Infants' learning of novel segments is modulated by prosody
Chládková, Kateřina; Podlipský, V.J.; Nudga, Natalia; Paillereau, Nikola; Kynčlová, Kateřina; Šimáčková, Š.
2023 - English Young infants recognize atypical realisations of native-language speech. Later they learn words better from native-accented talkers. However, 6-month-olds preferentially listen to unfamiliar speech. We tested whether the learning of new vowels matches 6-month-olds’ listening preferences, being more effective from nonnative-accented speech. We exposed Czech six-month-olds to delexicalised utterances with consonants replaced by [f] and vowels by 405 tokens sampled from a bimodal [ɛ]-[æ] distribution, a contrast absent from Czech, and with either native or atypical rhythm. Discrimination of [ɛ]-[æ] was then tested in an alternating/non-alternating paradigm. Longer first-look duration to non-alternating than to alternating trials – indicating a learning effect – was found in infants familiarised with the novel contrast in atypical rhythm, such effect was not\ndetected after familiarisation with native rhythm. Six-month-olds thus more effectively exploit distributional information about novel vowels from non-native rhythm, which matches their previously reported preferences for listening to novel over familiar accents. Keywords: distributional learning; selective learning; non-native rhythm; vowels; infancy Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Infants' learning of novel segments is modulated by prosody

Young infants recognize atypical realisations of native-language speech. Later they learn words better from native-accented talkers. However, 6-month-olds preferentially listen to unfamiliar speech. ...

Chládková, Kateřina; Podlipský, V.J.; Nudga, Natalia; Paillereau, Nikola; Kynčlová, Kateřina; Šimáčková, Š.
Psychologický ústav, 2023

Analysis of a 19th century mortar
Bauerová, Pavla; Frankeová, Dita; Slížková, Zuzana; Vondráčková, Michaela
2023 - Czech Chemical and mineralogical composition of the binder and the aggregates of the mortar, using SEM-EDS and thermal analysis Chemické a mineralogické složení pojiva a plniva malty pomocí elektronové mikroskopie (SEM-EDS) a termické analýzy Keywords: SEM-EDS analysis; historic mortar; hydraulic lime; decalcification; carbonatization Available at various institutes of the ASCR Analysis of a 19th century mortar

Chemical and mineralogical composition of the binder and the aggregates of the mortar, using SEM-EDS and thermal analysis

Bauerová, Pavla; Frankeová, Dita; Slížková, Zuzana; Vondráčková, Michaela
Ústav teoretické a aplikované mechaniky, 2023

2TDK Railway, profile P18. Datings. Final Report.
Bosák, Pavel; Zupan Hajna, N.; Hercman, H.; Horáček, I.; Kdýr, Šimon; Kogovšek, B.
2023 - English Samples for datings were taken in the railway construction (2TDK) near village of Divača, Classical Karst on October 12, 2021: (1) vertebrate bones in cave 2TDK – 002 at the profile P18, cave entrance appeared during the construction operations on cleaned karst surface in a wall of karst depression. Samples of mammal bones and gastropods were collected in situ on cave bottom, and (2) pieces of speleothems occurring in non in situ position on artificially planated surface near the cave opening were collected. U-series: no numerical date was obtained as geochemistry of sample indicate open system, probably due to recrystallization of sample in soil cover. Paleomagnetism: The transition of N- and R-polarized samples cannot be identified more precisely as U-series radiometric dating yielded no numerical results. The transition easily can represent Brunhes/Matuyama boundary (at 773 ka) as well as any of older such transitions (e. g., base of Jaramillo, base of Olduvai). In any case the speleothem grew in a closed cave space with roof, probably as flowstone (inclusion of red soils above the base) and later as baldachin on eroded allogenic fill of the paleocave. Vertebrate paleontology: bone remains of small and larger vertebrates represent subrecent to Holocene species. Sorex alpinus represents the species quite rare in fossil record, but recetly limited to variegated woodland habitats with high surface humidity. A chamois Rupicapra rupicapra represents a resident species present in Slovenia throughout all stages of a glacial cycle, recently restricted to mountain habitats. Keywords: Divača Karst; unroofed cave; speleothem; U-Th dating; paleomagnetism; zoopaleontology Available at various institutes of the ASCR 2TDK Railway, profile P18. Datings. Final Report.

