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Ceramic protection of anti-corrosion layers of 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane on steel
Pokorný, P.; Prodanović, N.; Janata, Marek; Brožek, Vlastimil
2023 - anglický
There are various variations on the problem of steel reinforcement bond strength in concrete. Along with geometrical considerations, corrosion performance of steels with varying chemical compositions in interaction with variable chemical compositions of concrete are crucial. One approach is to cover steel surfaces with organosilane compounds, which increases the reinforcement resistance to corrosion in both acidic and alkaline conditions but, on the other hand, may weaken the reinforcement bond strength on concrete. The issue is resolved by intentionally forming a thin-walled, highly adhering corundum layer that is highly porous and impregnated with 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane. This procedure also includes testing the adhesion properties between the ceramic and the metal and the cement prior to conducting a corrosion test in a chloride environment.
Klíčová slova:
steel; concrete; ceramics
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Ceramic protection of anti-corrosion layers of 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane on steel
There are various variations on the problem of steel reinforcement bond strength in concrete. Along with geometrical considerations, corrosion performance of steels with varying chemical compositions ...
Ceramic protection of anti-corrosion layers of 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane on steel
Pokorný, P.; Janata, Marek; Brožek, Vlastimil
2023 - anglický
There are various variations on the problem of steel reinforcement bond strength in concrete. Along with geometrical considerations, corrosion performance of steels with varying chemical compositions in interaction with variable chemical compositions of concrete are crucial. One approach is to cover steel surfaces with organosilane compounds, which increases the reinforcement resistance to corrosion in both acidic and alkaline conditions but, on the other hand, may weaken the reinforcement bond strength on concrete. The issue is resolved by intentionally forming a thin-walled, highly adhering corundum layer that is highly porous and impregnated with 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane. This procedure also includes testing the adhesion properties between the ceramic and the metal and the cement prior to conducting a corrosion test in a chloride environment.
Klíčová slova:
ceramic protection; 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane; steel
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Ceramic protection of anti-corrosion layers of 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane on steel
There are various variations on the problem of steel reinforcement bond strength in concrete. Along with geometrical considerations, corrosion performance of steels with varying chemical compositions ...
Composite coatings containing nanometric constituents prepared by plasma spraying with liquid feedstocks
Mušálek, Radek; Tesař, Tomáš; Medřický, Jan; Čížek, Jan; Lukáč, František
2021 - anglický
Plasma spraying of liquid feedstocks allows deposition of materials with novel microstructures. Due to the combination of a liquid carrier and ultrafine powders (in case of suspensions) or in-situ formation of the final material in the plasma jet (in case of solutions), preparation of ultrafine composites is possible, typically in a form of coatings on the substrates. Moreover, both suspension and solution spraying routes can be easily combined, either together or even with conventional plasma spraying of coarse dry powders, thus merging benefits of “nanometric” and “micrometric” constituents in the final composite microstructure. As a consequence, liquid feedstock plasma spraying represents an industrially-relevant deposition process with wide variability, providing coatings with properties tailored for various applications ranging from compact wear-resistant layers, porous thermal barrier coatings, bio-compatible medical coatings, catalyst carriers, fuel-cells, etc. The paper introduces several examples of such ultrafine coatings recently deposited at IPP CAS using hybrid water-stabilized plasma torch.
Klíčová slova:
Coatings; Functionally graded materials (FGMs); Liquid feedstock; Plasma spraying
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Composite coatings containing nanometric constituents prepared by plasma spraying with liquid feedstocks
Plasma spraying of liquid feedstocks allows deposition of materials with novel microstructures. Due to the combination of a liquid carrier and ultrafine powders (in case of suspensions) or in-situ ...
Preparation of W-Cu composites by infiltration of w skeletons review
Matějíček, Jiří
2021 - anglický
Tungsten-copper composites feature high corrosion and erosion resistance, very good thermal and electrical conductivity, low thermal expansion and good mechanical properties. They are used in a variety of demanding applications, such as arc-resistant electrodes, high voltage electrical contacts, heat sinks for integrated circuits, etc. They are also foreseen for use in plasma-facing components of fusion reactors, e.g. as a transition layer between the (refractory) plasma-facing tungsten and the (highly conductive) copper-based cooling structure. In general, high density and good bonding of the tungsten and copper phases is desired. Molten copper infiltration into tungsten preforms is among the prospective fabrication technologies - the structure and properties of the resultant composites are dependent on the specific technological parameters. In this paper, the preparation of W-Cu composites by infiltration of W skeletons is reviewed and attention is paid to the influence of these particular parameters: infiltration temperature, time and atmosphere, tungsten preform porosity, orientation and chemistry (presence or absence of other elements). Optimum parameter combinations for achieving high density and proper bonding of copper and tungsten are identified.
