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Peculiarities of interaction between transport infrastructure and economic growth
Micevičiene, Diana; Bazaras, Žilvinas
2010 - English
The link between transport infrastructure and economic development has to play a significant role in the development of transport network plans in any country. In fact, the relationship between investment in transport infrastructure and economic development has been the subject of investigation for quite some time. Despite this, the subject remains mired in controversy. The difficulty of establishing the relationship
between transport and economy is that numerous other factors influence this relationship. The process of economic development, where besides transport other factors play a part, must have a central place in a consideration of transport and economy. This paper, based on recent exploration of the authors, examines the question whether and under what conditions developed transport infrastructure engender economic activity. The paper explains the nature of the problem and describes the foundations of the possible interrelation between the effects themselves. Seeking to analyze the effects and alternatives
of their evaluation in more compressive manner, the authors of the article present firstly initiative processes of interaction between transport infrastructure and economic growth, secondly mechanism of their development in producing economic environment. The results of empirical testing of the model are also presented.
Keywords:
transport; infrastructure; effects; cost; economic growth; measurement
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Peculiarities of interaction between transport infrastructure and economic growth
The link between transport infrastructure and economic development has to play a significant role in the development of transport network plans in any country. In fact, the relationship between ...
Electrical drive for compressor on turbocharged engine
Novák, Jaroslav; Čeřovský, Zdeněk
2010 - English
Turbochargers are usually driven by turbine powered by exhausted gases. This conception
is relatively simple but the compressor is not able to overcharge the compressed air or fuel-air mixture
into the cylinder in the total revolution range and power regimes. Next disadvantage of turbine driven compressor is the low dynamic response of the turbine and compressor at quick fuel supply increase. There are two possible solutions. First - the “electrocharger”, that is the fully electric driven compressor can be used. Second - the hybrid driven charger is possible. Research of supercharging systems is one of activities of Josef Božek Research Centre of Engine and Automotive Technology on Faculties of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering at Czech Technical University in Prague. Part of this activity
is research of electrical drive for the hybrid supercharging system especially from control point of view. Electric synchronous motor with permanent magnets was chosen as electric driving machine.
Its robustness, high torque overload features, its small size and mass, high dynamical features and feasible high revolutions are promising for this implementation. Paper deals with torque control of high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for driving compressor of supercharged combustion engines. Control structure which includes regimes with both full magnetic flux and flux weakening is described. Paper describes the research working place and presents test results achieved on 40 000 rev/min synchronous permanent magnet motor.
Keywords:
high speed drive; synchronous motor; inverter; torque control
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Electrical drive for compressor on turbocharged engine
Turbochargers are usually driven by turbine powered by exhausted gases. This conception is relatively simple but the compressor is not able to overcharge the compressed air or fuel-air mixture into ...
A decision-making support system for low-density traffic railway lines management
Pieriegud, Jana
2010 - English
In recent years, the issue of closing down or revitalisation of low-density traffic railway lines in Poland has become increasingly important. These decisions are usually taken without undertaking precise analysis, due to the difficulties inherent in cost calculation. Furthermore a distinguishing feature of this category of lines is that budget limitations and low profits are more critical factors than travel time and traffic frequency. The paper outlines the main assumptions for the establishment of a software-based system that will support the decision-making processes concerning the revitali-zation of existing low-density lines, its
maintenance and operation management. The system, which can be useful for infrastructure managers,
railway operators as well as local authorities, is currently being developed within the R&D project
undertaken in Poland in 2008.
Keywords:
low-density traffic railway lines; modelling transport system; decision-making support; maintenance; cost calculation model
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
A decision-making support system for low-density traffic railway lines management
In recent years, the issue of closing down or revitalisation of low-density traffic railway lines in Poland has become increasingly important. These decisions are usually taken without undertaking ...
Models of weather and transit demand in public city transit in Pardubice
Pojkarová, Kateřina
2010 - English
Demand in public transit is influenced by wide range of factors, weather is one of them. Citizens
of Pardubice make a lot of journeys every day. They can walk, ride their bicycle, motorbike or car, or they
can use public transit. Weather is important for their decision-making about their mode of transportation, because when it is frosty, windy or rainy some cyclists leave their bicycle home and prefer cover vehicles, as well as people, who in sunny days prefer walking. This paper researches the relationship between demand for public transit in Pardubice and weather and it
will show the correlation between variables.
Keywords:
public transit demand; weather; correlation
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Models of weather and transit demand in public city transit in Pardubice
Demand in public transit is influenced by wide range of factors, weather is one of them. Citizens of Pardubice make a lot of journeys every day. They can walk, ride their bicycle, motorbike or car, ...
Railway safety management system
Popov, Pavel
2010 - English
The article is devoted to the analysis of railway safety management system. It is clear that advanced railway safety management system is of great importance for a country. The fact is understandable as well as for the global community due to rail transport is a part of the logistics chain, which facilitates international trade and economic growth. In the article the author also examines the key components of safety management system and the requirements to it. Safety is regarded by the author of the article as a prime consideration in the successful performance of duties of railway managers. Management is specifically responsible for the development
and implementation of safe practices and procedures. It is pointed out that the objectives of the safety management system regulations are to ensure that safety is given management time and corporate resources and that it is subject to performance measurement and monitoring on par with corporate financial and production goals.
