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Information fusion with functional Bregman divergence
Dedecius, Kamil
2015 - English
The report summarizes the basics of the Bregman divergence, its functional form and potential use for information fusion.
Keywords:
information fusion; bregman divergence; entropy
Fulltext is available at external website.
Information fusion with functional Bregman divergence
The report summarizes the basics of the Bregman divergence, its functional form and potential use for information fusion.
Prediction of Pedestrian Movement During The Egress Situation
Hrabák, Pavel; Ticháček, O.
2015 - English
The report summarizes the up-to-now progress in the application of the recursive estimation on the prediction of the pedestrian movement during the egress or evacuation situation. For these purposes a simple decision-making model has been introduced taking into account only the forward and sideways movement of pedestrians. Based on this model, a test simulation has been developed in order to test the applicability of the estimation tool to the stated decision-making model. Two main approaches of the decision process incorporated in the simulation are discussed and a modified version of the original model is presented. The report contains a manual to the used Matlab scripts and functions. The codes of needed m-files are incorporated as well.
Keywords:
Recursive estimation; mixture of Markov chains; pedestrian movement; egress simulation
Fulltext is available at external website.
Prediction of Pedestrian Movement During The Egress Situation
The report summarizes the up-to-now progress in the application of the recursive estimation on the prediction of the pedestrian movement during the egress or evacuation situation. For these purposes ...
Normal and uniform noise - violation of the assumption on noise distribution in model identification
Jirsa, Ladislav; Pavelková, Lenka
2015 - English
Mathematical modelling under uncertainty together with the field of applied statistics represent tools useful in many practical domains. Widely accepted assumption of normal (Gaussian) noise has created the basis for theoretical and algorithmic solutions of respective tasks. However, many continuous variables are strictly bounded and their uncertainty may have origin in various physical processes which causes a non-normal distribution of their noise. Furthermore, adaptation of algorithms based on normal model for identification of models with bounded noise can distort the estimates due to inconsistent handling of uncertainty. This report describes a study to compare results of estimation algorithms based on assumption of normal and uniform noise. Data sequences processed by the algorithms have normal noise bounded by a low limit with respect to standard deviation. We illustrate disparity between noise assumption and a true noise distribution and its influence on the quality of the estimates. It is a part of an effort to develop theory and fast algorithms for estimation with bounded noise, applicable in practice.
Keywords:
uncertainty; bounded variable; uniform noise; model identification; assumption of normal noise; estimation comparison
Fulltext is available at external website.
Normal and uniform noise - violation of the assumption on noise distribution in model identification
Mathematical modelling under uncertainty together with the field of applied statistics represent tools useful in many practical domains. Widely accepted assumption of normal (Gaussian) noise has ...
Evaluation of Kullback-Leibler Divergence
Homolová, Jitka; Kárný, Miroslav
2015 - English
Kullback-Leibler divergence is a leading measure of similarity or dissimilarity of probability distributions. This technical paper collects its analytical and numerical expressions for the broad range of distributions.
Keywords:
Kullback-Leibler divergence; cross-entropy; Bayesian decision making; Bayesian learning and approximation
Fulltext is available at external website.
Evaluation of Kullback-Leibler Divergence
Kullback-Leibler divergence is a leading measure of similarity or dissimilarity of probability distributions. This technical paper collects its analytical and numerical expressions for the broad range ...
A Portable Setup for Fast Material Appearance Acquisition
Filip, Jiří; Vávra, Radomír; Krupička, Mikuláš
2014 - English
A photo-realistic representation of material appearance can be achieved by means of bidirectional texture function (BTF) capturing a material's appearance for varying illumination, viewing directions, and spatial pixel coordinates. BTF captures many non-local effects in material structure such as inter-reflections, occlusions, shadowing, or scattering. The acquisition of BTF data is usually time and resource-intensive due to the high dimensionality of BTF data. This results in expensive, complex measurement setups and/or excessively long measurement times. We propose an approximate BTF acquisition setup based on a simple, affordable mechanical gantry containing a consumer camera and two LED lights. It captures a very limited subset of material surface images by shooting several video sequences. A psychophysical study comparing captured and reconstructed data with the reference BTFs of seven tested materials revealed that results of our method show a promising visual quality.
Keywords:
measurement setup; BTF; ABRDF; visual psychophysics; material appearance
Fulltext is available at external website.
A Portable Setup for Fast Material Appearance Acquisition
A photo-realistic representation of material appearance can be achieved by means of bidirectional texture function (BTF) capturing a material's appearance for varying illumination, viewing ...