Klíčová slova:
Composites; Copper; Molten copper infiltration; Tungsten
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Preparation of W-Cu composites by infiltration of w skeletons review
Tungsten-copper composites feature high corrosion and erosion resistance, very good thermal and electrical conductivity, low thermal expansion and good mechanical properties. They are used in a ...
High temperature corrosion behaviour of nicr-based coatings applied by twin wire arc spray technology
Lencová, K.; Vostřák, M.; Naďová, J.; Lukáč, František; Mušálek, Radek
2021 - anglický
High temperature corrosion is a serious problem related to the combustion of heavy oils with high vanadium contents. Protective overlay coatings are used to allow functioning of engineering components under extreme conditions and provide corrosion resistance to extend the component life. This article is concerned with the high temperature corrosion behaviour of two protective NiCr-based coatings and bare structural steel 1.4959 (W.nr.) in a molten salt environment of 40% Na2SO4 and 60% V2O5 at 750 °C under cyclic condition. NiCr and NiCrMoNbTa coating was deposited on steel 1.4903 (W.nr.) by Twin wire arc spray technology (TWAS). To establish the kinetics of corrosion, the thermogravimetric technique was used. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to analyse the corrosion products and determine the corrosion mechanism. The hot corrosion resistance of both coatings was better than bare steel samples. The NiCrMoNbTa coating showed better corrosion behaviour than the NiCr coating. However, also the NiCr coating provides sufficient protection to the substrate material.
Klíčová slova:
Heavy oils; High temperature corrosion; NiCr; NiCr-based coating; NiCrMoNbTa; Twin Wire Arc Spray; Vanadium
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
High temperature corrosion behaviour of nicr-based coatings applied by twin wire arc spray technology
High temperature corrosion is a serious problem related to the combustion of heavy oils with high vanadium contents. Protective overlay coatings are used to allow functioning of engineering components ...
Metodika charakterizace tvaru laserových tyčí pomocí multi vlnové interferometrie
Matoušek, Ondřej; Kredba, Jan; Procháska, František
2020 - český
Vytvořená metodika popisuje metodu multi vlnové interferometrie s řízenou změnou fáze a způsob její aplikace pro charakterizaci laserových tyčí, která umožňuje měření tvaru čelních povrchů, klínu, deformace průchozí vlnoplochy a vnitřní nehomogenity v jediném měřícím cyklu. The developed methodology describes the method of the multi-wave interferometry with controlled phase changing and the way of its application for the characterization of laser rod, which allows measurement of the shape of the front surfaces, wedge, deformation of the passing wavefront and internal inhomogeneity in a single measuring cycle
Klíčová slova:
Multi-wave interferometry
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Metodika charakterizace tvaru laserových tyčí pomocí multi vlnové interferometrie
Vytvořená metodika popisuje metodu multi vlnové interferometrie s řízenou změnou fáze a způsob její aplikace pro charakterizaci laserových tyčí, která umožňuje měření tvaru čelních povrchů, klínu, ...
Microstructure and microhardness evaluation for NiCrAlY materials manufactured by spark plasma sintering and plasma spraying
Hulka, Iosif; Mušálek, Radek; Lukáč, František; Klečka, Jakub; Chráska, Tomáš
2020 - anglický
NiCrAlY deposited by different thermal spraying methods is commonly used as the bond coat material in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In the present study, two experimental coatings were deposited by hybrid water stabilized plasma (WSP-H) and radio frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) using the same feedstock powder. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to manufacture a compact NiCrAlY from the same feedstock powder as a reference material. Microstructure, internal oxidation, phase characterization and quantification of the mechanical behaviour in terms of microhardness were studied. The investigations clearly showed microstructural and mechanical differences between the NiCrAlY samples manufactured by different plasma technologies. The results confirmed that SPS and RF-ICP provide dense structures with no oxides due to the fabrication under protective atmosphere and similar mechanical properties. Thus, RF-ICP may be used for deposition of very dense coatings with microstructure and hardness comparable to compacted materials prepared by SPS.
