Effect of temeperature stress and water shortage on thousand grain weight of selected winter wheat varietes
Hlaváčová, Marcela; Pohanková, Eva; Klem, Karel; Trnka, Miroslav
2015 - English The aim of the presented study was to assess the effect of high temperatures and water shortage during anthesis on thousand grain weight (TGW) of two winter wheat varieties (Tobak and Pannonia). In addition, numbers of grains per spike were also assessed. The six growth chambers were used to simulate heat stress conditions within following gradient of temperature maxima: 26 degrees C (control chamber), 29, 32, 35, 38 and 41 degrees C. The relative humidity (RH) course and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity were controlled via protocols. Additionally, drought stressed (dry) and well-watered (wet) treatments were established within each growth chamber. The plants were removed from the growth chambers after 14 days and they were left until a full maturity, exposed to actual weather conditions. The TGW at 14% moisture were evaluated for particular treatments within both winter wheat varieties. TGW was generally more affected by high temperatures under drought stress than in well-watered conditions. The results revealed that Pannonia TGW was much more affected by the water deficiency in combination with high temperature (particularly 38 and 41 degrees C) than Tobak TGW. Keywords: tolerance; growth chamber; temperature stress; Thousand Grain Weight (TGW); water shortage stress; winter wheat Fulltext is available at external website. Effect of temeperature stress and water shortage on thousand grain weight of selected winter wheat varietes

The aim of the presented study was to assess the effect of high temperatures and water shortage during anthesis on thousand grain weight (TGW) of two winter wheat varieties (Tobak and Pannonia). In ...

Hlaváčová, Marcela; Pohanková, Eva; Klem, Karel; Trnka, Miroslav
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2015

Monitoring of water use, druought and yield impacts of winter wheat using imaginery from satellites
Jurečka, František; Anderson, M.; Hlavinka, Petr; Semerádová, Daniela; Trnka, Miroslav; Hain, C.; Gao, F.; Yang, Y.; Žalud, Zdeněk
2015 - English Remote sensing can be very useful tool for drought monitoring, providing valuable information about yield-limiting moisture conditions and crop response under current climate conditions. In this study the Atmosphere-land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) model was used. The ALEXI model uses the morning surface temperature (LST) rise and provides information on the surface moisture status. In this paper correlations between yields and satellite indicators of crop water use or evapotranspiration (ET) were studied for the period 2002-2014. Correlations were studied for winter wheat at district scale in Vysocina, Jihomoravsky and Olomoucky regions since winter wheat is one of the traditional and most important crops grown in these regions. The Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) was used for these correlations as an ET-based index. Time series of Pearson correlation coefficient (r) computed between ESI and winter wheat yields at district scale were analysed. Strongest correlations are associated with districts within the Southern Moravian lowlands in Jihomoravsky and Olomoucky region, where frequency of occurrence of severe drought was highest over the period of record. Severe drought resulted in significant yield impacts, particularly in years 2003 and 2012. Correlations tend to be lower over the highlands districts of Vysocina and surroundings. In these districts, yields are more temperature than moisture limited and were more stable over the period of record. Keywords: evaporative stress index; Remote sensing; drought; yield; alexi; esi Fulltext is available at external website. Monitoring of water use, druought and yield impacts of winter wheat using imaginery from satellites

Remote sensing can be very useful tool for drought monitoring, providing valuable information about yield-limiting moisture conditions and crop response under current climate conditions. In this study ...

Jurečka, František; Anderson, M.; Hlavinka, Petr; Semerádová, Daniela; Trnka, Miroslav; Hain, C.; Gao, F.; Yang, Y.; Žalud, Zdeněk
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2015

Ensolisation-silylation reaction study of selected steroids
Hehenberger, A.; Kotas, Petr; Tříska, Jan
2014 - English For the purposes of trace analysis of 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD), 1,4-androstadiene-3-one-17β-ol (Boldenone) and 17-β-estradiol in water, waste water, soil and for the further phytosterols transformation studies the enolisation-silylation reaction was studied using MSTFA and BSTFA with different catalysts as derivatization reagents. The different reaction conditions and stability of the products was also studied using GC-MS technique. Keywords: steroid hormones applications; Enolisation-silylation Available in a digital repository NRGL Ensolisation-silylation reaction study of selected steroids

For the purposes of trace analysis of 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD), 1,4-androstadiene-3-one-17β-ol (Boldenone) and 17-β-estradiol in water, waste water, soil and for the further phytosterols ...

