New insights into the evolution of the W chromosome in Lepidoptera
HEJNÍČKOVÁ, Martina
2017 - English Obecně přijímaným tvrzením je, že chromosom W se u motýlů (Lepidoptera) vyvinul u společného předka skupin Tischeriidae a Ditrysia. Několik druhů z těchto skupin bylo prozkoumáno metodou komparativní genomové hybridizace, a byla u nich určena ne/přítomnost chromosomu W. Navíc byla otestována u pěti vybraných genů jejich vazba na chromosom Z pomoocí zPCR. Zachovalá syntenie genů společně s absencí chromosomu W u bazálních Ditrysia (Psychidae a Tineidae) naznačuje možný nezávislý vznik chromosomů W u těchto dvou linií. It is generally accepted that the W chromosome in moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) has evolved in a common ancestor of Tischeriidae and Ditrysia. Several species of these clades were examined via comparative genomic hybridization to determine the presence of the W chromosome. In addition, in five selected genes their Z-linkage was tested by qPCR. The conserved synteny of the Z chromosome across Tischeriidae and Ditrysia, along with the W chromosome absence in the lower ditrysian families Psychidae and Tineidae, suggests a possible independent origin of the W chromosomes in these two lineages. Keywords: chromosom W; evoluce; komparativní genomová hybridizace; syntenie genů; chromosom Z; bazální Ditrysia; Lepidoptera; Tischeriidae Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. New insights into the evolution of the W chromosome in Lepidoptera

Obecně přijímaným tvrzením je, že chromosom W se u motýlů (Lepidoptera) vyvinul u společného předka skupin Tischeriidae a Ditrysia. Několik druhů z těchto skupin bylo prozkoumáno metodou komparativní ...

HEJNÍČKOVÁ, Martina
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

Predictive relevance of miR.34a, miR.224 and miR.342 in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung undergoing palliative chemotherapy
HOUFKOVÁ, Kateřina
2017 - English Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. Predictive relevance of miR.34a, miR.224 and miR.342 in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung undergoing palliative chemotherapy

HOUFKOVÁ, Kateřina
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

How universal are reserve design rules? A test using butterflies and their life history traits
BARTOŇOVÁ, Alena
2017 - English Tato práce testuje platnost ustanovených "reserve design" pravidel - způsobů, jakými jsou plánovány přírodní rezervace. Použili jsme seznamy druhů denních motýlů pro 125 českých Národních přírodních rezervací a Národních přírodních památek. Analýza funkčních vlastností druhů pomocí multivariátní statistiky odhalila odezvu motýlích společenstev na různé geometrické charakteristiky rezervací a jejich heterogenitu. Práce ukazuje, že různé druhy motýlů vyžadují různé vlastnosti rezervací v závislosti na druhových funkčních vlastnostech. This thesis uses butterfly species lists for 125 Czech National Nature Reserves and Monuments to test the validity of generally agreed 'reserve design rules' using multivariate ordination analyses. We used analyses of butterfly life history traits to seek for biological mechanisms responsible for butterfly community responses to geometric and heterogeneity characteristics of the reserves. We found that different design characteristics are important for individual species, depending on their life histories. Keywords: motýli; ochrana přírody; rezervace; funkční vlastnosti; heterogenita krajiny Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. How universal are reserve design rules? A test using butterflies and their life history traits

Tato práce testuje platnost ustanovených "reserve design" pravidel - způsobů, jakými jsou plánovány přírodní rezervace. Použili jsme seznamy druhů denních motýlů pro 125 českých Národních přírodních ...

BARTOŇOVÁ, Alena
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

Associations of fish with various types of littoral habitats in reservoirs
ŠMEJKAL, Marek
2017 - English Práce se zabývá preferencemi litorálních habitatů jednotlivými druhy ryb ve čtyřech českých nádržích. Tři nejběžnější habitat (pláže, pařezoviště, sutě) byly zvoleny pro tuto studii. Práce se zabývá rozdíly v rybí početnosti, biomase a druhovém složení mezi těmito prostředími stanovenými pomocí tenatních sítí. Dospělci cejna velkého Abramis brama, cejnka malého Blicca bjoerkna a plotice obecné Rutilus rutilus byly vázáni na pláže a pařezoviště s mírným sklonem dna, zatímco okoun říční Perca fluviatilis, ježdík obecný Gymnocephalus cernuus, bolen dravý Leuciscus aspius a štika obecná Esox lucius byly více vázáni na sutě. Tato práce demonstruje nerovnoměrné rozmístění ryb v litorálu nádrží a jejich vázanost na určité habitaty. The study investigated fish habitat association within littoral habitat of four Czech reservoirs. Three most common habitats within reservoir: beaches (former meadows), stump fields (former forest) and rubble slopes were chosen for the study. The patterns of fish biomass, abundance and species structure were analysed based on robust data obtained from gillnet sampling. Adult bream Abramis brama, white bream Blicca bjoerkna and roach Rutilus rutilus were associated with beaches and stump fields with gentle slope of the bank, whereas perch Perca fluviatilis, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus, asp Leuciscus aspius and pike Esox lucius were associated with rubble slopes. We demonstrated fish species are not distributed homogeneously in the littoral and that that most common species are associated with distinct habitats. Keywords: habitatové preference; tenata; přehradní nádrž; komplexita prostředí; sklon dna; struktura společenstva Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. Associations of fish with various types of littoral habitats in reservoirs

