Yes (36)
Number of found documents:
36
Published from
to
Highly time resolved measurement of atmospheric elemental and organic carbon at a typical background site in Central Europe.
Mbengue, Saliou; Fusek, M.; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Holoubek, Ivan
2017 - English
Atmospheric organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon play an important role in atmospheric chemistry, climate change and public health. There have been relatively few studies dealing with EC and OC in rural background sites which are less influenced by urban and industrial emissions. Nevertheless, measurements at background areas are important for understanding the transport and transformation characteristics of anthropogenic air pollutants, and their effects on various aspects of regional and global environment changes. In this study, we focus on variability of EC and OC concentrations (considering various day categories and seasons) from a rural background site which is representative for Central European rural areas.\n
Keywords:
organic carbon and elemental carbon; rural background; OC/EC ratio; variability
Fulltext is available at external website.
Highly time resolved measurement of atmospheric elemental and organic carbon at a typical background site in Central Europe.
Atmospheric organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon play an important role in atmospheric chemistry, climate change and public health. There have been relatively few studies dealing with EC and OC in ...
DYNAMICS OF WINTER SEVERITY AND ITS EFFECT ON RECREATION
Zahradníček, Pavel; Rožnovský, J.; Brzezina, J.; Štěpánek, Petr; Farda, Aleš; Chuchma, F.
2017 - English
Air temperature in winter months and colder half-year is an important factor for wide range of human activities, including recreation. As a result of current climate change, average air temperatures increase in winter as well. This, however, does not mean that there are no frosts. Each winter season can be assessed using several parameters. In this paper we used the sum of effective air temperatures below 0 degrees C and- 5 degrees C. Absolute minimum air temperature was used as an indicator of the extremity of a particular period. Space-time analysis has been performed for both parameters. Air temperatures in winter months are to a large extent influenced by the continentality of the climate. In general, the temperatures in Bohemia rise faster compared to Moravia and the absolute lowest minimum air temperatures are observed in the Western parts of the country. Based on a multiparametric analysis of climate characteristics, the coldest winter and colder half-year was in 1963, in contrast, the mildest winter was in 2007.
Keywords:
winter severity; euro-cordex; absolute minimum; effective temperature; recreation
Fulltext is available at external website.
DYNAMICS OF WINTER SEVERITY AND ITS EFFECT ON RECREATION
Air temperature in winter months and colder half-year is an important factor for wide range of human activities, including recreation. As a result of current climate change, average air temperatures ...
Seasonal, weekly and diurnal variability of elemental and organic carbon at a rural background site in Central Europe, a four years of measurement
Mbengue, Saliou; Fusek, M.; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Vodička, Petr; Holubová, Adéla; Holoubek, Ivan
2017 - English
Atmospheric organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon play an important role in\natmospheric chemistry, climate change and public health. There have been relatively\nfew studies dealing with EC and OC in rural background sites which are less influenced\nby urban and industrial emissions. Nevertheless, measurements at background areas are\nimportant for understanding the transport and transformation characteristics of\nanthropogenic air pollutants, and their effects on various aspects of regional and global\nenvironment changes. This work is one of the rare studies using a semi-continuous\nmeasurement technique to focus on long-term (4 years) measurements of EC and OC at\nregional background site in Europe. It focuses on the factors or phenomena influencing\nboth diurnal and weekly variability of EC and OC concentrations during various seasons\nat rural background area.
Keywords:
elemental; organic carbon; OC/EC ratio; variability; air masses origin; rural background side
Fulltext is available at external website.
Seasonal, weekly and diurnal variability of elemental and organic carbon at a rural background site in Central Europe, a four years of measurement
Atmospheric organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon play an important role in\natmospheric chemistry, climate change and public health. There have been relatively\nfew studies dealing with EC and OC in ...
Assessing the impact of drought stress on winter wheat canopy by hermes crop growth model
Wimmerová, Markéta; Pohanková, Eva; Kersebaum, K. C.; Trnka, Miroslav; Žalud, Zdeněk; Hlavinka, Petr
2016 - English
The main aim of this study was evaluate a drought stress effect on winter wheat development, growth (leaf area index), soil moisture and yields. Simultaneously, the ability of Hermes crop growth model to simulate drought stress response was tested. The field trial was established at Domanínek station (Bystřice nad Pernštejnem district, Czech Republic) in 2014. Mobile rain-out shelters for precipitation reduction were installed on the plots of winter wheat in May 2015. Results of this study showed that model is able to reproduce well a soil moisture content and to certain extent the drought stress for grain yields of winter wheat. Using the rain-out shelters (from 19 May to harvest on 6 August 2015), real winter wheat yields were reduced by 1.7 t/ha. The model was able to estimate the average yield with a deviation of 0.15 t/ha (6%) for no stressed variant. Model underestimated the yields for sheltered variant with a difference 0.67 t/ha (71%) on average against observed yields.
Keywords:
leaf area index; rain-out shelters; soil moisture; water balance; yields
Fulltext is available at external website.
