait of this form of organized crime: honor. Devoid of their own conceptualization of honor, these criminal organizations have emerged as the two leading mafias currently governing the trafficking of humans in Italy. Incorporating evidence from publicly available interviews, trails recordings, testimonies, and official documents, the research will unmask the underlying framework of Italian, Nigerian and Albanian mafias. Additionally, through the lenses of a comparative study, the research will identify the four major divergences between Italian and the two foreign mafias: old vs new...
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Role cti při absentérství v obchodování s lidmi v italských mafiích: Komparativní studie italských, nigerijských a albánských mafií
Human trafficking is ranked as the third most profitable activity within the realm of organized crime, following drug and arms trafficking. Despite its highly rewarding feature, Italian mafias have ...
Válečná propaganda: mediální pokrytí rusko-ukrajinského konfliktu v roce 2022
Levenstam, Vasily; Miessler, Jan; Gomes Lapa, Tiago
2023 - anglický
This study examines the characteristics and purposes of propaganda narratives employed in the media coverage of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Through a content analysis of 89 articles from three Russian media outlets, namely governmental, affiliated with the government, and free-non-governmental, the study aims to shed light on the nature and objectives of these narratives. By employing comparative analysis and coding techniques, the research identifies and describes the propaganda narratives present in the articles, providing real-life examples to illustrate their usage. The major findings reveal the presence of both strategic and tactical propaganda narratives, with distinct characteristics and goals. The study contributes to understanding the role of propaganda in shaping public perception and offers insights into the dynamics of information dissemination during conflict situations. The conclusions highlight the need to differentiate between journalism and propaganda and emphasize the significance of media ownership and proximity to the government in influencing the utilization of propaganda narratives. (CZ) Tato studie zkoumá charakteristiky a cíle propagandistických narativů používaných v mediálním pokrytí rusko-ukrajinské války. Prostřednictvím obsahové analýzy 89 článků ze tří ruských médií, a to vládních, s vládou spojených a svobodných nevládních, se studie snaží objasnit povahu a cíle těchto narativů. Pomocí komparativní analýzy a technik kódování výzkum identifikuje a popisuje propagandistické narativy přítomné v článcích a uvádí příklady z reálného života, které ilustrují jejich použití. Hlavní zjištění odhalují přítomnost strategických i taktických propagandistických narativů s odlišnými charakteristikami a cíli. Studie přispívá k pochopení úlohy propagandy při utváření veřejného mínění a nabízí vhled do dynamiky šíření informací během konfliktních situací. Závěry zdůrazňují potřebu rozlišovat mezi žurnalistikou a propagandou a zdůrazňují význam vlastnictví médií a blízkosti k vládě při ovlivňování využívání propagandistických narativů.
Klíčová slova:
Rusko; rusko-ukrajinský konflikt; Ukrajina; propaganda; média; válka; Russia; Russo-Ukrainian conflict; Ukraine; Propaganda; Media; War
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
Válečná propaganda: mediální pokrytí rusko-ukrajinského konfliktu v roce 2022
This study examines the characteristics and purposes of propaganda narratives employed in the media coverage of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Through a content analysis of 89 articles from three Russian ...
Rozklíčování strategických profilů Maďarska a České republiky uprostřed ruské agrese proti Ukrajině
Vozovych, Anastasiia; Snitar, Corina; Střítecký, Vít
2023 - anglický
This dissertation attends to the strategic profiles of Hungary and Czechia amid the ongoing Russian aggression against Ukraine. The dissertation unpacks the similarities and differences of Hungary's and Czechia's strategic outlooks referring to their experience of Soviet occupation in 1956 and 1968, respectively. The author argues that different stances on the Russia-Ukraine war cannot be explored without attending to Hungary's and Czechia's strategic cultures. In this dissertation the author points out the interrelation between strategic culture and foreign policy decision-making to flag the interplay between strategic culture and strategic behaviour. The author presents a set of three hypotheses related to the correlation between the strategic culture and decision-making process, Hungary's memory of the Soviet occupation and its ramifications on the current stance on the Russia-Ukraine war as well as Czechia's memory of the Soviet occupation and its implications on the Czech strategic choices. The author outlines the main features of Hungary's and Czechia's strategic culture, their commemorative practices, and tools for framing the reactions towards the past and present security matters.
