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Negative and positive effects of transport on environment
Švadlenka, Libor
2010 - English
The paper deals with negative and positive effects of transport on environment. The society,
as a bearer of costs on environment protection does not represents homogenous unit. In term of transport
costs allocation the society can be split on society sphere (environment protection costs especially bear public service organisations and civil service authorities) and on individual sphere (majority of costs on environment protection bear in essence individuals). Finally the paper deals with the trends of transport
in relation to environment including the problem of financing the external costs of transport.
The article is published within the solution of research proposal VZ-MSM 0021627505
„The transport systems theory“.
Keywords:
environment; transport; costs; pollution; subsidies; internalization
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Negative and positive effects of transport on environment
The paper deals with negative and positive effects of transport on environment. The society, as a bearer of costs on environment protection does not represents homogenous unit. In term of ...
Railway parts fatigue behaviour under influence of the inner imperfections
Švanda, Pavel; Schmidová, Eva
2010 - English
Contribution is devoted to the study of cracking of cast railway frog. In contribution are summarized of findings that were found during investigation of source of cracking. Material properties were investigated by mechanical properties of materials. Fracture area was study by macro and microstructure (fractography) and microstructure and structure defects of bulk material was study by optic and SEM microscopy. Initialization of crack was found in synergic incidence of initial heat cracks and stress concentration in sizable change of cross-section of cast. Main source of failure was found in technology of heat treatment of cast and/or not very proper design of cast.
Keywords:
fractography; cast steel; high strength steels; microstructure
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Railway parts fatigue behaviour under influence of the inner imperfections
Contribution is devoted to the study of cracking of cast railway frog. In contribution are summarized of findings that were found during investigation of source of cracking. Material properties were ...
Economic means of the support cycle transport and possibilities of financing for the cycling
Vohnická, Pavla
2010 - English
Motor transport brings in the community the succession of the adverse effects as the externalities consequently it is undesirable to ignore the contemporary trend of uncontrolled motor transport increase but it is demanded to give support to all possibilities which bring on the contrary sustainable growth of the motor transport, also belonging to the cycle transport support. In present time there is the modern trend in this domain the build-up and extend the quality safety and functional cycle paths and routes which should contribute to support at the progressive cycle transport intensity increase. The evident key question of the next cycle transport development is sufficient financial means
for the build-up of cycle paths and cycle routes.
Classical home sources are public and regional budgets though limited and mostly are not
managing financing all costs. But they are acceptable as one of several financial services.
The most notable home source is the State Fund for Transport Infrastructure which provides a year
considerable finance means for the build-up of cycle paths and cycle routes. In 2009 SFTI budget
proposition is set 180 million crowns aside for these purposes the contribution can be provided for project up to 65% of relevant costs. The rules make it possible to co financing the projects which have received grants from EU Structural Funds. The foreign source is first of all EU Structural Funds. In actual period 2007 – 2013 are Regional Operational Programs acceptable. They are based on the statistical units NUTS II which are situated in the Czech Republic with the exception of the capital city Praha. They are Moravskoslezsko, Střední morava, Střední Čechy, Jihovýchod, Severovýchod Severozápad and Jihozápad. An applicant gives request for a grant in terms of the competent ROP who is belonging
to the respective one. Every ROP offers another level of financial means University of Pardubice, Jan Perner Transport Fakulty which are classified into Priority Axes. Alike as in last period there are set similar conditions of the grant namely that of these ROP there can be financing maximum
85% of relevant costs. Except for the financial scope the cycle support can be even a layout cycle paths and cycle routes at railway bodies after cancelled railway´s tracks whose parameters are similar as cycle paths or (if you like) routes parameters and then the reconstruction of railway body is not so financially demanding. Next
possibility is to build-up cycle paths and cycle routes along water streams, but the build-up can
be made as roads for more categories of transport because the roads are used even for the River-Basins vehicles. The legislative possibility for cycle support is so–called Landed Estate Modifications which solve even strained legal relations of the landholders over which a layout cycle paths and cycle routes is planned.
