Unsuspected findings about phylogeny and ultrastructure of the enigmatic cyanobacterium Microcrocis geminata resulted in its epitypification and novel placement in Geminocystaceae
POKORNÝ, Jan
2024 - anglický V této studii byl ustanoven epityp pocházející z velké přírodní populace typového druhu M. geminata. Typový materiál byl charakterizován fylogeneticky s použitím přístupu nezávislého na kultivaci, morfologicky a ultrastrukturně. Fylogenetická pozice v Geminocystaceae je podpořena unikátními paralelními tylakoidy. In present study the epitype originating from a large natural population of the type species M. geminata was established. The type material was characterised phylogenetically using cultivation-independent approach, morphologically and ultrastructurally. The phylogenetic placement in Geminocystaceae is supported by the unique parallel thylakoids. Klíčová slova: sinice; Geminocystaceae; Merismopediaceae; fylogeneze; taxonomie; tylakoidy Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Unsuspected findings about phylogeny and ultrastructure of the enigmatic cyanobacterium Microcrocis geminata resulted in its epitypification and novel placement in Geminocystaceae

V této studii byl ustanoven epityp pocházející z velké přírodní populace typového druhu M. geminata. Typový materiál byl charakterizován fylogeneticky s použitím přístupu nezávislého na kultivaci, ...

POKORNÝ, Jan
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2024

Mapování kultury vyučování a učení matematice očima učitelů na 2. stupni vybrané základní školy
BRŮŽKOVÁ, Nikola
2024 - český Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Mapování kultury vyučování a učení matematice očima učitelů na 2. stupni vybrané základní školy

BRŮŽKOVÁ, Nikola
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2024

A novel structurally characterized haloacid dehalogenase superfamily phosphatase from Thermococcus thioreducens with diverse substrate specificity
HAVLÍČKOVÁ, Petra
2024 - anglický This RNDr. thesis is focused on complex studies of a haloacid dehalogenase superfamily phosphatase member with an unknown substrate specificity, isolated from a hyperthermofilic archeon Thermococcus thioreducens. The HAD phosphatase, internally named as Tt82, was isolated, expressed and purified using standard techniques and the crystal structure was solved by X-ray crystallography method. The refined crystal structure displayed characteristic HAD superfamily elements, such as the HAD canonical fold with the HAD signature motifs in the active site. Further, possible substrates for the enzyme were proposed and examined by computational docking in the active site of the HAD phosphatase. The results of the docking studies served as a basis for an experimental measurement of Tt82 enzymatic activity against selected substrates at two different temperatures. HAD phosphatase Tt82 is a promising target for the biotechnological field, mainly for its wide substrate specificity and higher temperature optima. Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. A novel structurally characterized haloacid dehalogenase superfamily phosphatase from Thermococcus thioreducens with diverse substrate specificity

This RNDr. thesis is focused on complex studies of a haloacid dehalogenase superfamily phosphatase member with an unknown substrate specificity, isolated from a hyperthermofilic archeon Thermococcus ...

HAVLÍČKOVÁ, Petra
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2024

Functional Ultrastructure of Hymenopteran Stingers: Devastating Spear or Delicate Syringe
ČERNÝ, Jan
2024 - anglický In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a micro-serrated edge on the honey bee Apis mellifera stinger tip serves as a tool for more intensive crushing of cell membranes in the victim's tissues. This could have mechanical consequences as well as initiate metabolic pathways linked to cell membrane breakdown (e.g., production of biogenic amines). Accordingly, we found that hymenopteran species that use their stingers as an offensive or defensive weapon to do as much damage to the victim's body as possible had this cuticular microstructure. In parasitic hymenopterans, on the other hand, this structure was missing, as stingers are solely used to delicately transport venom to the victim's body in order to do little mechanical harm. We also demonstrated that the stinger lancets of the honey bee A. mellifera are living organs with sensilla innervated by sensory neurons and containing other essential tissues, rather than mere cuticular structures. Klíčová slova: bee; Hymenoptera; nerve; SEM; sensilla; stinger microstructure; TEM; ultrastructure Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Functional Ultrastructure of Hymenopteran Stingers: Devastating Spear or Delicate Syringe

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a micro-serrated edge on the honey bee Apis mellifera stinger tip serves as a tool for more intensive crushing of cell membranes in the victim's tissues. ...