Klíčová slova:
Microhardness; Microstructure; NiCrAlY; Plasma spraying; Spark plasma sintering
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Microstructure and microhardness evaluation for NiCrAlY materials manufactured by spark plasma sintering and plasma spraying
NiCrAlY deposited by different thermal spraying methods is commonly used as the bond coat material in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In the present study, two experimental coatings were deposited by ...
Tungsten-steel and tungsten-chromium composites prepared by RF plasma spraying
Matějíček, Jiří; Klečka, Jakub; Čížek, Jan; Veverka, Jakub; Vilémová, Monika; Chráska, Tomáš; Ganesh, V.
2020 - anglický
For future fusion reactors, materials able to withstand harsh environments are needed. In particular, this concerns the plasma-facing components which are foreseen to consist of tungsten based plasma-facing armor and structural and cooling part made of steel. Currently, joining of these materials presents a significant challenge. The stress concentration at their interface, which arises due to thermal exposure and the difference in thermal and mechanical properties, can be reduced by composite/graded interlayers. Plasma spraying is among the prospective technologies for their preparation. In this work, tungsten-steel and tungsten-chromium composites were prepared by radio-frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) spraying. Initial optimization of the spraying process for pure materials as well as their mixtures was carried out. Basic characterization of the layers for their structure, porosity and composition is presented.
Klíčová slova:
tungsten; composites; RF plasma spraying
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Tungsten-steel and tungsten-chromium composites prepared by RF plasma spraying
For future fusion reactors, materials able to withstand harsh environments are needed. In particular, this concerns the plasma-facing components which are foreseen to consist of tungsten based ...
Bakerova širokoúhlá fotografická komora s paraboloidickým zrcadlem
Rail, Zdeněk; Melich, Zbyněk; Šrajer, Bohdan; Vápenka, David; Tomka, David; Thoř, Tomáš; Pintr, Pavel; Macner, David
2020 - český
Zorné pole paraboloidického zrcadla je malé. Dominantní vada, která omezuje jeho úhlový průměr, je koma. Pomocí systémů čoček a asférických desek je možné u zrcadlových systémů mimoosové obrazy hvězd opravit a zorná pole zvětšit. V této práci předkládáme návrh takové fotografické komory, spočtené Jamesem G. Bakerem. Jeho fotografický přístroj se skládá z paraboloidického zrcadla, tmeleného dubletu před ohniskem a z asférické korekční desky, umístěné ve vstupním paralelním svazku před soustavou. A field of view of the paraboloidal mirror is small. Dominant aberration which limits its angular diameter is coma. Using correctors consisting lenses and aspherical plates star images of the mirror systems can be radically corrected. In this paper we present optical design of such photographic camera computed by James G. Baker. His device is composed of a paraboloidal mirror, a cemented dublet in front of focus and an aspherical plate placed in entrance parallel beam.
Klíčová slova:
paraboloidal mirror; lens corrector; cemented dublet; aspheric plate; optical aberrations
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Bakerova širokoúhlá fotografická komora s paraboloidickým zrcadlem
Zorné pole paraboloidického zrcadla je malé. Dominantní vada, která omezuje jeho úhlový průměr, je koma. Pomocí systémů čoček a asférických desek je možné u zrcadlových systémů mimoosové obrazy hvězd ...
Design of experimental device for testing of subcooled flow boilling
Gleitz, M.; Zacha, P.; Entler, Slavomír; Syblík, J.
2020 - anglický
The article presents the principle and function of the Hypervapotron and the current work progress on the realisation of the experimental loop. Hypervapotron is a heat exchanger operating in a two-phase flow regime, in which the latent heat of the water/steam phase transformation is used, which enables the transfer of large heat fluxes (up to tens of MW/m(2)). For this reason, it appears to be very promising for use in fusion reactors. The article describes the steps leading to the final design of the experimental loop selection of suitable mesh parameters in the Star-CCM+ code, geometry and used materials of the single elements of the heating system using electromagnetic induction. The effort of the experimental loop and the flow study in the Hypervapotron in general, is dimensional and material optimization of the geometry is suitable for a wide range of applications for which the benefits of subcooled boiling and Hypervapotron geometry can be applied.
Klíčová slova:
Hypervapotron; Star-CCM; Fusion; Subcooled boiling; Induction heating
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Design of experimental device for testing of subcooled flow boilling
The article presents the principle and function of the Hypervapotron and the current work progress on the realisation of the experimental loop. Hypervapotron is a heat exchanger operating in a ...
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