Application of genetic methods for the detection of deer origin and existence of interspecific hybridization
Krojerová-Prokešová, Jarmila; Barančeková, Miroslava; Koubek, Petr
2014 - Czech Hybridization between native red deer and non-native sika deer is a real threat in the Czech Republic, even though its existence has been questioned for a long time. The main cause of hybrids’ non-acceptance has been the fact that no reliable methods of their detection exist until recently. However, the application of modern molecular-genetic methods, mainly the analyses of microsatellite loci polymorphism, helps us to detect the proportion of hybrid individuals in wild populations and to establish necessary management measures for their elimination. Most importantly, the usage of molecular-genetic methods enables to detect hybrid individuals of next generations that bear no visible phenotypic signs of previous hybridisation. Mezidruhová hybridizaci mezi nepůvodním jelenem sika a původním jelenem lesním představuje v České republice vážný problém, i když o její existenci se dlouho pochybovalo. Hlavní příčinou nedůvěry v existenci kříženců byl zejména fakt, že až donedávna neexistovala žádná zcela spolehlivá metoda jejich detekce. Aplikování molekulárně-genetických metod, především využití mikrosatelitových markerů, by nám mělo pomoci určit celkový podíl hybridních jedinců v populaci a stanovit příslušná opatření k jejich eliminaci. Právě využití molekulární genetiky totiž umožňuje odhalit i hybridní jedince dalších generací, kteří již navenek nenesou žádné fenotypové znaky po předcházejícím mezidruhovém křížení. Keywords: red deer; sika deer; cross-breeding; inter-specific hybridization; Czech Republic Available at various institutes of the ASCR Application of genetic methods for the detection of deer origin and existence of interspecific hybridization

Hybridization between native red deer and non-native sika deer is a real threat in the Czech Republic, even though its existence has been questioned for a long time. The main cause of hybrids’ ...

Krojerová-Prokešová, Jarmila; Barančeková, Miroslava; Koubek, Petr
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2014

Vzpomínka na prof. Ing. Vlastimila Baruše, DrSc
Peňáz, Milan; Spurný, P.; Prokeš, Miroslav
2014 - Czech Keywords: Obituary Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Vzpomínka na prof. Ing. Vlastimila Baruše, DrSc

Peňáz, Milan; Spurný, P.; Prokeš, Miroslav
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2014

The structure of zooplankton in diet of common bream (Abramis brama) during biomanipulation
Zapletal, T.; Špaček, J.; Jurajda, Pavel; Všetičková, Lucie
2014 - Czech The structure of zooplankton in diet of common bream (Abramis brama) was analysed in the Hamry water supply reservoir during the period 2011-2014. Fish were captured by gill netting, beach seining and electrofishing in the littoral part of reservoir. Minimum twenty specimens of each size group were taken for analysis on each sampling occasion. Zooplankton in the diet of adult bream SL 210-315 mm and subadult SL 124-186 mm made recedent proportion. Juvenile bream (0+) SL 18-51 mm consumed zooplankton only. Daphnia galeata was dominant there. We found that decrease of cladoceran communities in the water supply reservoir might to cohere (related) with this specific feeding activity of bream's fry and the feeding competition of bream's and perch's fry in it's habitats. Keywords: common bream; biomanipulation Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR The structure of zooplankton in diet of common bream (Abramis brama) during biomanipulation

The structure of zooplankton in diet of common bream (Abramis brama) was analysed in the Hamry water supply reservoir during the period 2011-2014. Fish were captured by gill netting, beach seining and ...