ČERNÝ, Jan
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2024

Functional characterization of the insulin signaling pathway in the hard tick Ixodes ricinus
KOZELKOVÁ, Tereza
2024 - anglický In this thesis, the molecular and functional characterization of the insulin receptor signaling pathway (ISP) in hard tick Ixodes ricinus was characterized. As obligatory blood-feeding ectoparasites, ticks play a crucial role in the transmission of various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, which has a significant impact on human and animal health. The parasite is strictly bonded with its host through a unidirectional transmission of nutrition for its survival, development, and reproduction. The ISP, a highly conserved system, regulates numerous physiological and anabolic processes to nutritional availability. This study aims to investigate the functionality of key components of the ISP pathway identified in the midgut transcriptome, namely the insulin receptor (IrInR), the protein kinase B called AKT (IrAKT), and the target of rapamycin (IrTOR). To achieve this goal, the expression profiles of these components in tick tissues during feeding and after detachment were investigated using qRT-PCR. Additionally, RNAi silencing of individual components was performed, and the phenotype of the ticks was observed. To further clarify the effects of ISP, immunization of rabbits with recombinant IrInR protein and tick infestation were investigated. Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Functional characterization of the insulin signaling pathway in the hard tick Ixodes ricinus

In this thesis, the molecular and functional characterization of the insulin receptor signaling pathway (ISP) in hard tick Ixodes ricinus was characterized. As obligatory blood-feeding ...

KOZELKOVÁ, Tereza
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2024

Metabolic setup of Drosophila macrophages during the immune response
KREJČOVÁ, Gabriela
2023 - anglický Adjustment of cellular metabolism is a key function that allows macrophages to fulfill their roles in the body. While the pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages has been extensively studied in mammalian models, it has not yet been satisfactorily investigated in insects. The study presented in this thesis therefore attempts to elucidate the metabolic setup of macrophages during the immune response in Drosophila melanogaster. Adjustment of cellular metabolism is a key function that allows macrophages to fulfill their roles in the body. While the pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages has been extensively studied in mammalian models, it has not yet been satisfactorily investigated in insects. The study presented in this thesis therefore attempts to elucidate the metabolic setup of macrophages during the immune response in Drosophila melanogaster. Klíčová slova: makrofág; polarizace; metabolismus; infekce; octomilka; plazmatocyt; imunitní odpověď Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Metabolic setup of Drosophila macrophages during the immune response

Adjustment of cellular metabolism is a key function that allows macrophages to fulfill their roles in the body. While the pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages has been extensively studied in ...

KREJČOVÁ, Gabriela
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2023

Red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) versus common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus): An example of ineffective cuckoo-hawk mimicry
KRAUSOVÁ, Ladislava
2023 - anglický V této práci jsem testovala reakci ťuhýka obecného (Lanius collurio) na hnízdního parazita, kukačku obecnou (Cuculus canorus) (šedá forma), predátora, krahujce obecného (Accipiter nisus) a neškodnou kontrolu, hrdličku divokou (Streptoptelia turtur). Prokázala jsem, že ťuhýci od sebe dokážou rozlišit jednotlivé atrapy a adekvátně na ně reagovat. Navíc jsem prokázala, že imitace krahujce kukačkou je u ťuhýků neúspěšná. In this work, I tested the reaction of the red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) against a nest parasite, the common cuckoo (Common cuckoo) (grey form), predator, Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) and harmless intruder, turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur). I proved that shrikes can differ between presented stimuli and adequately respond to them. Moreover, I proved that the cuckoo-hawk mimicry is not successful against shrikes. Klíčová slova: ťuhýk obecný; cuckoo-hawk mimicry; hnízdní parazitismus; obrana hnízda Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) versus common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus): An example of ineffective cuckoo-hawk mimicry

V této práci jsem testovala reakci ťuhýka obecného (Lanius collurio) na hnízdního parazita, kukačku obecnou (Cuculus canorus) (šedá forma), predátora, krahujce obecného (Accipiter nisus) a neškodnou ...