Práce se zabývá preferencemi litorálních habitatů jednotlivými druhy ryb ve čtyřech českých nádržích. Tři nejběžnější habitat (pláže, pařezoviště, sutě) byly zvoleny pro tuto studii. Práce se zabývá ...

ŠMEJKAL, Marek
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

CpSAT-1, a transcribed satellite sequence from the codling moth,\kur{Cydia pomonella\kur{}}
DALÍKOVÁ, Martina
2017 - English Satellite DNA represents one of the major components of repetitive genome components. Recent research is bringing more and more evidence about importance of this type of DNA, which can play both structural and functional roles in eukaryotic genomes. In this study, we described newly discovered satellite DNA in Cydia pomonella, CpSAT-1. Although this satDNA can be found in all chromosomes, it is surprisingly underrepresented on the W chromosome, the only heterochromatin block in Cydia pomonella genome. The CpSAT-1 is transcribed in all tested developmental stages and tissues. However, the potentially functional motives were found predominantly in non-conserved parts of monomer sequence. Thus the function of this new satellite DNA remains unknown. Satellite DNA represents one of the major components of repetitive genome components. Recent research is bringing more and more evidence about importance of this type of DNA, which can play both structural and functional roles in eukaryotic genomes. In this study, we described newly discovered satellite DNA in Cydia pomonella, CpSAT-1. Although this satDNA can be found in all chromosomes, it is surprisingly underrepresented on the W chromosome, the only heterochromatin block in Cydia pomonella genome. The CpSAT-1 is transcribed in all tested developmental stages and tissues. However, the potentially functional motives were found predominantly in non-conserved parts of monomer sequence. Thus the function of this new satellite DNA remains unknown. Keywords: satellite DNA; sex chromosomes; codling moth; expression; Cydia pomonella Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. CpSAT-1, a transcribed satellite sequence from the codling moth,\kur{Cydia pomonella\kur{}}

Satellite DNA represents one of the major components of repetitive genome components. Recent research is bringing more and more evidence about importance of this type of DNA, which can play both ...

DALÍKOVÁ, Martina
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

Responses of urban crows to con- and hetero-specific alarm calls in predator and non-predator zoo enclosures.
BÍLÁ, Kateřina
2017 - English I investigated if urban crows respond to con- and heterospecific alarm signals in predator and non-predator contexts in enclosures in the ZOO of Vienna. Crows responded strongly to the crow and also jackdaw alarms in both types of contexts, but also responded to the singing of great tit (control) in the predator context. This suggests that crows are aware of the danger the wolf and bear represent but are generally very cautious at the exotic Zoo animals. I investigated if urban crows respond to con- and heterospecific alarm signals in predator and non-predator contexts in enclosures in the ZOO of Vienna. Crows responded strongly to the crow and also jackdaw alarms in both types of contexts, but also responded to the singing of great tit (control) in the predator context. This suggests that crows are aware of the danger the wolf and bear represent but are generally very cautious at the exotic Zoo animals. Keywords: varovné hlasy; vrána obecná; heterospecifické signály; konspecifické signály; komunikace; intersecifické signály Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. Responses of urban crows to con- and hetero-specific alarm calls in predator and non-predator zoo enclosures.

I investigated if urban crows respond to con- and heterospecific alarm signals in predator and non-predator contexts in enclosures in the ZOO of Vienna. Crows responded strongly to the crow and also ...

