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ACTRIS IMP – ÚČAST ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY V NÁRODNÍCH VÝZKUMNÝCH INFRASTRUKTURÁCH A TÉMATICKÝCH CENTRECH ACTRIS
Ondráček, Jakub; Váňa, M.; Klánová, J.; Holoubek, Ivan; Ždímal, V.
2019 - anglický
ACTRIS (The Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure) je panevropskou výzkumnou infrastrukturou, jejímž hlavním cílem je tvorba vysoce kvalitních dat a podávání informací o krátkodobých složkách atmosféry a o procesech vedoucích ke změnám těchto složek v přírodním a kontrolovaném laboratorním prostředí. ACTRIS je dlouhodobou aktivitou (již od roku 2012, viz. Obr. 1) více než 100 partnerských organizací po celé Evropě, jejichž cílem je integrace, harmonizace a distribuce vysoce kvalitních vědeckých výstupů poskytovaných nejlepšími pracovišti atmosférického výzkumu v (prozatím) 22 evropských zemích. ACTRIS je logickým pokračováním 15-tiletého rozvoje velkých výzkumných infrastruktur financovaného členskými státy a evropskou komisí (EC) prostřednictvím programu výzkumných infrastruktur (Research Infrastructure programme) zahrnujících např. Projekty EARLINET, EUSAAR, CREATE a CLOUDNET.
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
ACTRIS IMP – ÚČAST ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY V NÁRODNÍCH VÝZKUMNÝCH INFRASTRUKTURÁCH A TÉMATICKÝCH CENTRECH ACTRIS
ACTRIS (The Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure) je panevropskou výzkumnou infrastrukturou, jejímž hlavním cílem je tvorba vysoce kvalitních dat a podávání informací o krátkodobých ...
Assessment of the Estimates of Sun-induced Fluorescence in large masses of Vegetation
Rodriguez-Moreno, Fernando; Zemek, František; Pikl, Miroslav
2019 - anglický
The remote estimation of the sun-induced fluorescence has been successful in fields in which, in addition to the measurements for the verification, there is also a detailed characterization\nof the atmosphere, besides being an optimal environment, flat surface without interferences. Revealing the fluorescence is a process of precision because the minimum error tolerated forces each element of the chain to fulfill its function exactly and consistently. The detailed monitoring of a flight line is not feasible, hence the uncertainty in this process and the reason for the series of publications with the new estimation of fluorescence.
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři Akademie Věd.
Assessment of the Estimates of Sun-induced Fluorescence in large masses of Vegetation
The remote estimation of the sun-induced fluorescence has been successful in fields in which, in addition to the measurements for the verification, there is also a detailed characterization\nof the ...
A 5 year´s source apportionment study of black carbon from biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion at a rural background site
Mbengue, Saliou; Šerfözö, Norbert; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Zíková, Naděžda; Holubová, Adéla; Holoubek, Ivan
2019 - anglický
The impacts of Black Carbon (BC) on adverse public health and Earth’s climate system have been recognized and evidenced in recent decades. Most of the studies on BC were conducted in urban/traffic areas. There are relatively few studies using real-time measurements of BC at rural background areas, especially in Central Europe. This study is a 5-year characterization of BC from biomass burning (BCbb) and fossil fuel combustion (BCff) at the National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice (49°35ʹ N, 15°05ʹ E), in central Czech Republic. The measurements of BC in PM10 were performed at 4 m above the ground with a multiple wavelength aethalometer (AE31, Magee Scientific). Paralell measurement of trace gases (NO2, NOx and SO2), biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan and mannosan) and meteorological parameters (temperature, wind speed and direction) were also performed at the station.
Klíčová slova:
black carbon; biomass; fossil fuels
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
A 5 year´s source apportionment study of black carbon from biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion at a rural background site
The impacts of Black Carbon (BC) on adverse public health and Earth’s climate system have been recognized and evidenced in recent decades. Most of the studies on BC were conducted in urban/traffic ...
Source apportionment of equivalent black carbon (ebc) at a regional blackground site in central europe
Mbengue, Saliou; Šerfözö, Norbert; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Zíková, Naděžda; Holubová, Adéla; Holoubek, I.
