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Studium netěkavých nitrososloučenin v pivovarství
Malečková, Michaela
2024 - English
5 Abstrakt Nitrososloučeniny jsou kontaminanty piva s karcinogenními účinky, které se přirozeně tvoří během pivoarského procesu. Obecně jsou děleny na těkavé a netěkavé. Dostatečně charakterizované a prokázané karcinogenní látky jsou těkavé N-nitrosaminy, což nelze konstatovat pro strukturně neznámé zástupce netěkavých nitrososloučenin. Tato neznalost limituje vývoj nových analytických metod vedoucí k přesnějšímu zhodnocení a kontrole zdravotních rizik piva. Předložená studie se proto zabývá těmito méně známými sloučeninami, zejména strukturou molekul a jejich přirozeným výskytem v pivu i sladu. Jelikož je jejich vznik spojován s reakcemi dusitanu se sloučeninami piva a jeho surovin, byl vzorek piva paralelně ošetřen dusitanem (standardním a izotopickým-15N) v kyselém prostředí. Díky izotopickému značení byly vzniklé reakční produkty identifikovány plynovou chromatografií s tandemovou hmotnostní spektrometrií. Tímto přístupem bylo nalezeno a strukturně studováno až 22 neznámých reakčních produktů dusitanu (N-produktů) pomocí hmotnostně spektrometrických fragmentací. Kromě dříve nalezeného N-nitrosoprolinu a N-nitrosoprolin ethyl esteru, byly nově v pivu charakterizovány: 4-kyanofenol, oxim kyseliny pyrohroznové, 2-methoxy-5-nitrofenol, nitrosoguajakol a 4-nitrosofenol. Několik N-produktů bylo... 4 Abstract Nitroso compounds are beer contaminants related to carcinogenicity and can be naturally formed during brewing. They are generally categorized as volatile and non-volatile. Well-characterized and proven carcinogenic compounds are mostly volatile N-nitrosamines, whereas specific non-volatile nitroso compounds are nearly unknown even by structure. This deficiency limits improvements in health-risk assessment and control of beer. The present study focused on these barely known compounds in beer, related to their molecule structures and natural occurrence in beer and malt. Since these compounds form by nitrite reactions with naturally occurring compounds in beer or raw materials, the beer sample was parallelly treated by nitrite and isotopically labelled nitrite-15N at acidic conditions. Due to isotopic labelling, formed nitrite-related reaction products were distinguished by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. By this approach, up to 22 unknown nitrite-related reaction products (N-products) were found and structurally studied from mass spectrometric fragmentation patterns. Besides previously found N-nitrosoproline and N-nitrosoproline ethyl ester, newly characterized compounds in beer were 4-cyanophenol, pyruvic acid oxime, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol, nitrosoguaiacol, and 4-nitrosophenol....
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Studium netěkavých nitrososloučenin v pivovarství
5 Abstrakt Nitrososloučeniny jsou kontaminanty piva s karcinogenními účinky, které se přirozeně tvoří během pivoarského procesu. Obecně jsou děleny na těkavé a netěkavé. Dostatečně charakterizované a ...
The Western Perception of the East as the Orient in Agatha Christie's Detective Novels
HOVOROVÁ, Adéla
2024 - English
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the motives of Orientalism, which undoubtedly contributed to the creation of the phenomenon called Orient, in selected novels written by Agatha Christie, as the author of the Western world in the early 20th century, built on European colonialism. The thesis focuses on the complexity of the concept of Orientalism, which is the way the East was understood and treated for the benefit of the Western society, in this case the British, who, at the time of the analysed novels, were the most significant world empire. Furthermore, this thesis briefly deals with Agatha Christie, her career of a writer, and of course travelling, as it is an inherent part of the analysis. The events she experienced both in the West and in the East have undeniably influenced her work in many aspects, nonetheless, the depiction of the Orient is the most obvious one. This influence is particularly evident in her detective novels Appointment with Death and Murder in Mesopotamia, which will be analysed in the last chapter. Last but not least, this thesis focuses on the way Agatha Christie projects the period discourse of the West into her novels, influencing and subsequently creating stereotypical ideas about the East. Cílem této bakalářské práce je analýza motivů orientalismu, které nepochybně přispěly k vytváření fenoménu zvaného Orient, a to ve vybraných dílech Agathy Christie, jakožto autorky západního světa na počátku 20. století, postaveného na evropském kolonialismu. Práce nejprve přibližuje komplexitu pojmu orientalismus, tedy způsobu, jakým byl Východ chápán a jakým s ním bylo zacházeno ve prospěch západní společnosti, v tomto případě Brity, kteří byli v době vzniku zkoumaných děl světovou mocností. Dále se tato práce krátce zabývá Agathou Christie a jejím spisovatelským i cestovatelským životem, jelikož jde o neodmyslitelnou část celého rozboru. Události, které zažila jak na Západě, tak i Východě, nepopíratelně ovlivnily její tvorbu v mnoha aspektech především z pohledu vyobrazení Orientu. Nejvíce je tento vliv Východu patrný zejména v jejích detektivních románech Appointment with Death a Murder in Mesopotamia, které budou zkoumány v poslední kapitole. Práce se tedy v neposlední řadě zaměřuje na způsob, jakým Agatha Christie promítá dobový diskurz Západu do svých děl a kterým ovlivňuje a následně i vytváří stereotypní představy o Východu.