Samples for datings were taken in the railway construction (2TDK) near village of Divača, Classical Karst on October 12, 2021: (1) vertebrate bones in cave 2TDK – 002 at the profile P18, cave entrance ...

Bosák, Pavel; Zupan Hajna, N.; Hercman, H.; Horáček, I.; Kdýr, Šimon; Kogovšek, B.
Geologický ústav, 2023

Methodology for identification of pollution sources using PMF for strategic decision making in air protection - update 2023
Horník, Štěpán; Sýkora, Jan; Pokorná, Petra
2023 - Czech The presented methodology proposes utilizatíon of the spectroscopy of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as another analytical technique for the identification of compounds in atmospheric aerosols. This technique makes significantly increases the number of deterined substances and thus a number of possible markers, which can be subsequently used together with other methods to identify sources of air pollution using advanced statistical\nanalysis. Among the markers determined by NMR spectroscopy there are several organic and sulfonic acids or carbohydrates, wich are characteristic for relevant sources of air pollution. The updated methodology also shows the identification of a biogenic source that previous methodologies were not able to determine. Předkládaná metodika navrhuje využití spektroskopie nukleární magnetické rezonance (NMR) jako další analytické techniky pro identifikaci sloučenin v atmosférických aerosolech. Tato technika umožňuje výrazně zvýšit počet stanovovaných látek a tfm i případný počet markerů, které lze následně ve spojení s jinými metodami využít pro identifikaci zdrojů znečištění ovzduší pomocí pokročilé statistické analýzy. Mezi markery stanovované pomocí\nNMR spektroskopie náleží různé organické kyseliny, sulfonové kyseliny nebo sacharidy, které jsou charakteristické pro příslušné zdroje znečištění. Aktualizovaná metodika také představuje identifikaci biogenního zdroje, který předcházející metodiky nedokázaly stanovit. Keywords: NMR spectroscopy; atmospheric aerosols; markers Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR Methodology for identification of pollution sources using PMF for strategic decision making in air protection - update 2023

The presented methodology proposes utilizatíon of the spectroscopy of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as another analytical technique for the identification of compounds in atmospheric aerosols. This ...

Horník, Štěpán; Sýkora, Jan; Pokorná, Petra
Ústav chemických procesů, 2023

The Work and Transformation of Thought in Nineteenth-Century Czech Culture. Proceedings of the 42nd interdisciplinary symposium on 19th century. Plzeň 2-4 March 2022
Petrasová, Taťána; Machalíková, Pavla
2023 - Czech Keywords: interdisciplinary symposium; 19th century; Czech Lands Available at various institutes of the ASCR The Work and Transformation of Thought in Nineteenth-Century Czech Culture. Proceedings of the 42nd interdisciplinary symposium on 19th century. Plzeň 2-4 March 2022

Petrasová, Taťána; Machalíková, Pavla
Ústav dějin umění, 2023

Room temperature ethanol detection using carbon materials
Kočí, Michal
2023 - English Allotropic forms of carbon, in particular graphene oxide (GO) or nanocrystalline diamond (NCD), attracted the attention of many research groups due to their unique electronic structures and extraordinary physical and chemical properties, preferable for many different applications, including sensor devices. This work focuses on responses of various sensing layers (NCD with hydrogen termination (H-NCD), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), thiol-functionalized graphene oxide (GO-SH) and their hybrid structures to ethanol vapor with concentrations up to 100 ppm in synthetic air at room temperature. The measured parameters of the tested sensors, especially stability, reproducibility and regeneration, are compared and critically evaluated. The high sensitivity of tested sensors achieved at room temperature makes them very promising for monitoring ethanol vapor as well as other volatile substances (e.g., isopropyl-alcohol or acetone). Keywords: gas sensor; nanocrystalline diamond (NCD); graphene oxide (GO); reduced graphene oxide (rGO); thiol-functionalized graphene oxide (GO-SH) Available at various institutes of the ASCR Room temperature ethanol detection using carbon materials

Allotropic forms of carbon, in particular graphene oxide (GO) or nanocrystalline diamond (NCD), attracted the attention of many research groups due to their unique electronic structures and ...