The author of the article stresses that it is important to railway safety management system that
company policy should sustain continuing programs designed to promote the health and safety of all
employees and to co-operate with organizations and associations devoted to safety research and education. Russia has 85,000km of railways, making it the second largest network in the world after the US. Rail dominates the freight transport network accounting for 42.7% of total turnover, according to the Federal State Statistics Service, and around 85% of total turnover, if pipeline traffic is not included. Rail has a competitive advantage due to the large distances between different production centers in Russia. The road network is currently insufficient in terms of coverage and quality of the roads, while the waterways freeze during Russia’s long winter. The major cargo types carried by rail are coal (23%
of the total) followed by oil products, (18%) and construction materials, (15%). That’s way railway safety management system is very important to RZD as to a railway company of any other country.
Keywords:
railway safety; railway transportation
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Railway safety management system
The article is devoted to the analysis of railway safety management system. It is clear that advanced railway safety management system is of great importance for a country. The fact is understandable ...
Importance of risk management in highway and railway constructions
Rozsypal, Alexandr
2010 - English
The paper focuses on the role and importance of the risk management during construction of highways and railways. For this purpose the engineering riskn will be defined. The main principles of geotechnical risk will be explained. Some cases stories of undesirables events during construction of underground works will be presented and discussed. In the conclusion author will underlines main conditions of succesfull risk management principles to be respected.
Keywords:
civil engineering works; failure; geotechnical risk; monitoring; risk; risk manager; risk management; undesirable event
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Importance of risk management in highway and railway constructions
The paper focuses on the role and importance of the risk management during construction of highways and railways. For this purpose the engineering riskn will be defined. The main principles of ...
Data preparation for relation model for transport and economy equlibrium
Salava, Daniel
2010 - English
This article is focused on statistical methodology for preparative phase of equilibrium model
construction betwen systems by means of lation analysis and especially partial problems, that can occure by this analysis and obstruct solution relevance.
Keywords:
relation model; transport figure; economical figure; equilibrium; correlation; variable; regression; indicator
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Data preparation for relation model for transport and economy equlibrium
This article is focused on statistical methodology for preparative phase of equilibrium model construction betwen systems by means of lation analysis and especially partial problems, that can occure ...
Urban mobility, demographical changes and accessibility and transport for elderly
Schmeidler, Karel
2010 - English
There are two dilemmas with the increased mobility Europe has witnessed over the last century.
On the one hand, mobility has become an essential condition for social emancipation and economic
development. Whilst on the other hand, the social differentiation of access to new transport technologies is serving to fragment and splinter social cohesion. This dichotomy presents a challenge since “personal mobility is key to independence”. Accessibility to the spatial opportunities in the built urban and rural environments is a hurdle for people with reduced mobility, such as disabled people, elderly people, families with young children, and the young children themselves. Society is changing, is getting older, and is more open to transnational
mobility patterns, including the growth of tourism and in-migration. Society is expecting more flexible mobility solutions, which need to be affordable also for people with low incomes.
Keywords:
mobility; transport; quality of life; senior citizens; demographical changes
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Urban mobility, demographical changes and accessibility and transport for elderly
There are two dilemmas with the increased mobility Europe has witnessed over the last century. On the one hand, mobility has become an essential condition for social emancipation and ...
Cost effectiveness of wayside derailment detection
Schöbel, Andreas; Maly, Thomas
2010 - English
Wayside train monitoring systems are an important issue of modern railway operation due to the fact that more and more stations will become remote controlled by an operation centre. Therefore
the task of monitoring fault states on moving vehicles has to be overtaken by autonomous sensor systems. Based upon the background of liberalized railway market it cannot be guaranteed that every vehicle is equipped with necessary sensors for fault state monitoring when passing the network
of an infrastructure manager. Therefore each infrastructure manager has to install wayside equipment to check passing vehicles for fault states occurrences. The worst case scenario of not recognized fault states in time is a derailment. If preventing monitoring systems are not able to detect derailment indications in an early stage, the derailment itself must be identified by dedicated devices e.g. wayside derailment detectors. For safety related usage in a whole railway network the number of necessary wayside installations has to be identified in context to financial feasibility. To solve these questions
a methodology was developed at Vienna University of Technology to estimate the potential costs
and benefits under consideration of operational boundary conditions. Costs are directly related
to the number of implemented derailment detectors, whereas benefit can be argued by reduced length
of destroyed superstructure in case of a derailment. The braking behavior of different trains and the points on a line are the boundary conditions for practical implementation of this approach.
Keywords:
wayside train monitoring; derailment detection
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Cost effectiveness of wayside derailment detection
Wayside train monitoring systems are an important issue of modern railway operation due to the fact that more and more stations will become remote controlled by an operation centre. Therefore the ...
Methodology of critical transport infrastructure objects identification
Soušek, Radovan; Dvořák, Zdeněk; Kelemen, Miroslav
2010 - English
The article describes experiences from Czech Republic and Slovakia in case of critical transport infrastructure elements selection and identification. The attention is focused on objects, which have high importance for international transport corridors.
Keywords:
critical transport infrastructure; new methodology of objects identification
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Methodology of critical transport infrastructure objects identification
The article describes experiences from Czech Republic and Slovakia in case of critical transport infrastructure elements selection and identification. The attention is focused on objects, which have ...
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