Keywords:
Orientalismus; Britské impérium; kolonialismus; imperialismus; Agatha Christie; román; Blízký východ; Schůzka se smrtí; Vražda v Mezopotámii
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
The Western Perception of the East as the Orient in Agatha Christie's Detective Novels
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the motives of Orientalism, which undoubtedly contributed to the creation of the phenomenon called Orient, in selected novels written by Agatha Christie, as the ...
Exploring Language Attrition among Vietnamese Immigrants in the Czech Republic: A Case Study
TRANOVÁ, Thu Hien
2024 - English
This undergraduate dissertation examines the phenomenon of first language attrition among Vietnamese immigrants residing in the Czech Republic. Through a case study approach involving two similar-aged sisters of Vietnamese descent who have immigrated to the Czech Republic, this research investigates how the participants' different backgrounds, exposure to the Vietnamese language, and proficiency in the Czech language affect their abilities in speaking Vietnamese. The research is then evaluated through the methodological approach of content analysis. Lastly, this thesis also presents insights aimed at assisting immigrants in maintaining proficiency in their mother tongue, providing practical recommendations for language maintenance. Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na jazykový fenomén zvaný úbytek prvního jazyka. Na základě zkoumání dvou podobně starých sester vietnamského původu, které se přistěhovali do České Republiky, se tento výzkum snaží pomocí metody případové studie zjistit, jak rozdílný původ účastníků, jejich kontakt s vietnamským jazykem a znalost českého jazyka ovlivňují jejich schopnosti mluvit vietnamsky. Výzkum je pak vyhodnocen pomocí metodologického přístupu obsahové analýzy. Nakonec tato práce také překládá poznatky zaměřené na pomoc imigrantům při udržování znalosti mateřského jazyka a poskytuje praktická doporučení pro udržování jazyka.
Keywords:
Jazykový úbytek; mateřský jazyk; druhý jazyk (L2); Vietnamština; obsahová analýza; tématická analýza; udržování jazyka
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Exploring Language Attrition among Vietnamese Immigrants in the Czech Republic: A Case Study
This undergraduate dissertation examines the phenomenon of first language attrition among Vietnamese immigrants residing in the Czech Republic. Through a case study approach involving two similar-aged ...
"Dont Open That Door" The Genre Mutations of Survival Horror
STEER, Matěj
2024 - English
This master's thesis deals with the Japanese videogame genre of survival horror. Analysing the works that stood at its creation it will detail its inspirations from the world of film, and how these inspirations were changed. It will also focus on the historical and cultural influences that led to their transformation. With the help of detailed interpretations, it will display the varied and creative approaches to the subject of horror that occupy themselves with current issues of modern society, problems pertaining to the human body, but also the mind. Also in focus, will be the potential of video games and genre fiction to act as a conduit for these problems and questions, something it achieves in its division into psychological and body horror. Tato diplomová práce se zabývá japonským videoherním žánrem pod názvem survival horror. Analýzou děl, která stála na jeho počátku se pokusí vytyčit jeho inspirace ze světa filmu, a jakými změnami tyto inspirace prošli. Společně s tím se zaměří na historicko - kulturní vlivy které působí na jejich transformaci. Za pomocí rozsáhlých interpretací přiblíží rozvinutý a kreativní přístup k hororové látce který zohledňuje celou škálu problému sužující lidskou společnost. Problémy týkající se lidského těla ale i jeho mysli. Cílem též bude ukázat potenciál video her a žánrové fikce fungovat jako nosník těchto otázek a problémů. Něčeho, čeho dosahuje ve svém rozdělení na tělesný a psychologický horror.