The aim of the article is to demonstrate the support means for build-up of cycle paths and cycle routes.
Keywords:
Regional Operational Programme; EU Structural Funds; the State Fund for Transport Infrastructure; cycle path; cycle route; railway body
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Economic means of the support cycle transport and possibilities of financing for the cycling
Motor transport brings in the community the succession of the adverse effects as the externalities consequently it is undesirable to ignore the contemporary trend of uncontrolled motor transport ...
Usage simulation methods for education
Černý, Ondřej; Doleček, Radovan
2010 - English
The paper deals with usage of computer simulation methods for education at Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Signaling in Transport, Jan Perner Transport Faculty,
University of Pardubice. Current situation of railway technics is very complicated and sophisticated both from viewpoint of railway infrastructure and from viewpoint of transport means. The particular parts of system are necessary to be analyzed from viewpoint of their behaviour and from viewpoint of influence
to surrounding parts of the whole system. Therefore students as future railway experts must be trained for ability of problem identification and suitable design of problem solution. This readiness of experts for real operation of these devices is one of the main goals of lecturers from the mentioned department.
Keywords:
simulation; harmonic; locomotive; catenary; interference; EMI
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Usage simulation methods for education
The paper deals with usage of computer simulation methods for education at Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Signaling in Transport, Jan Perner Transport Faculty, University of ...
Utilizing historical and current travel times based on floating car data for management of an express truck fleet
Ebendt, Rüdiger; Sohr, Alexander; Touko Tcheumadjeu, Louis Calvin; Wagner, Peter
2010 - English
During the last nine years, a couple of prototype ITS applications based on Floating Car Data (FCD) of taxi fleets have been developed at German Aerospace Center (DLR). A core application is a route guidance and monitoring system based on current and historical road segment travel times.
Recently, it has been extended for use in the German funded project SmartTruck, run by a consortium consisting of the logistics key player DHL, DLR and the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI). An important aim of the project was the use of historical and current traffic information for energy-efficient, optimized offline planning and dynamic re-planning of the tours of DHL express trucks in Berlin, Germany. This paper discusses the architecture of the SmartTruck system and the methodology used
to generate historic and current road segment travel times from positional data.
Keywords:
Floating Car Data (FCD); Global Positioning System (GPS); traffic monitoring; map-matching; traffic guidance; traffic planning
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Utilizing historical and current travel times based on floating car data for management of an express truck fleet
During the last nine years, a couple of prototype ITS applications based on Floating Car Data (FCD) of taxi fleets have been developed at German Aerospace Center (DLR). A core application is a route ...
Transport user as an instrument of economic growth, efficiency and effectiveness
Kudláčková, Nina; Čáp, Jiří
2010 - English
This article focuses on the transport user. It assume, that the transport user is an instrument of economic growth, the efficiency and effectiveness. An efficient and effective transport system can significantly support the economic growth. Industry expects an effective and efficient transport system to support sustainable economic growth and enable it to compete in state, national and global markets. It expects an interconnected system of roads, rail, pipelines, ports and airports to ensure products reach markets quickly, efficiently and in good condition. Transport users are important economic agents from this point of view. Because people are
creators of markets, are inputs to production and consumers of goods and services. The transport task in relation to people is therefore complex. Transport user is so very important part of the transportation planning process. This article will try to resume basic aspects and important areas influenced by the force of transport user.
Keywords:
transport user; economic growth; efficiency; effectiveness
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Transport user as an instrument of economic growth, efficiency and effectiveness
This article focuses on the transport user. It assume, that the transport user is an instrument of economic growth, the efficiency and effectiveness. An efficient and effective transport system can ...