Kočí, Michal
Fyzikální ústav, 2023

Dynamic loading test of a pair of suspended footbridges for pedestrians and cyclists in the area of Dolní Vítkovice
Hračov, Stanislav; Urushadze, Shota; Macháček, Michael
2023 - Czech The report describes the procedure and results of the dynamic loading test carried out at a pair of footbridges in Ostrava. The determined modal properties of the real structures are compared with the results of the theoretical modal analysis of their numerical models. The levels of the vibrations of the decks originated from pedestrians and runners are assessed with respect to their comfort and health. Zpráva popisuje postup provedení a výsledky dynamické zatěžovací zkoušky dvojice lávek pro pěší v Ostravě. Zjištěné modální vlastnosti skutečných konstrukcí jsou porovnány s výsledky teoretické modální analýzy jejich numerických modelů. Úroveň vibrací mostovek obou lávek od přechodů chodců a běžců je poté posouzena s ohledem na jejich pohodlí a zdraví. Keywords: footbridge; dynamic loading test; pedestrian load; vibration comfort criteria; tuned mass dampers Available at various institutes of the ASCR Dynamic loading test of a pair of suspended footbridges for pedestrians and cyclists in the area of Dolní Vítkovice

The report describes the procedure and results of the dynamic loading test carried out at a pair of footbridges in Ostrava. The determined modal properties of the real structures are compared with the ...

Hračov, Stanislav; Urushadze, Shota; Macháček, Michael
Ústav teoretické a aplikované mechaniky, 2023

Research of the ruin of Štamberk Castle in the context of the region
Novotný, Jakub; Ramešová, Michaela
2023 - Czech The paper provides an overview of the research results of the Štamberk castle carried out according to newly defined principles for the research, management and presentation of historical ruins, the aim of which is to support new solutions to increase the usability of the castle for tourism and to integrate the monument into the regional structures of localities with tourism potential. The castle was an important place within the territory of today's Highlands. The subject of the project, on which ITAM CAS has been collaborating with the Telčsko Microregion since 2020, is research into the history of the castle with a focus on the technological aspects of its construction, structural changes and demise. It includes the creation of a 3D model of the ruins in a landscape context. The project focuses on the history of lime production and the related inventory of geological sites. This research brings new information important not only for learning about the history of the castle or for studying analogous situations, but also for increasing the attractiveness of the monument for tourism. The paper first presents the current standards of research and management of ruins, then it deals with an outline of the research potential of Štamberk for the field of tourism with an emphasis on the history of the castle, mapping the landscape framework and identifying links to the regional environment. At the end, it summarizes the results so far that can be used to present the historical, cultural and natural wealth of the region with a specific link to tourism. Příspěvek přibližuje dosavadní výsledky výzkumu hradu Štamberk realizovaného dle nově definovaných zásad pro výzkum, správu a prezentaci historických zřícenin, jehož cílem je podpořit nová řešení jak zvýšit využitelnost hradu pro cestovní ruch a integrovat památku do regionálních struktur lokalit s potenciálem cestovního ruchu. Hrad byl významným panstvím v rámci území dnešní Vysočiny. Předmětem řešení projektu, na kterém od roku 2020 spolupracuje ÚTAM AV ČR s Mikroregionem Telčsko, je výzkum historie hradu se zaměřením na technologická hlediska jeho výstavby, stavebních změn i zániku. Součástí je vytvoření 3D modelu zříceniny v krajinném kontextu. Projekt se soustředí na dějiny výroby vápna a související inventarizaci geologických lokalit. Tento výzkum přináší nové informace důležité nejen pro poznání historie hradu či pro studium analogických situací, ale také pro zvýšení atraktivity památky pro cestovní ruch. Příspěvek nejprve představí aktuální standardy výzkumu a managementu zřícenin, následně se bude zabývat nástinem potenciálu výzkumu Štamberka pro oblast cestovního ruchu s důrazem na historii hradu, mapování krajinného rámce a identifikace vazeb na regionální prostředí. Na závěr zrekapituluje dosavadní výsledky využitelné k prezentaci historického, kulturního i přírodního bohatství regionu se specifickou vazbou na cestovní ruch. Keywords: Štamberk; ruin; technological research; presentation of monuments; tourism Available at various institutes of the ASCR Research of the ruin of Štamberk Castle in the context of the region