Zapletal, T.; Špaček, J.; Jurajda, Pavel; Všetičková, Lucie
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2014

Biomanipulation measures at the Hamry water supply reservoir - poor reaction of phytoplankton to planctivorous fish reduction
Jurajda, Pavel; Adámek, Zdeněk; Janáč, Michal; Roche, Kevin; Mikl, Libor; Rederer, L.; Zapletal, T.; Koza, V.; Špaček, J.
2014 - Czech One measure commonly used for improving water quality in open waters is biomanipulation of fish stock. Previous studies in shallow lakes confirm the importance of reducing cyprinid populations for increasing zooplankton. Empirical results from reservoirs, however, are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an intensive reduction of cyprinid fishes and perch fry density between 2009 and 2013 on water quality in the Hamry drinking water reservoir. The abundance of common bream broodstock decreased by around 12 000 individuals over the five years, and biomass dropped below 20 kg.ha-1. Stocking with pike and zander proved less effective. In reservoirs similar to Hamry, reduction of bream biomass can be a highly effective means of increasing filtering zooplankton biomass. Phytoplankton dynamics, however, appear to depend on additional factors, with nutrient loading (especially phosphorus) probably playing the primary role. Keywords: phytoplankton; Hamry water supply reservoir Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Biomanipulation measures at the Hamry water supply reservoir - poor reaction of phytoplankton to planctivorous fish reduction

One measure commonly used for improving water quality in open waters is biomanipulation of fish stock. Previous studies in shallow lakes confirm the importance of reducing cyprinid populations for ...

Jurajda, Pavel; Adámek, Zdeněk; Janáč, Michal; Roche, Kevin; Mikl, Libor; Rederer, L.; Zapletal, T.; Koza, V.; Špaček, J.
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2014

Spatial distribution of carp in semi-intensive pond
Mrkvová, Markéta; Zukal, Jan; Adámek, Zdeněk; Šútovský, I.; Jurajda, Pavel
2014 - Czech In semi-intensive pond aquaculture, the dietary requirements of the species cultured (mainly carp Cyprinus carpio) are guaranteed through consumption of natural food organisms together with "supplementary" feed inputs. As a result, we hypothesise that carp will utilise the whole area of the pond in their search for those places where natural food is available. To date, there has been no in-depth study on fish behaviour and feeding habits in such ponds, despite the possibility of food competition where fish are stocked at high densities. Such competition could lead to decreased growth in younger fish cohorts, leading to poorer flesh quality. In this study, we use radio-telemetry to provide new information on carp behaviour in a 130ha pond under semi-intensive aquaculture. Our results indicate that fish distribution in the pond is uneven, with fish using approximately two-thirds of the pond area. This behaviour was partly influenced by size-class. Some fish tended to remain at localities where supplementary food was regularly provided, but some of them used both localities with supplementary and natural food. These results should prove useful for improving fish feeding regimes in ponds using a similar semiintensive system to our model pond. Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Spatial distribution of carp in semi-intensive pond

In semi-intensive pond aquaculture, the dietary requirements of the species cultured (mainly carp Cyprinus carpio) are guaranteed through consumption of natural food organisms together with ...

Mrkvová, Markéta; Zukal, Jan; Adámek, Zdeněk; Šútovský, I.; Jurajda, Pavel
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2014

Gobiidae - food competitors for our native fish species?
Všetičková, Lucie; Jurajda, Pavel; Vašek, Mojmír; Adámek, Zdeněk; Roche, Kevin
2014 - Czech To date, two species of the non-native Gobiidae family have been recorded in the Czech Republic: the tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus). The aim of this study was to assess the dietary habits of these two species, with the relationship between goby diet and that of native species (potential competition, predation) of particular interest. Early results suggest that the main dietary items of both gobiids are common benthic invertebrates such as Chironomidae, Trichoptera and Ephemeroptera. Fish eggs and fry were rarely taken by either species and, when taken, consisted almost exclusively of eggs and fry of their own species (cannibalism). In addition, the round goby was shown to be necrophagous, scavenging on large fish carcasses. This behaviour si relatively rare in the Czech fish assemblage. Our results suggest that tubenose and round goby, while not predating heavily on native benthivorous species, may still represent possible competitors. Keywords: tubenose goby; round goby; Czech Republic Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Gobiidae - food competitors for our native fish species?

To date, two species of the non-native Gobiidae family have been recorded in the Czech Republic: the tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus). The aim of this ...