Hehenberger, A.; Kotas, Petr; Tříska, Jan
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2014

Metabolomic approach to the study of nanoparticles impact to barley plants
Večeřa, Zbyněk; Večeřová, Kristýna; Oravec, Michal; Kozáčiková, Michaela; Urban, Otmar; Tříska, Jan
2014 - English Barley plants in the pots after formation of second leaves were exposed in the special chamber to elevated concentration of CdO nanoparticles. After three weeks exposure the content of primary metabolites was measured using metabolomic approach and compared with the control. Keywords: barley plants; concentration of CdO; metabolomic approach Available in a digital repository NRGL Metabolomic approach to the study of nanoparticles impact to barley plants

Barley plants in the pots after formation of second leaves were exposed in the special chamber to elevated concentration of CdO nanoparticles. After three weeks exposure the content of primary ...

Večeřa, Zbyněk; Večeřová, Kristýna; Oravec, Michal; Kozáčiková, Michaela; Urban, Otmar; Tříska, Jan
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2014

Košetice observatory - the czech background aerosol supersite
Váňa, Milan; Čech, J.; Holubová, A.; Pavelka, Marian; Ondráček, Jakub; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Smolík, Jiří; Zíková, Naděžda; Ždímal, Vladimír
2013 - English Keywords: atmospheric aerosols; background scale; ACTRIS; long-term monitoring Available in a digital repository NRGL Košetice observatory - the czech background aerosol supersite

Váňa, Milan; Čech, J.; Holubová, A.; Pavelka, Marian; Ondráček, Jakub; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Smolík, Jiří; Zíková, Naděžda; Ždímal, Vladimír
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2013

Metabolic rhythms of unicellular, nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria and possible interplay with modeled KaiABC circadian oscillator
Červený, Jan; Nedbal, Ladislav
2011 - English Circadian clocks of living organisms provide evolutionary advantage and make living in dynamic environment more efficient. The clocks affect human lives and health as well as control the simplest organisms such as prokaryotic cyanobacteria. The cyanobacteria represent an excellent model that is amendable to a multitude of genetic, biochemical, and biophysical methods. The cyanobacterium, Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 relies on the circadian clock to permit, in the same cell, anoxygenic nitrogen fixation at night and oxygenic photosynthesis during solar day. We measured real-time, in-situ photosynthetic and respiratory activities as well as the culture growth under light forcing conditions and also under constant light, i.e. free-running mode. Interestingly, the experiments show a strong 24h-period dynamic pattern that is replaced by apparent 12h-period in free running mode. The 24h-pattern does not change significantly when changing the light/dark ratio from 16hL/8hD to 12hL/12hD and 8hL/16hD. Furthermore, we tried to elucidate connection between these metabolic rhythms and known structure of KaiABC circadian oscillator by means of mathematical modeling. One of simulation results show a strong correlation between the presumed catabolic event indicated by significant peak in respiratory activity, and simulated dynamics of KaiB4 complex in modeled circadian pacemaker. A causal relationship between these 2 events is suggested because KaiB4 facilitates dephosphorylation of KaiC6 hexamer, which is known to signal upcoming dark period. Keywords: metabolic rhytms; nitrogen fixing; KaiABC; ciardian oscillator; dusík; sinice; oscilátory Available in a digital repository NRGL Metabolic rhythms of unicellular, nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria and possible interplay with modeled KaiABC circadian oscillator

Circadian clocks of living organisms provide evolutionary advantage and make living in dynamic environment more efficient. The clocks affect human lives and health as well as control the simplest ...

Červený, Jan; Nedbal, Ladislav
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2011