Keywords:
Survival horror; tělesný horror; psychologický horror
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
"Dont Open That Door" The Genre Mutations of Survival Horror
This master's thesis deals with the Japanese videogame genre of survival horror. Analysing the works that stood at its creation it will detail its inspirations from the world of film, and how these ...
Comparative Analysis: English - Czech Variations of Legal Documents
FRANKOVÁ, Barbora
2024 - English
The aim of this thesis is to identify differences and correspondences between The examined data through a comparative analysis of Czech and English legal documents. The primary focus is put on phenomena that could make the text difficult to understand for readers unfamiliar with law and translators of legal documents into other languages. Genre, structure, and lexis are examined to explore the challenges faced by translators in conveying legal language accurately. The thesis also investigates why legal language is often complex and incomprehensible to those without legal knowledge. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of understanding the historical and legal context in which these documents were created. Cílem této práce je identifikovat rozdíly a shody mezi zkoumanými daty prostřednictvím komparativní analýzy česky a anglicky psaných právních dokumentů. Práce se zaměřuje především na jevy, které by mohly znesnadnit porozumění textu čtenářům neznalým práva a překladatelům právních dokumentů do jiných jazyků. Pozornost je věnována žánru, struktuře a lexiku právních dokumentů. V práci jsou zkoumány problémy, s nimiž se překladatelé potýkají při překladu právě těchto právních textů. Práce také zkoumá, proč je právní jazyk často složitý a nesrozumitelný pro osoby bez právních znalostí. Kromě toho zdůrazňuje důležitost pochopení historického a právního kontextu, v němž tyto dokumenty vznikly.
Keywords:
právní jazyk; překlad; komparativní analýza; právní dokumenty; žánr; lexikologie
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Comparative Analysis: English - Czech Variations of Legal Documents
The aim of this thesis is to identify differences and correspondences between The examined data through a comparative analysis of Czech and English legal documents. The primary focus is put on ...
The role of Gaze in Victorian Ghost Stories
DOLEŽALOVÁ, Michaela
2024 - English
This thesis aims to focus on two famous works from the Victorian era by Elizabeth Gaskell and Emily Brontë and to highlight the important role of sight as sense in various possible forms, namely in the ghost story "The Old Nurse's Story" and the novel Wuthering Heights. The thesis focuses on the Victorian era and its view on ghosts, and at the same time, well-known theories and perspectives on sight or gaze. The thesis then analyses the works in question and highlights the different roles of sight/gaze that appear in them. Cílem práce je zaměřit se na dvě známá díla z viktoriánské doby od Elizabeth Gaskell a Emily Brontë a poukázat na důležitou roli zraku jako smyslu v různých možných formách, a to v duchařském příběhu "The Old Nurse's Story" a románu Wuthering Heights. Práce se zaměřuje na viktoriánskou dobu a její pohled na duchy, a zárověň známé teorie a pohledy na zrak či pohled. Diplomová práce poté analyzuje daná díla a poukazuje na různé role zraku/pohledu, které se v nich objevují.
Keywords:
duchařský příběh; duch; viktoriánská doba; spiritualismus; zrak; pohled
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
The role of Gaze in Victorian Ghost Stories
This thesis aims to focus on two famous works from the Victorian era by Elizabeth Gaskell and Emily Brontë and to highlight the important role of sight as sense in various possible forms, namely in ...