Assessing the impact of drought stress on winter wheat canopy by hermes crop growth model
The main aim of this study was evaluate a drought stress effect on winter wheat development, growth (leaf area index), soil moisture and yields. Simultaneously, the ability of Hermes crop growth model ...
Crop yield estimation in the field level using vegetation indicies
Jurečka, František; Hlavinka, Petr; Lukas, Vojtěch; Trnka, Miroslav; Žalud, Zdeněk
2016 - English
Remote sensing can be very useful tool for agriculture management. In this study, remote sensing methods were applied for yield estimation in the field level. There were compared remote sensing data together with yield data obtained from the field. The study area is located in Polkovice in Olomoucký region and a crop planted there in the year 2016 was spring barley as one of most important crops grown in the region. The study area in Polkovice is located at lower elevations with intensive crop production and is climatologically warmer and drier than other areas of the Czech Republic. Year 2016 was the first year when the harvest device has been used for yield analysis in this study area. The output of this method is the yield map displaying the amount of crop harvested in the particular place in the field. The yield data from the field were then compared with remote sensing data in the form of vegetation indices. Two of them were used for comparison – Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and a two-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2). These indices have been often used for yield estimation in different studies but mostly in larger scales. This study investigates use of NDVI and EVI2 at more detailed scale while using various remote sensing methods. Comparisons show that remote sensing data can provide accurate estimation and can be used for yield forecasting or supplement traditional ways of yield estimation. Results of the study show that yield-index correlations are stronger for satellite data than for the drone data. NDVI showed slightly stronger correlations than EVI2. Strongest correlations between vegetation indices and yields were found for NDVI from Sentinel 2.
Keywords:
Yield; drone; spring barley; NDVI; EV12
Fulltext is available at external website.
Crop yield estimation in the field level using vegetation indicies
Remote sensing can be very useful tool for agriculture management. In this study, remote sensing methods were applied for yield estimation in the field level. There were compared remote sensing data ...
Effect of high temperature and water shortage stresses duration during anthesis on the selected winter wheat yield formation components
Hlaváčová, Marcela; Rapantová, Barbora; Surá, Kateřina; Klem, Karel; Hlavinka, Petr; Trnka, Miroslav
2016 - English
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of drought and high temperatures on Tobak winter wheat variety during one of the most sensitive developmental stage (anthesis) from the viewpoint of harvest index (HI) and spike productivity (SP). The 5 growth chambers (where the plants were exposed to these stress factors) were used for these purposes. The various protocols consisting in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) course, relative air humidity (RH) and daily temperature courses were run. The plants were divided into 2 groups within each growth chambers: (1) Drough-stressed (Dry) and (2) well-watered (Wet). Two lengths of stresses duration were tested: 3 and 7 days. The plants were exposed to ambient weather conditions up to the full maturity after stresses exposition within the growth chambers. Subsequently, the plants were harvested manually and HI and SP were evaluated. The statistical analyses showed that the effect of each stress factor separately was statistically significant both for HI and SP14, nevertheless, these two factors interaction was statistically significant only in the case of HI.
Keywords:
growth chamber; harvest index (HI); spike productivity; Tobak; winter wheat
Fulltext is available at external website.
Effect of high temperature and water shortage stresses duration during anthesis on the selected winter wheat yield formation components
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of drought and high temperatures on Tobak winter wheat variety during one of the most sensitive developmental stage (anthesis) from the viewpoint of ...
Effect of drought stress on selected winter wheat yield formation components within pot and field experiimental design
Hlaváčová, Marcela; Pohanková, Eva; Klem, Karel; Hlavinka, Petr; Trnka, Miroslav
2016 - English
The object of this study was to find out what is the behaviour of the same winter wheat variety (Bohemia) plants cultivated within pot and field experiment. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to verify (based on the pot experiment results) whether the pot experiment (that is limited by the soil area) does not substantially affect plant reactions. The pot experiment was carried out in growth chambers where daily temperature course, relative humidity (RH) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were set via protocols. The pots were exposed to the drought stress for 14 days with the daily maximum temperature 26 °C from noon to 2 p.m. The pots were split into 2 groups: (1) Dry where the soil moisture within pots were maintained below 30% of the maximum water holding capacity, (2) Wet where the soil moisture did not decrease below 70% of the maximum water holding capacity. The plants within Wet variant were considered as a control group. The pots were placed onto the concrete floor of a vegetation hall (where the plants were exposed to the weather conditions) prior and after stress regime exposition. The field experiment was conducted within experimental station in Bystřice nad Pernštejnem belonging to the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in the Czech Republic. The drought stress was established through the transparent roofs installed above plants’ tops level in the field. The control experimental plot without roofs was nearby there as well. The plants were harvested when the full maturity was reached and the selected yield formation components were evaluated.
Keywords:
grains number; growth chamber; thousand grain weight (TGW); water shortage; winter wheat
Fulltext is available at external website.
Effect of drought stress on selected winter wheat yield formation components within pot and field experiimental design
The object of this study was to find out what is the behaviour of the same winter wheat variety (Bohemia) plants cultivated within pot and field experiment. Therefore, the main aim of this study was ...