The paper provides an overview of the research results of the Štamberk castle carried out according to newly defined principles for the research, management and presentation of historical ruins, the ...

Novotný, Jakub; Ramešová, Michaela
Ústav teoretické a aplikované mechaniky, 2023

SMV-2023-03: Holder for field-emission cathodes
Knápek, Alexandr; Horáček, Miroslav; Klein, Pavel
2023 - Czech The contract research (CR) deals with the development of a modular holder for the development and testing of field-emission cathodes under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The research combines knowledge from vacuum engineering, power electronics and surface physics to achieve a reliable device that allows working with field-emission cathodes under vacuum conditions in diode and triode configurations. The main deliverables for the customer are drawings that allow the apparatus to be replicated and one piece of working prototype that has been constructed within the CR to verify the function. Smluvní výzkum (SMV) se zabývá vývojem modulárního držáku pro vývoj a testování auto-emisních katod v podmínkách ultra-vysokého vakua. Výzkum kombinuje znalosti z vakuové techniky, silnoproudé elektrotechniky a povrchové fyziky k dosažení spolehlivého zařízení, které umožňuje pracovat s polně-emisními katodami ve vakuových podmínkách, a to v diodové a triodové konfiguraci. Hlavním výstupem pro objednavatele je výkresová dokumentace, která umožňuje aparaturu replikovat a dále jeden kus funkčního prototypu, který byl v rámci SMV zkonstruován k ověření funkcionality. Keywords: field-emission cathode holder; relief structure; modular holder Available at various institutes of the ASCR SMV-2023-03: Holder for field-emission cathodes

The contract research (CR) deals with the development of a modular holder for the development and testing of field-emission cathodes under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The research combines knowledge ...

Knápek, Alexandr; Horáček, Miroslav; Klein, Pavel
Ústav přístrojové techniky, 2023

Dynamics of Machines and Mechanical Systems with Interactions, DYMAMESI 2023
Zolotarev, Igor; Pešek, Luděk; Kozień, M. S.
2023 - English The aim of the DYMAMESI is to facilitate the exchange of up to date information and knowledge among specialists in structural and multibody dynamics, in coupled interacting systems as aero-elasticity, hydro-elasticity, biomechanics, systems with feedbacks and mechatronics. The colloquium DYMAMESI 2021 is cofunded by the Strategy AV21 initiative of the Czech Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and in 2021 will be hosted by Cracow University of Technology, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Section of Dynamics of Systems. Keywords: dynamics; vibrations of mechanical systems; vibrodiagnostics; energy transformations Available at various institutes of the ASCR Dynamics of Machines and Mechanical Systems with Interactions, DYMAMESI 2023

The aim of the DYMAMESI is to facilitate the exchange of up to date information and knowledge among specialists in structural and multibody dynamics, in coupled interacting systems as aero-elasticity, ...

Zolotarev, Igor; Pešek, Luděk; Kozień, M. S.
Ústav termomechaniky, 2023