Thin Nanostructured Film with Bioapplication Potential
KUMAR, Sanjay
2024 - English
The Ph.D. thesis aims to investigate, develop, and fabricate advanced nanostructured surfaces for (bio)sensors and detection applications. The primary outcome of the research is the development of a functional sensor transducer for the detection of specific anti-DbpA antibodies, typically produced by a living organism in response to Lyme disease infection, as well as for detecting live Borreliosis pathogens. The developed sensor is based on AgNPs/C:H:N:O plasma polymer nanocomposites. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles, generated by a gas aggregation source, are incorporated into a C:H:N:O plasma polymer matrix, which is deposited by magnetron sputtering of nylon 6.6. The surface of the AgNPs/C:H:N:O nanocomposite is functionalized with amino-rich -NH2 grafts and specific antibodies to achieve high specificity in detection. Anchored Ag nanoparticles propagate localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), optically responding to changes caused by immobilized targets near the nanoparticles. The sensitivity of the sensor transducer is enhanced by incorporating Cu nanoparticles, which contribute to Cu-Ag coupling modes responsible for the modulation of the LSPR bands. The achieved results pave the way for rapid, low-cost, sensitive platforms for detecting not only the antibodies/pathogens studied here but also potentially other targets. The Ph.D. thesis aims to investigate, develop, and fabricate advanced nanostructured surfaces for (bio)sensors and detection applications. The primary outcome of the research is the development of a functional sensor transducer for the detection of specific anti-DbpA antibodies, typically produced by a living organism in response to Lyme disease infection, as well as for detecting live Borreliosis pathogens. The developed sensor is based on AgNPs/C:H:N:O plasma polymer nanocomposites. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles, generated by a gas aggregation source, are incorporated into a C:H:N:O plasma polymer matrix, which is deposited by magnetron sputtering of nylon 6.6. The surface of the AgNPs/C:H:N:O nanocomposite is functionalized with amino-rich -NH2 grafts and specific antibodies to achieve high specificity in detection. Anchored Ag nanoparticles propagate localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), optically responding to changes caused by immobilized targets near the nanoparticles. The sensitivity of the sensor transducer is enhanced by incorporating Cu nanoparticles, which contribute to Cu-Ag coupling modes responsible for the modulation of the LSPR bands. The achieved results pave the way for rapid, low-cost, sensitive platforms for detecting not only the antibodies/pathogens studied here but also potentially other targets.
Keywords:
plasma polymer; plasma polymerization; C:H:N:O thin film; nylon; nanoparticles (Ag; Cu); nanostructures; nanocomposite; surface functionalization; magnetron sputtering; annealing; adhesion; immobilization; sensors; antibacterial; Lyme disease; Borrelia; plasmonic absorption; localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR); plasma-assisted deposition; enhanced detection
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Thin Nanostructured Film with Bioapplication Potential
The Ph.D. thesis aims to investigate, develop, and fabricate advanced nanostructured surfaces for (bio)sensors and detection applications. The primary outcome of the research is the development of a ...
Population genomics of parasite adaptation: New insights into diversification and speciation of parasites
NAZARIZADEH DEHKORDI, Masoud
2024 - English
This thesis investigates the ecological and genetic dynamics of parasitic species, primarily focusing on Ligula intestinalis tapeworms and Cimex bedbugs, aiming to enhance our understanding of their evolutionary biology, genetics, and adaptation mechanisms. In Chapter I, it elucidates the prevalence and population genetic structure of L. intestinalis plerocercoids in various cyprinoid fish species across Czech water bodies, focusing on how different hosts and environments influence genetic diversity and distribution. Chapter II explores the historical dispersal and host-switching events that have shaped the evolutionary history of the L. intestinalis species complex on a global scale. This includes identifying major evolutionary lineages, their host specificity, and the influence of biogeographic and demographic events on lineage diversity. Chapter III provides a highly contiguous genome assembly for L. intestinalis and examines RNA transcription patterns to understand the regulation of biological functions during its life cycle, establishing a comprehensive reference transcriptome for both plerocercoid and adult stages. Chapter IV explores the mechanisms underlying possible ecological speciation in L. intestinalis, particularly under a sympatric setting, to determine whether host specificity influences population structure in the absence of geographical separation. Chapter V shifts focus to the establishment of the tropical bedbug, Cimex hemipterus, in Central Europe, using genetic analyses to reveal limited mtDNA variability and the presence of pyrethroid resistance mutations. Finally, Chapter VI investigates genetic and transcriptomic divergence in C. lectularius populations associated with human and bat hosts, exploring how host switching influences genetic diversity and adaptation. This genomic and transcriptomic approach provides valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics and adaptive strategies of parasitic species.
Keywords:
Population genomics; Phylogeography; Historical biogeography; Ligula intestinalis; bedbugs
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Population genomics of parasite adaptation: New insights into diversification and speciation of parasites
This thesis investigates the ecological and genetic dynamics of parasitic species, primarily focusing on Ligula intestinalis tapeworms and Cimex bedbugs, aiming to enhance our understanding of their ...