Všetičková, Lucie; Jurajda, Pavel; Vašek, Mojmír; Adámek, Zdeněk; Roche, Kevin
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2014

Fishes as important indicators of environmental quality in the upper sections of the Tichá Orlice and Divoká Orlice rivers
Lusk, Stanislav; Lusková, Věra; Korunová, Vlasta
2011 - Czech Investigations, implemented in the river network of the "Orlice" region over the past twenty years, made it possible to obtain data on the fish communities inhabiting the Tichá Orlice and Divoká Orlice rivers. The rivers are inhabited by salmonid fish communities dominated by Salmo trutta, Thymallus thymallus, Cottus gobio, and Lampetra fluviatilis. Water pollution was gradually limited by building water treatment plants as well as by the significant decrease in the intensity of agricultural activities. The environmental pollution with mercury in the Králíky region, lying on the upper reaches of the Tichá Orlice River, is a specific problem. Nevertheless, the mercury content in fish muscles has exceeded the hygienic limit (0.1 mg.kg-1). Fishermen consuming fish angled in the Tichá Orlice River have shown increased mercury contents in their hair. Výzkumy na území regionu Orlice v průběhu posledních 20 let umožnily poznání druhové skladby rybích společenstev řek Tichá Orlice a Divoká Orlice. V tocích se nachází rybí společenstvo salmonidního typu s dominancí druhů Salmo trutta, Thymalus thymallus, Cottus gobio, Lampetra fluviatilis. Znečištění postupně se omezily vybudované čistírny odpadních vod a výrazné snížení intenzity zemědělské činnosti. Specifický problém představuje znečištění rtutí v oblasti Králík na horním části Tiché Orlice. Zdrojem kontaminace prostředí rtutí byla výroba zářivek v Králíkách, která byla ukončena v roce 1990. I když se kontaminace vody a následně i ryb rtutí v průběhu času snižuje, přesto hodnoty rtuti ve svalovině ryb přesahují hygienický limit (0,1 mg.kg-1). U rybářů konsumujících ryby ulovené v Tiché Orlici bylo zjištěno zvýšené množství rtuti ve vlasech. Prozatím nebylo přistoupeno k rehabilitaci upravených a regulovaných toků včetně drobných potoků v oblasti horní části Tiché Orlice. Keywords: fish; "Orlice" region Available at various institutes of the ASCR Fishes as important indicators of environmental quality in the upper sections of the Tichá Orlice and Divoká Orlice rivers

Investigations, implemented in the river network of the "Orlice" region over the past twenty years, made it possible to obtain data on the fish communities inhabiting the Tichá Orlice and Divoká ...

Lusk, Stanislav; Lusková, Věra; Korunová, Vlasta
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2011

Fish community as an indicator of river degradation
Jurajda, Pavel; Janáč, Michal; Ondračková, Markéta; Adámek, Zdeněk; Valová, Zdenka; Streck, G.; Machala, M.; Wenger, M.; Segner, H.
2010 - Czech V příkladové studii na Bílině se ryby na úrovni společenstva projevily jako dobrý a rychlý indikátor ekologického stavu toku, avšak pro indikaci chemických látek v řece je nutné hodnotit specifické parametry na úrovni jedince. Keywords: fish community; river degradation; Bílina River Available at various institutes of the ASCR Fish community as an indicator of river degradation

V příkladové studii na Bílině se ryby na úrovni společenstva projevily jako dobrý a rychlý indikátor ekologického stavu toku, avšak pro indikaci chemických látek v řece je nutné hodnotit specifické ...