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
Rozklíčování strategických profilů Maďarska a České republiky uprostřed ruské agrese proti Ukrajině
This dissertation attends to the strategic profiles of Hungary and Czechia amid the ongoing Russian aggression against Ukraine. The dissertation unpacks the similarities and differences of Hungary's ...
Využití hybridní války k dosažení strategických cílů: Srovnání ruských a čínských přístupů
Sutil Toledano, Javier; Kaczmarski, Marcin; Ludvík, Jan
2023 - anglický
The past few decades have seen the emergence of the concept of hybrid warfare. This term gained special attention after the Russian invasion of Crimea. Since then, Russia and China have been criticised for the use of such methods. To this day, the concept is still debated in the academic world. This study examines the use of hybrid methods to achieve strategic objectives by Russia and China. Both countries understand, in their own way, the benefits of using such methods, especially at the regional level, and use them to weaken their rivals and gain strategic advantages. Drawing on a corpus of academic literature, articles, reports, evaluations, and online news, this study shows that Russia and China use hybrid strategies in different ways and for different strategic purposes. Our analysis shows that while Russia uses hybrid tools to incite conflict and justify armed intervention to achieve its goals, China uses them subtly to avoid confrontation and gradually fulfil its objectives. This thesis concludes that the concept of hybrid warfare depends on the actors using it and that Russia and China have envisioned hybrid models that suit their needs. It also lays the groundwork for future research on the subject in more depth and provides a novel tactical-strategic framework that can be used and studied...
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
Využití hybridní války k dosažení strategických cílů: Srovnání ruských a čínských přístupů
The past few decades have seen the emergence of the concept of hybrid warfare. This term gained special attention after the Russian invasion of Crimea. Since then, Russia and China have been ...
Farmáři, rámování a krajní pravice: Obsahová analýza krajně pravicového rámování "dusíkové krize" v Nizozemsku
van Diemen, Cassandra; Aslan, Emil; Gillies, Allan
2023 - anglický
This study explores the development of Far Right discourse in response to the nitrogen crisis in the Netherlands, examining three case study groups over a six-month period during farmers' protests from June to November 2022. By contrasting the crisis frames put forward by one Far Right group and two farmers' groups, inferences will be drawn regarding the narratives the Far Right has sought to emphasise and de-emphasise in its crisis framing. The study identifies six frames used in the discourse surrounding the nitrogen crisis: anti-institutional, globalist, conspiratorial, limitations of civil liberty, imperilment narratives, and resilience-building frames. Far Right groups emphasize anti-institutional frames, imperilment narratives, and conspiracy theories, revealing their specific discursive strategies to influence public perception and mobilise support during crises. Farmers' groups were found to emphasise resilience-building activities, as well as promote anti-institutional narratives. The study underscores the need for context-specific analyses to counter undermining narratives effectively. The findings provide insights into how Far Right discursive practices can undermine democracy and social cohesion, necessitating a multi- faceted approach to address the challenges posed by their tactics....
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Farmáři, rámování a krajní pravice: Obsahová analýza krajně pravicového rámování "dusíkové krize" v Nizozemsku
This study explores the development of Far Right discourse in response to the nitrogen crisis in the Netherlands, examining three case study groups over a six-month period during farmers' protests ...