Eseje o Rozvojové Ekonomii
Sargsyan, Ella; Mittag, Nikolas Karl; Poyker, Michael; Fiorin, Stefano
2024 - English
Tato disertační práce zkoumá účinné strategie domácností pro zvládání hlubokých ekonomických šoků a dopad násilných konfliktů a přírodních katastrof na genderové pref- erence rodičů v rozvojových zemích. Ve světle rostoucích obav z nedostatku potravin způsobeného různými krizemi zkoumá první kapitola účinné strategie zvládání, které mohou domácnosti využít ke zmírnění tr- valých dopadů příjmových šoků a souvisejícího nutričního deficitu. Odhalujeme dosud neprozkoumaný mechanismus zvládání - domácí výrobu - a zjišťujeme míru jeho účinnosti při zmírňování negativních dopadů krizí na zdraví dětí. Za tímto účelem se zaměřujeme na tranziční období po rozpadu Sovětského svazu a zkoumáme roli domácí produkce brambor. Konkrétně s využitím údajů na individuální úrovni z Ruska, Kazachstánu a dalších postsovětských zemí a s využitím variability indexu vhodnosti půdy zjišťujeme, že domácnosti, které pěstovaly brambory na půdě vhodnější pro jejich pěstování, dokázaly snížit negativní dopady transformačního šoku na zdraví svých dětí, měřeno výškou v dospělosti a z-skóre výšky na věk. Naše zjištění naznačují, že ke zmírnění dlouhodobých nepřiznivých... This dissertation investigates effective household coping strategies during profound economic shocks, as well as the impact of violent conflicts and natural disasters on parents' child gender preferences in developing countries. In light of rising concerns about food insecurity caused by a variety of crises, the first chapter investigates effective coping strategies households can employ to mitigate the lasting impacts of income shocks and associated nutrition deficits. We uncover a previously unexplored coping mechanism - home production - and establish the extent of its effectiveness in mitigating the negative effects of crises on child health. To do so, we focus on the transition period after the collapse of the Soviet Union and investigate the role of household production of potatoes. Specifically, utilizing individual-level data from Russia, Kazakhstan, and other post-Soviet countries and exploiting the variation in the soil suitability index, we establish that households that grew potatoes on land more suitable for their cultivation were able to reduce the negative effects of transition shock on the health of their children as measured by adult height and height-for-age z-score. Our findings suggest that targeted nutritional interventions are needed to mitigate long-term adverse health...
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Eseje o Rozvojové Ekonomii
Tato disertační práce zkoumá účinné strategie domácností pro zvládání hlubokých ekonomických šoků a dopad násilných konfliktů a přírodních katastrof na genderové pref- erence rodičů v rozvojových ...
Tuning carotenoid photophysics by changes in structure and local environment
ÖZCAN, Emrah
2024 - English
This thesis investigates the complex dynamics of excited states in carotenoids, focusing on the origins and properties of certain dark states and how they are affected by external disturbances such as metal interactions, pH changes, applied voltage, and chemical modifications. Paper I demonstrates the creation of stable astaxanthin-metal complexes and their altered excited-state dynamics, revealing shortened lifetimes and enhanced ICT bands due to metal-ion interactions. Paper II explores the effect of external voltage on 8-apo--carotenal, showing that applied voltage can control the ICT state amplitude and extend its lifetime. Paper III examines pH-dependent effects on crocin, finding significant pH-induced shifts and stabilization at basic pH levels. Paper IV presents the synthesis and analysis of bis-phenylhydrazone astaxanthin, highlighting its modified excited-state dynamics and the potential for organic modification to study new effects. These findings enhance our understanding of carotenoid excited states and suggest new research approaches. This thesis investigates the complex dynamics of excited states in carotenoids, focusing on the origins and properties of certain dark states and how they are affected by external disturbances such as metal interactions, pH changes, applied voltage, and chemical modifications. Paper I demonstrates the creation of stable astaxanthin-metal complexes and their altered excited-state dynamics, revealing shortened lifetimes and enhanced ICT bands due to metal-ion interactions. Paper II explores the effect of external voltage on 8-apo--carotenal, showing that applied voltage can control the ICT state amplitude and extend its lifetime. Paper III examines pH-dependent effects on crocin, finding significant pH-induced shifts and stabilization at basic pH levels. Paper IV presents the synthesis and analysis of bis-phenylhydrazone astaxanthin, highlighting its modified excited-state dynamics and the potential for organic modification to study new effects. These findings enhance our understanding of carotenoid excited states and suggest new research approaches.
Keywords:
Carotenoids; Metal complexes; Ultrafast spectroscopy; Charge transfer state; Cyclic voltammetry; 8'-apo--carotenal; Spectroelectrochemistry; Crocin; pH-dependence.
Available in the Digital Repository of University of South Bohemia.
Tuning carotenoid photophysics by changes in structure and local environment
This thesis investigates the complex dynamics of excited states in carotenoids, focusing on the origins and properties of certain dark states and how they are affected by external disturbances such as ...
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