Electro acoustic analogies in MatLab environment
Kulička, Jiří
2010 - English
Analogy is a cognitive process of transferring information from a specific object (source)
to another specific object (goal), in this case means a mathematical similarity between different physical
systems and processes. This article deals with the method of calculating the resonant frequency acoustic system on the basis of electro acoustic analogy, based on isomorphism various physical systems - electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and electro acoustic. Acoustic systems can be created by combining their individual components, like electrical circuits or mechanical and hydraulic systems. The acoustic resonance in the system always takes place when it has alternating power and its impact coincides with the natural frequency of vibration. The article created electro acoustic model of flute, which is studied using a computer model in an environment of Matlab and Simulink. The model works by calculating the acoustic impedance, which is determined by the resonant frequencies. Resonance occurs always in zero point graph of a function, the impedance changes its value from negative to positive.
This model leads to very decent results when we compared the theoretical values of resonant
frequencies with calculated. The possibility of experimental investigation of acoustic systems,
the equivalent electrical circuit is in economic terms, time and according to the results and accuracy of better solutions than the investigation of their own systems. The model can be used to design dimensions of the flutes and other acoustic systems, or to improve their debugging.
Keywords:
auditory system; resonant frequency; electro acoustic analogy; electro acoustic model; flute; Matlab; acoustic impedance
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Electro acoustic analogies in MatLab environment
Analogy is a cognitive process of transferring information from a specific object (source) to another specific object (goal), in this case means a mathematical similarity between different ...
Use cases as a semi-formal way of description of the ETCS functional behaviour
Kunhart, Michal; Marek, Jakub; Ouředníček, Jan
2010 - English
The contribution presents methodology of functional requirements specification of the system ERTMS/ETCS. This methodology is based on Use Cases of Unified Modelling Language. In the first part there is a brief introduction to Use Cases - their description, aim and structure.
Next there is a description of particular parts of Use Cases, their aim, qualities and their mutual
relationships with respecting solved problem.
The following part is dedicated to relationships between particular Use Cases and their hierarchical arrangement. There are also mentioned the relationships to the following steps of the functional requirements specification and to verification and validation activities in the contribution. Also Use Cases management problem is presented.
Keywords:
use case; unified modelling language; methodology of functional requirements specification; ERTMS/ETCS
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Use cases as a semi-formal way of description of the ETCS functional behaviour
The contribution presents methodology of functional requirements specification of the system ERTMS/ETCS. This methodology is based on Use Cases of Unified Modelling Language. In the first part there ...
Controversial questions of transport policy
Drahotský, Ivo
2010 - English
The report deals with the current situation in the sphere of transportation and the connection
between transportation and the economic sector. There is an array of problems related to transportation, many of them, however, come more under the political sphere. On one hand we are forced to solve traffic jams, the ecological aspects of transportation, etc., on the other hand these activities usually mean additional costs for the users. Transportation also generates substantial funds for public finance which
would fall should transportation be limited. There is of course the effort to balance the potential fall by funds that are obtained in other ways. Therefore, the question is whether the accountable authorities will be able to inform the users that they will pay more but get less.
Keywords:
transport; transport policy; payment; transport infrastructure; financing; CO2; electronic tool
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Controversial questions of transport policy
The report deals with the current situation in the sphere of transportation and the connection between transportation and the economic sector. There is an array of problems related to transportation, ...
Function integrated track system
Hohnecker, Eberhard
2010 - English
The paper discusses a function integrated track system that focuses on the reduction of acoustic
emissions from railway lines. It is shown that the combination of an embedded rail system (ERS), a sound
absorbing track surface, and an integrated mini sound barrier has significant acoustic advantages
compared to a standard ballast superstructure. The acoustic advantages of an embedded rail system are
particularly pronounced in the case of railway bridges. Finally, it is shown that an ERS with track
integrated vibration sensors may be used as an early warning system and for monitoring the structural health of the railway infrastructure.
Keywords:
embedded rail system; mini sound barrier; track integrated sensors; structural health monitoring
Available in digital repository of UPCE.
Function integrated track system
The paper discusses a function integrated track system that focuses on the reduction of acoustic emissions from railway lines. It is shown that the combination of an embedded rail system (ERS), a ...
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