Vzestup net-států v kyberprostoru: Dynamika kybernetické moci a narušení mezinárodní bezpečnosti
Valencia Rojas, Andrea Lissette; Kučera, Tomáš; Scotto, Thomas
2023 - anglický
In this new era, the world is progressively moving towards the 4th Industrial Revolution based on the principle of merging the physical with the digital life. This paradigm shift towards greater inclusion of technological innovations and services has incited to reconsider how international security is perceived - particularly within the new cyber domain. In contrast to the physical world, the cyberspace has no borders and invites a more globalised approach, offering abundant opportunities of political, economic and social consequences. Thus, the digital domain highlights new security challenges that may have strategic impact on the real world. The present dissertation was undertaken to investigate the novel phenomenon designated as Net state and evaluate its power and impact in the international security landscape. Adopting a neorealism theoretical framework, predominant paradigm in IR, it also attempted to determine how the integration of a cyber reality into the international politics can alter traditional conceptions of security. Findings suggests that Net states have theoretical implications to be considered as a unit of level under the same conceptual standards as traditional states, and predicts that the cyber-physical revolution has the possibility to exacerbate interactions between states...
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Vzestup net-států v kyberprostoru: Dynamika kybernetické moci a narušení mezinárodní bezpečnosti
In this new era, the world is progressively moving towards the 4th Industrial Revolution based on the principle of merging the physical with the digital life. This paradigm shift towards greater ...
Dekolonizace a její vliv na současné krize a konflikty v Kamerunu: Lidská perspektiva
Robert, Gwenn Marie Madelein; Leonard, Sarah; Lorenzini, Sara
2023 - anglický
Decolonisation and its Impact on Current Crises and Conflicts in Cameroon: A Human Perspective Cohort 2023 Glasgow Student Number: 2682542R Dublin City University Student Number: 21109214 Charles Student Number: 81422559 Presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of International Master in Security, Intelligence and Strategic Studies Word Count: 22,344 Supervisor: Dr Sarah Leonard (Dublin City University) Date of Submission: 22-07-2023 Abstract Cameroon is currently facing various crises and conflicts that are impacting different regions of the country. The main security challenges in Cameroon are: the Boko Haram insurgency, the Anglophone crisis and the inter-ethnic tensions and conflicts. This dissertation explores the link between the decolonisation in Cameroon and those ongoing crises and conflicts, with a particular focus on the human perspective. It examines how the social and psychological impacts of decolonisation on individuals contributed to the emergence of those security issues. The study first analyses the consequences of decolonisation on Cameroonians, uncovering profound identity struggles, mistrust towards government, fear for the future, and a ruptured social contract. The dissertation demonstrates how such sentiments can lead to conflicts, fuelling anger and...
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Dekolonizace a její vliv na současné krize a konflikty v Kamerunu: Lidská perspektiva
Decolonisation and its Impact on Current Crises and Conflicts in Cameroon: A Human Perspective Cohort 2023 Glasgow Student Number: 2682542R Dublin City University Student Number: 21109214 Charles ...
Bezpečnost à la AMLO: Hodnocení militarizace mexických orgánů činných v trestním řízení
Walker, Ellena; Březinová, Kateřina; Conway, Maura
2023 - anglický
This thesis aims to provide an assessment of the militarisation of the Mexican Guardia Nacional (GN) under Andrés Manuel López Obrador (2018-2024), as well as consider its societal implications in terms of citizen security, human rights, police reform, and the legal order. This research finds its value in its preliminary and exploratory nature, resting on a relatively understudied subject. The study provides one of the first attempts at measuring the status of the GN, which has evolved into the principal national guarantor of public security in Mexico. The evaluation of the GN was carried out through the establishment a scale of measurement based on commonalities with the Fuerzas Armadas (FA), which was applied to four separate indicators: material, cultural, organisational, and operational. All four indicators were found to share a high number of commonalities with the FA. As such, this thesis deems that the GN is undergoing a process of militarisation, and can be currently considered as similar to a 'constabularised military'. The implications of this assessment can be seen in terms of citizen security, human rights, police reform, and the legal order. It was found that while the GN had no impact on levels of violence or be seen to be moving away from a defined legal order, the body was...
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
Bezpečnost à la AMLO: Hodnocení militarizace mexických orgánů činných v trestním řízení
This thesis aims to provide an assessment of the militarisation of the Mexican Guardia Nacional (GN) under Andrés Manuel López Obrador (2018-2024), as well as consider its societal implications in ...
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