KRAUSOVÁ, Ladislava
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2023

Implementace Fracture Liaison Service v České republice
VRABLÍKOVÁ, Květa
2023 - český Hlavním cílem rigorózní práce bylo ověřit proveditelnost implementace koordinovaného programu péče o pacienty po osteoporotických zlomeninách (tzv. nízkotraumatické fraktury) tzv. systému Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) v České republice z hlediska přístupu sester. Di?lc?i? ci?le kvantitativního výzkumu zmapovaly současný stav dodržování postupů při péči o pacienty po nízkotraumatické fraktuře z hlediska sester, postojů zdravotních sester k implementaci FLS a přístupu k dalšímu vzdělávání pro pozici FLS koordinátora. The main goal of the rigorous work was to verify the feasibility of implementing a coordinated care program for patients after osteoporotic fractures (so-called low traumatic fractures) of the so-called Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) system in the Czech Republic from the point of view of nurses' access. Sub-objectives of the quantitative research mapped the current status of adherence to procedures in the care of patients after low-traumatic fracture from the perspective of nurses, attitudes of nurses towards implementing FLS, and access to continuing education for the position of FLS coordinator. The sub-objectives of the qualitative research compared the development of care for osteoporotic patients in the Czech Republic between 2010 and 2019. They compared the situation in Lithuania, Romania, and Slovakia between 2010 and 2019. Klíčová slova: FLS; Fracture Liaison Service; koordinátor.; nízkotraumatické fraktury; osteoporóza; sestra; Coordinator; FLS; Fracture Liaison Service; Low Trauma Fractures; Nurse; Osteoporosis Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Implementace Fracture Liaison Service v České republice

Hlavním cílem rigorózní práce bylo ověřit proveditelnost implementace koordinovaného programu péče o pacienty po osteoporotických zlomeninách (tzv. nízkotraumatické fraktury) tzv. systému Fracture ...

VRABLÍKOVÁ, Květa
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2023

Nine-year bird community development on Radovesická spoil heap: impacts of restoration approach and vegetation characteristics
KOREJS, Kryštof
2023 - anglický Worldwide environmental effects of anthropogenic land modification have made apparent the urgent need of ecological restoration. However, the methods employed in restoration of post-industrial sites vary across different regions. This thesis aims to examine the outcomes of different restoration approaches by examining avian communities inhabiting a vast spoil heap in Central Europe. Insights into the effects of different types of management and associated vegetation characteristics can guide active restoration of post-industrial sites. Worldwide environmental effects of anthropogenic land modification have made apparent the urgent need of ecological restoration. However, the methods employed in restoration of post-industrial sites vary across different regions. This thesis aims to examine the outcomes of different restoration approaches by examining avian communities inhabiting a vast spoil heap in Central Europe. Insights into the effects of different types of management and associated vegetation characteristics can guide active restoration of post-industrial sites. Klíčová slova: ecological restoration; revegetation; agriculture; bird diversity; tree planting; bird community Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Nine-year bird community development on Radovesická spoil heap: impacts of restoration approach and vegetation characteristics

Worldwide environmental effects of anthropogenic land modification have made apparent the urgent need of ecological restoration. However, the methods employed in restoration of post-industrial sites ...

KOREJS, Kryštof
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2023

Tasty rewards for ants: differences in elaiosome and seed metabolite profiles are consistent across species and reflect taxonomic relatedness
KONEČNÁ, Marie
2023 - anglický The reward for ants in myrmecochory is a nutrient-rich appendage, the elaiosome. This study evaluates the metabolite composition of five groups (i.e. amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, polyols, and sugars) in elaiosomes compared to the respective seeds. Two plant species from each of the four families (Amaryllidaceae, Boraginaceae, Papaveraceae, and Poaceae) were examined, with each species represented by three populations. The hierarchically designed data enabled the decomposition of variability in metabolite composition at three levels: family, species, and population. Another aspect studied was the consistency of elaiosome metabolite composition across unrelated species from monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous families with different elaiosome origins, which may reflect the convergent evolution of elaiosomes. The reward for ants in myrmecochory is a nutrient-rich appendage, the elaiosome. This study evaluates the metabolite composition of five groups (i.e. amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, polyols, and sugars) in elaiosomes compared to the respective seeds. Two plant species from each of the four families (Amaryllidaceae, Boraginaceae, Papaveraceae, and Poaceae) were examined, with each species represented by three populations. The hierarchically designed data enabled the decomposition of variability in metabolite composition at three levels: family, species, and population. Another aspect studied was the consistency of elaiosome metabolite composition across unrelated species from monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous families with different elaiosome origins, which may reflect the convergent evolution of elaiosomes. Klíčová slova: Myrmecochory; Convergent evolution; Variation partitioning; Ant-plant mutualism; Seed dispersal Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU. Tasty rewards for ants: differences in elaiosome and seed metabolite profiles are consistent across species and reflect taxonomic relatedness

The reward for ants in myrmecochory is a nutrient-rich appendage, the elaiosome. This study evaluates the metabolite composition of five groups (i.e. amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, polyols, ...

KONEČNÁ, Marie
Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, 2023