2019 - anglický
This study focuses on a 5-year measurement of equivalent Black carbon (EBC) at a regional background site in Central Europe. The aim is to identify the potential sources of EBC, especially fossil fuel (ff) and biomass burning (bb). Measurements of EBC in PM10 were performed from September 2012 to December 2017 at NAOK (National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice, 49°35ʹ N, 15°05ʹ E), central Czech Republic, with a 7-wavelength aethalometer (AE31, Magee Scientific). The aethalometer model, based on the wavelength dependence of light absorption (Angstrom coefficient), has been used to estimate EBCbb (EBC from biomass burning) and EBCff (EBC from traffic). The influence of local and distant sources has been investigated using the Conditional Probability Function (CPF) and Backward Trajectories Cluster Analysis (BTCA).\nClear seasonal, diurnal and weekly variations of EBC were observed at the NAOK that could be related to the sources fluctuations and transport characteristic. The higher concentrations of EBC were measured during winter (1.00 ±0.87 μg m-3) in comparison with summer (0.44 ±0.29 μg m-3).\n
Klíčová slova:
equivalent black carbon; source apportionment; biomass burning; fossil fuel
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
Source apportionment of equivalent black carbon (ebc) at a regional blackground site in central europe
This study focuses on a 5-year measurement of equivalent Black carbon (EBC) at a regional background site in Central Europe. The aim is to identify the potential sources of EBC, especially fossil fuel ...
Measurement of the vertical profile of the ground level of the atmosphere using an unmanned platform First results
Novotný, J.; Bystrický, R.; Dejinal, K.; Trusina, Jan; Komínková, Kateřina
2019 - anglický
Application of new technologies such as unmanned platforms is also on the rise in meteorology. The paper brings the first comparison of measurement sensors placed on the drone with standard meteorological measure-ments on the mast. The mast data provides continuous data over time, but not in space and only in five defined heights. The first results show a good match between mast measurements and measurements using a flying dron in wind direction and wind speed. Additional influences specific to the newly designed measurement method is the main problem, which must be solved.
Klíčová slova:
Drone; Meteorological mast; Temperature; Vertical profile; Wind
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Measurement of the vertical profile of the ground level of the atmosphere using an unmanned platform First results
Application of new technologies such as unmanned platforms is also on the rise in meteorology. The paper brings the first comparison of measurement sensors placed on the drone with standard ...
Interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration, drought and nitrogen nutrition on malting quality of spring barley
Simor, J.; Klem, Karel; Psota, V.
2019 - anglický
Elevated CO2 concentration [EC] generally leads to increased rates of photosynthesis, increased formation of assimilates and finally to storing them in the grain. Increased storage of starch in the grain, however, leads to an unbalanced proportion to the proteins, and their relative content decreases. This is particularly apparent in the conditions of nitrogen deficiency. The interactive effects of EC, nitrogen nutrition and reduced water availability are, however, not yet sufficiently understood. Within the manipulation experiment in open top chambers (Domaninek near Bystrice nad Pernstejnem) that allow simulation of EC (expected by the end of this century 700 ppm) and drought, the effect of these interactions on protein content, and other quality parameters of spring barley grain was studied. EC reduced grain protein content, increased extract, Kolbach index and also summary Malting quality index. Such effect was more pronounced under higher nitrogen dose, which generally worsened malting quality parameters. Reduced water availability slightly enhanced all malting quality parameters and also showed slight synergistic effect to EC. No clear interactive effects on malting quality were found for nitrogen nutrition and water availability.
Klíčová slova:
protein-concentration; wheat; impacts; crop; malting barley; greenhouse gases; nitrogen fertilization; reduced water availability
Plné texty jsou dostupné na jednotlivých ústavech Akademie věd ČR.
Interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration, drought and nitrogen nutrition on malting quality of spring barley
Elevated CO2 concentration [EC] generally leads to increased rates of photosynthesis, increased formation of assimilates and finally to storing them in the grain. Increased storage of starch in the ...