BÍLÁ, Kateřina
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

Cryptosporidium testudinis sp. n., Cryptosporidium ducismarci Traversa, 2010 and Cryptosporidium tortoise genotype III (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in tortoises
JEŽKOVÁ, Jana
2017 - English Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. Cryptosporidium testudinis sp. n., Cryptosporidium ducismarci Traversa, 2010 and Cryptosporidium tortoise genotype III (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in tortoises

JEŽKOVÁ, Jana
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

A peek into diversity of terrestrial cyanobacteria collected in San Gerardo de Rivas region, Costa Rica.
HAUEROVÁ, Radka
2017 - English The presented thesis focuses on diversity of cyanobacteria collected from terrestrial habitats in the surroundings of San Gerardo de Rivas, Costa Rica. The first part of this thesis consists of a floristic survey performed on dried and subsequently revived samples using light microscopy. The second part introduces new cyanobacterial genus Calochaete (Microchaetaceae, Nostocales) with the type species C. cimrmanii. The presented thesis focuses on diversity of cyanobacteria collected from terrestrial habitats in the surroundings of San Gerardo de Rivas, Costa Rica. The first part of this thesis consists of a floristic survey performed on dried and subsequently revived samples using light microscopy. The second part introduces new cyanobacterial genus Calochaete (Microchaetaceae, Nostocales) with the type species C. cimrmanii. Keywords: cyanobacteria; Costa Rica; biodiversity; floristic survey Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. A peek into diversity of terrestrial cyanobacteria collected in San Gerardo de Rivas region, Costa Rica.

The presented thesis focuses on diversity of cyanobacteria collected from terrestrial habitats in the surroundings of San Gerardo de Rivas, Costa Rica. The first part of this thesis consists of a ...

HAUEROVÁ, Radka
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

Evolution of life history and behavior in Hominidae: Towards phylogenetic reconstruction of the chimpanzeehuman last common ancestor
DUDA, Pavel
2017 - English The origin of the fundamental behavioral differences between humans and our closest living relatives is one of the central issues of evolutionary anthropology. In this study we performed a series of phylogenetic comparative analyses using 65 selected life-history and behavioral characters for all extant hominid species to reconstruct the ancestral character states of the last common ancestors of Hominidae, Homininae and Hominini (the chimpanzee-human last common ancestor). These analyses show that many fundamental behavioral and life-history attributes of hominids (including humans) are evidently ancient and likely inherited from the common ancestor of all hominids. On the other hand, numerous behaviors present in extant great apes represent their own terminal autapomorphies (both uniquely derived and homoplastic). We demonstrate that phylogenetic reconstruction of ancestral states is able to provide a detailed suite of behavioral, ecological and life-history characters for each hypothetical ancestor. The living great apes therefore play an important role for the identification of the traits found in the chimpanzee-human last common ancestor, some of which are likely to represent behaviors of the fossil hominins. The origin of the fundamental behavioral differences between humans and our closest living relatives is one of the central issues of evolutionary anthropology. In this study we performed a series of phylogenetic comparative analyses using 65 selected life-history and behavioral characters for all extant hominid species to reconstruct the ancestral character states of the last common ancestors of Hominidae, Homininae and Hominini (the chimpanzee-human last common ancestor). These analyses show that many fundamental behavioral and life-history attributes of hominids (including humans) are evidently ancient and likely inherited from the common ancestor of all hominids. On the other hand, numerous behaviors present in extant great apes represent their own terminal autapomorphies (both uniquely derived and homoplastic). We demonstrate that phylogenetic reconstruction of ancestral states is able to provide a detailed suite of behavioral, ecological and life-history characters for each hypothetical ancestor. The living great apes therefore play an important role for the identification of the traits found in the chimpanzee-human last common ancestor, some of which are likely to represent behaviors of the fossil hominins. Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. Evolution of life history and behavior in Hominidae: Towards phylogenetic reconstruction of the chimpanzeehuman last common ancestor

The origin of the fundamental behavioral differences between humans and our closest living relatives is one of the central issues of evolutionary anthropology. In this study we performed a series of ...

DUDA, Pavel
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017

Jodurie a diabetes mellitus typu 1 - vztahy k vybraným klinickým parametrům u dospělých diabetiků
VOSÁTKOVÁ, Michala
2017 - English Hlavním cílem studie bylo získat základní informace o stavu saturace jodem u diabetiků 1. typu, do jaké míry se odlišuje od nediabetické populace a zda zásobení jodem souvisí s některými klinickými a laboratorními charakteristikami diabetického syndromu, včetně stavu štítné žlázy. The main aims of this study were to obtain information about iodine saturation in patients with type 1 diabetes, determine to what extent this saturation differs from the non-diabetic population and determine whether iodine levels are related to several clinical and laboratory parameters characteristic of diabetic syndrome, including thyroid status. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; jod; jodurie; jodová deficience; štítná žláza Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia. Jodurie a diabetes mellitus typu 1 - vztahy k vybraným klinickým parametrům u dospělých diabetiků

Hlavním cílem studie bylo získat základní informace o stavu saturace jodem u diabetiků 1. typu, do jaké míry se odlišuje od nediabetické populace a zda zásobení jodem souvisí s některými klinickými a ...

VOSÁTKOVÁ, Michala
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2017