GenEx Software library for object detection in genetical analysis evaluation: User manual
Schier, Jan; Kovář, Bohumil; Kuneš, Michal
2014 - English
This technical report contains user manual for the GenEx library for evaluation of FISH microscopy images. The purpose of the library is to find and filter objects in images from fluorescence microscope and to detect fluorescence signals contained in these objects. The library has been designed to be used for diagnostics of the Turner syndrome chromosome aneuploidies in chromosome X, in other words, to find the (roughly round) interphase nuclei and to count the associated hybridization signals. It is characterized by the following features: - separate processing channels for DAPI and for the fluorescence signals. - no restrictions on the number of the signal channels - output in the form of a CSV-file.
Keywords:
image processing; ImageJ; Fluorescence microscopy; Segmentation; Particle analysis
Fulltext is available at external website.
GenEx Software library for object detection in genetical analysis evaluation: User manual
This technical report contains user manual for the GenEx library for evaluation of FISH microscopy images. The purpose of the library is to find and filter objects in images from fluorescence ...
Convolution Model of Time-activity Curves in Blind Source Separation
Tichý, Ondřej; Šmídl, Václav
2013 - English
Availability of input and organ functions is a prerequisite for analysis of dynamic image sequences in scintigraphy and positron emission tomography (PET) via kinetic models. In PET, the input function can be directly measured by sampling the arterial blood. This invasive procedure can be substituted by extraction of the input function from the observed images. Standard procedure for the extraction is based on manual selection of a region of interest (ROI) which is user-dependent and inaccurate. The aim of our contribution is to demonstrate a new procedure for simultaneous estimation of the input and organ functions from the observed image sequence. We design a mathematical model that integrates all common assumption of the domain, including convolution of the input function and tissue-specific kernels. The input function as well as the kernel parameters are considered to be unknown. They are estimated from the observed images using the Variational Bayes method.
Keywords:
dynamic medical imaging; compartment modeling; Convolution; blind source separation
Fulltext is available at external website.
Convolution Model of Time-activity Curves in Blind Source Separation
Availability of input and organ functions is a prerequisite for analysis of dynamic image sequences in scintigraphy and positron emission tomography (PET) via kinetic models. In PET, the input ...
Fuel consumption optimization: Modication of optimality criterion in the case of speeding risk
Pavelková, Lenka
2013 - English
The report describes some experiments related to the project Ekodrive, TA ČR TA0103012, which concerns with fuel consumption optimisation under condition of keeping the recommended speed. During control, a speeding risk can occur if designed control leads to a vehicle speed that is higher than speed limit. This problem is solved by switching to an additional (non-optimal) regulator and/or by using a deterministic logic control block whenever a speed limit overrun is predicted. Here, an alternative approach is proposed which uses an original controller only but the optimality criterion is extended by one terms that penalises vehicle speed increments.
Keywords:
fuel consumption optimization; speeding risk; LQG controller
Fulltext is available at external website.
Fuel consumption optimization: Modication of optimality criterion in the case of speeding risk
The report describes some experiments related to the project Ekodrive, TA ČR TA0103012, which concerns with fuel consumption optimisation under condition of keeping the recommended speed. During ...
Inflation and the Steeplechase Between Economic Activity Variables
Baxa, Jaromír; Plašil, M.; Vašíček, B.
2013 - English
A sharp increase in unemployment accompanied by a relatively muted response of inflation during the Great Recession added further doubts to the validity of the Phillips curve and the existence of a systemic relationship between economic activity and inflation. This paper aims to show to what extent the uncertainty about the choice of proper forcing variable contributes to the ambiguity of the evidence on the Phillips curve in the United States and other G7 countries. We use dynamic model averaging (Raftery et al., 2010), which marries the flexibility of the time-varying parameter framework with the possibility of model switching in each period. Our results show that inflation seems to respond to different measures of economic activity across time and space to a varying extent and no measure of economic activity clearly dominates in all countries or over the whole sample.
Keywords:
dynamic model averaging; inflation dynamics; Phillips curve
Fulltext is available at external website.
Inflation and the Steeplechase Between Economic Activity Variables
A sharp increase in unemployment accompanied by a relatively muted response of inflation during the Great Recession added further doubts to the validity of the Phillips curve and the existence of a ...
Centralized Estimation of Adhesion Loss in Wheel-Rail System Using Variational Bayes and Variational Message Passing
Dedecius, Kamil
2013 - English
The report deals with centralized estimation of adhesion loss in system wheel-rail. Two variational methods are used for this purpose, namely the variational Bayes and the variational message passing.
Keywords:
variational Bayes; variational message passing; estimation
Fulltext is available at external website.
Centralized Estimation of Adhesion Loss in Wheel-Rail System Using Variational Bayes and Variational Message Passing
The report deals with centralized estimation of adhesion loss in system wheel-rail. Two variational methods are used for this purpose, namely the variational Bayes and the variational message ...
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