New particle formation measurement down to 1.2 nm at noak
Holubová, Adéla; Zíková, Naděžda; Ždímal, Vladimír
2019 - anglický
Atmospheric aerosols influence Earths climatic system and human health. Role of aerosols in climatic system still includes uncertainties strongly influencing model simulations (Zhao et al. \n2018). One of the uncertainties is caused by secondary aerosol formation and their consequent growth. Nucleation of aerosol particles is a process determined by presence of aerosol precursors in atmosphere and by ambient atmospheric conditions (Dada et al. 2017). \nSince new particle formation (NPF) events have been observed in many types of environment (Kulmala et al. 2004), we have focused on NPF events at background station in the Czech Republic, representative for central European region. In this study we investigate NPF process of aerosol clusters from 1.2 nm in size.\n
Klíčová slova:
particle formation; particle measurement; Atmospheric boundary layer; NAOK
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři NUŠL
New particle formation measurement down to 1.2 nm at noak
Atmospheric aerosols influence Earths climatic system and human health. Role of aerosols in climatic system still includes uncertainties strongly influencing model simulations (Zhao et al. \n2018). ...
Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
Boateng, K. A.; Mensah, Caleb; Agyei, Thomas; Švik, Marian
2018 - anglický
According to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. Thus, the preservation of natural environment of urban areas is essential for conserving water and soil, while still adjusting the microclimatic variables (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, etc.) and stabilizing the natural ecological system from destruction. It has been observed that most parts of city's green vegetation have been lost due to housing developments and commercial activities. This study was carried out to assess the effect of the change in land use on a modern city like Sunyani, by observing the significant changes in vegetation cover from LANDSAT TM imagery over a 31-year period (1986-2017). From the study, there was significant decline of vegetation cover from 1986 to 1999, and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. There were also significant changes in the built-up areas from 1986 to 1999 and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. Adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies that maintain open green vegetation is recommended for future city planning.
Klíčová slova:
Climate change; Green vegetation; landsat; Open green spaces; Urbanization
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
According to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. ...
Characterization of equivalent black carbon (ebc) at a regional backgound site in Central Europe: Variability and source identification
Mbengue, Saliou; Šerfözö, Norbert; Holubová Šmejkalová, Adéla; Holoubek, Ivan
2018 - anglický
Black carbon (BC) is recognized to play an important role on adverse public health and in the Earth’s climate system (Bond et al., 2013). It is the most efficient light-absorbing aerosol species in the visible spectrum emitted as primary pollutant from a variety of combustion related sources. Although measurements of Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC) with multiple wavelength aethalometer have been used to provide insights regarding the influence of fossil fuel (traffic emissions) and wood smoke in ambient air (Sandradewi et al., 2008, Vaishya et al 2017), scarce studies have been reported in Eastern Central Europe using real-time EBC measurements.\nThis study focuses on the seasonal, diurnal and weekly trends of EBC at a regional background site in Central Europe during a 5-year measurement. Our aim is to identify the potential sources of EBC, especially the influence from fossil fuel and biomass burning.
Klíčová slova:
Equivalent Black Carbon; 7-wavelength aethalometer; Ångström absorption exponent; Delta-C; BC variability and sources
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Characterization of equivalent black carbon (ebc) at a regional backgound site in Central Europe: Variability and source identification
Black carbon (BC) is recognized to play an important role on adverse public health and in the Earth’s climate system (Bond et al., 2013). It is the most efficient light-absorbing aerosol species in ...
Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
Boateng, K. A.; Mensah, Caleb; Agyei, Thomas; Švik, Marian
2018 - anglický
Changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. Thus, the preservation of natural environment of urban areas is essential for conserving water and soil, while still adjusting the microclimatic variables (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, etc.) and stabilizing the natural ecological system from destruction. It has been observed that most parts of city's green vegetation have been lost due to housing developments and commercial activities. This study was carried out to assess the effect of the change in land use on a modern city like Sunyani, by observing the significant changes in vegetation cover from LANDSAT TM imagery over a 31-year period (1986 – 2017). From the study, there was significant decline of vegetation cover from 1986 to 1999, and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. There were also significant changes in the built-up areas from 1986 to 1999 and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. Adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies that maintain open green vegetation is recommended for future city planning.
Klíčová slova:
climate change; green vegetation; landsat; open green spaces; urbanization
Dokument je dostupný na externích webových stránkách.
Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
Changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. Thus, the preservation of natural environment of urban areas is essential for conserving ...
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