Jurajda, Pavel; Janáč, Michal; Ondračková, Markéta; Adámek, Zdeněk; Valová, Zdenka; Streck, G.; Machala, M.; Wenger, M.; Segner, H.
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2010

Revitalization of the Morava River vs. business plans
Halačka, Karel; Mendel, Jan; Papoušek, Ivo; Vetešník, Lukáš
2009 - Czech The course of the Morava River is an important supranational biocorridor with significant biological potential. This is attested also by results of recent ichthyological surveys. There is a plan of revitalization projects aimed at making migration barriers passable and also at repatriation of indigenous animal species. At the same time, there is a number of business plans focusing on the area, while their realization would severely restrain or even disallow the revitalization efforts. Therefore, a complex biological survey of the whole Morava River course should be performed first, and a detail project of naturalization of the floodplain, including the still existing fragments of original river channel, should be elaborated subsequently. Such project would then constitute a qualified basis for centrally assessed potential business plans. Tok řeky Moravy je významným nadnárodním biokoridorem s velkým biologickým potenciálem, o čemž svědčí i výsledky recentních ichtyologických sledování. Existuje plán revitalizačních projektů s cílem zprůchodnění migračních barier a repatriaci původních druhů živočichů. Současně se však na toto území soustřeďuje řada podnikatelských záměrů, jejichž realizace by tyto snahy zcela znemožnila či omezila. Měl by proto být nejprve proveden komplexní biologický průzkumu celého toku Moravy a následně vypracován detailní projekt zpřírodnění říční nivy včetně stále existujících fragmentů původního koryta. Ten by pak posloužil jako základ pro centrálně posuzované potenciální podnikatelské záměry. Keywords: Morava River; fish migration; repatriation; Gobio; Romanogobio Available at various institutes of the ASCR Revitalization of the Morava River vs. business plans

The course of the Morava River is an important supranational biocorridor with significant biological potential. This is attested also by results of recent ichthyological surveys. There is a plan of ...

Halačka, Karel; Mendel, Jan; Papoušek, Ivo; Vetešník, Lukáš
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2009

Spatio-temporal distribution of catches, growth and length-weight relationship of tagged common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the fishing ground MRS Dyje 5, Novomlýnská reservoir, and in the related fishing grounds
Prokeš, Miroslav; Baruš, Vlastimil; Mareš, J.; Habán, V.; Peňáz, Milan
2009 - Czech On the basis of spatio-temporal analyses of recaptured tagged common carp, the local movements (migrations), growth and length-weight parameters were monitored in the Novomlýnská reservoir. Generally, 28 % of fish migrated upstream within the distance of 28.9 km, 19 % of tagged recaptured fish migrated in downstream direction up to a distance of 30.5 km and 53 % of the studied fishs were stationary in the Novomlýnská reservoir. The highest migration activity was ascertained during the 1st and 2nd year after stocking. The recapture rate of the overall 10.000 stocked fish, was only 1 %. Already 12 months after stocking, the mean total length (TL) of recaptured fish reached 465 mm, weight (w) 2200 g and Fulton´s condition factor (FWCF) 2.45. Na základě časoprostorové analýzy úlovků značkovaných jedinců kapra obecného byly zjištěny lokální pohyby (migrace), růst a délko-hmotnostní parametry tohoto druhu v Novomlýnské nádrži. Celkově, 28% ryb migrovalo proti toku do vzdálenosti 28,9 km, 19% ryb po toku do vzdálenosti 30,5 km a 53% ryb zůstalo v Novomlýnské nádrži. Vysoká migrační aktivita probíhala během prvního a druhého roku po vysazení násady. Celková návratnost zpětně chycených ryb z 10 000 vysazených byla pouze 1%. Za 12 měsíců po vysazení byla u značkovaných ryb zjištěna celkové délka těla (TL) 465 mm, hmotnost (w) 2200 g a Fultonův faktor hmotnostní kondice (FWCF) 2,45. Keywords: common carp; Nové Mlýny reservoirs Available at various institutes of the ASCR Spatio-temporal distribution of catches, growth and length-weight relationship of tagged common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the fishing ground MRS Dyje 5, Novomlýnská reservoir, and in the related fishing grounds

On the basis of spatio-temporal analyses of recaptured tagged common carp, the local movements (migrations), growth and length-weight parameters were monitored in the Novomlýnská reservoir. Generally, ...

Prokeš, Miroslav; Baruš, Vlastimil; Mareš, J.; Habán, V.; Peňáz, Milan
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2009