Effect of nutrients deficiencies on root architecture and growth of winter wheat
Rattanapichai, W.; Klem, Karel
2015 - English
The study of the effects of N, P, K deficiencies on root architecture and growth was tested in phenotyping platform with winter wheat (Bohemia variety). The experiment was arranged with 4 treatments: Complete nutrient, Without N, Without P and Without K. The root were grown on the surface of vertically fixed black filter paper sheets (30x60cm), covered from both sides by black plastic sheets (PVC-P). The system was setup with a micro-irrigation channel in the top of sheets to ensure circulation of hydroponic medium as hydroponic system. Eighteen days after transplanting, we took the root images by the standard RGB digital camera. To evaluate the root architecture parameters the "SmartRoot" software was used. The results showed that nutrient deficiency had effect on root architecture of winter wheat. N deficiency increase in total seminal root and lateral root length and root/shoot ratio, while P deficiency resulted in increase of mean root diameter, total root area when compared to the control. N deficiency also decreased root and shoot dry weight and total leaf area. However, nutrient deficiency slightly decreased lateral density. There was a slight effect of K deficiency on root architecture when compared to the complete nutrient application. The increasing of leaf dry weight was related with the increased of root dry weight.
Keywords:
phosphate availability; system architecture; mineral-nutrition; nitrate; plants; arabidopsis; winter wheat; SmartRoot; nutrients deficiencies; root system architecture (RSA); root phenotyping
Fulltext is available at external website.
Effect of nutrients deficiencies on root architecture and growth of winter wheat
The study of the effects of N, P, K deficiencies on root architecture and growth was tested in phenotyping platform with winter wheat (Bohemia variety). The experiment was arranged with 4 treatments: ...
The influence of land cover changes and landscape fragmentation on provision of the carbon sequestration ecosystem service
Pechanec, V.; Purkyt, Jan; Cudlín, Pavel
2015 - English
The aim of our contribution is to analyse the influence of land cover changes and landscape fragmentation in two small catchments (Všeminka, Fryštácký potok) within the forest–agricultural landscape of eastern Moravia (Czech Republic) on the carbon sequestration ecosystem service. Fragmentation was analysed using landscapeecological indices within ArcGIS 10.x software using the Patch Analyst extension. Data about the carbon sequestration ecosystem service were processed in the InVEST model. In the Všeminka catchment, carbon sequestration increased over the entire period of observation of 1953–2012. In the Fryštácký potok catchment, carbon sequestration decreased from 1950 to 2005, but increased from 2005 to 2012. The changes in fragmentation were not significant between 1953 and 2012, and so changes in carbon sequestration were caused mostly by land cover changes. The relationships among land cover change, fragmentation, and carbon sequestration from 1953 to 2012 are discussed.
Keywords:
carbon sequestration; ecosystem services; land cover changes; landscape fragmentation
Fulltext is available at external website.
The influence of land cover changes and landscape fragmentation on provision of the carbon sequestration ecosystem service
The aim of our contribution is to analyse the influence of land cover changes and landscape fragmentation in two small catchments (Všeminka, Fryštácký potok) within the forest–agricultural landscape ...
Forestry operations focusing on different types of felling related to carbon and economic efficiencies
Plch, Radek; Pecháček, O.; Vala, V.; Pokorný, Radek; Cudlín, Pavel
2015 - English
Assessments of carbon and economic efficiencies, completed by an environmental load computation using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, could be a useful tool for assessing sustainable forest management (e.g. Berg & Lindholm 2005, Michelsen et al. 2008). The purpose of this study was to compare forestry operations focused on manually operated (chainsaw) and fully mechanized (harvester) felling in Norway spruce monocultures and mixed forests within the Novohradské Mts. (Czech Republic) using the methods of carbon efficiency (including LCA) and economic efficiency. In general terms, these methods consist of comparing quantified human inputs (e.g. fossil fuels, electricity, used machinery, and fertilizers, converted into emission units of carbon in t C in CO2 equivalent or EUR) with quantified ecosystem outputs (biomass production in t C or EUR). Forest operations were modelled for one rotation period. The results showed the main differences in carbon emissions and carbon efficiency related to forest operations with different types of felling. In contrast, the economic efficiency results did not differ much with different types of felling. Differences between Norway spruce monocultures and mixed forests using the same type of felling were relatively small for carbon efficiency but large for economic efficiency (Norway spruce monocultures recorded higher economic efficiency).
Keywords:
forestry operations; carbon and economic efficiencies
Fulltext is available at external website.
Forestry operations focusing on different types of felling related to carbon and economic efficiencies
Assessments of carbon and economic efficiencies, completed by an environmental load computation using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, could be a useful tool for assessing sustainable forest ...
NRGL provides central access to information on grey literature produced in the Czech Republic in the fields of science, research and education. You can find more information about grey literature and NRGL at service web
Send your suggestions and comments to nusl@techlib.cz
Provider
Other bases