Non-invasive material and traceological research of the stone head from Celtic settlement Závist near Prague
Cihla, M.; Trefný, M.; Drda, Petr; Hradil, David; Hradilová, J.
2017 - English
The sandstone head sculpture from the hillfort of Závist in the southern periphery of Prague has been subjected to a non-invasive survey by mechanoscopic and analytical approaches. A 3D model of a sculpture has been created using laser scanning and photogrammetry. A reconstruction of stonemason's working tools was derived from longitudinal and transversal sections of the traces on the head's surface. Further screening of the surface by handheld X-ray fluorescence identified increased contents of lead and tin suggesting a former intentional coloring of the sculpture's surface. Traces of gold could indicate that the surface was gilded. It was confirmed that the sculpture was originally not a part of a human figure, but was intended to represent only a self-standing head. The way of making as well as the nature of the original surface treatment has excluded the possibility that the stone head from Závist was a modern replica.
Keywords:
Celtic sculpture; sandstone; traceology; X-ray fluorescence
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Non-invasive material and traceological research of the stone head from Celtic settlement Závist near Prague
The sandstone head sculpture from the hillfort of Závist in the southern periphery of Prague has been subjected to a non-invasive survey by mechanoscopic and analytical approaches. A 3D model of a ...
Bibliography of Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian archaeology
Šlesingerová, Lada
2017 - Czech
This article presents an overview of the historical development, excerption base and current state of the specialist bibliography compiled at the CAS Institute of Archaeology in Prague, and provides information on the recent grant projects. The bibliography of Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian archaeology includes printed bibliographies, the Analytics and Prague Castle article databases and the bibliographies of institute journals. Příspěvek podává přehled o historickém vývoji, excerpční základně a současném stavu oborové bibliografie zpracovávané v Archeologickém ústavu AV ČR v Praze a informuje o řešených grantových projektech. Bibliografie české, moravské a slezské archeologie zahrnuje tištěné bibliografie, článkové databáze Analytika a Pražský hrad a bibliografie ústavních časopisů.
Keywords:
CAS Institute of Archaeology; archaeology; article bibliographies
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Bibliography of Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian archaeology
This article presents an overview of the historical development, excerption base and current state of the specialist bibliography compiled at the CAS Institute of Archaeology in Prague, and provides ...
The collection of archaeological textiles of waste layers in the centre of Prague
Březinová, Helena; Kohout, D.
2017 - Czech
The paper summarizes the information about an unique assemblage of several hundreds of textile fragments from rescue archaeological excavations in the centre of Prague, in the New Town of Prague (Jungmannova, Vodičkova and Školská Streets), carried out in 2004-2008. During the excavations, a massive stratigraphy of organic origin was uncovered, which was the relic of a rubbish dump from the 14th and 15th centuries, and provided an unusually large amount of objects from organic materials - textile, wood and leather. The most interesting conclusions from the survey of woollen and silk textiles are presented, their broad spectrum provides an interesting view of medieval textile material culture. The results of the analyses of used dyes and the information about the restoration and adjustment of this extraordinary assemblage are presented too. Příspěvek přináší shrnující informace o ojedinělém souboru stovek textilních fragmentů pocházejících ze záchranných archeologických výzkumů v centru Prahy, na Novém Městě pražském (ulice Jungmannova, Vodičkova a Školská), které probíhaly v letech 2004-2008. Během výzkumů zde bylo objeveno mocné souvrství organického původu, jenž je pozůstatkem smetiště z období 14. a 15. století, a které přineslo neobyčejně velké množství předmětů z organických materiálů - textilu, dřeva a kůže. Představeny jsou nejzajímavější závěry z průzkumu vlněných a hedvábných textilií, jejichž široké spektrum poskytuje zajímavý pohled na středověkou textilní hmotnou kulturu, prezentovány jsou i výsledky analýz použitých barviv a informace o restaurování a adjustaci tohoto mimořádného souboru.
Keywords:
archaeological textile; medieval waste layers; textile production; dyeing
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The collection of archaeological textiles of waste layers in the centre of Prague
The paper summarizes the information about an unique assemblage of several hundreds of textile fragments from rescue archaeological excavations in the centre of Prague, in the New Town of Prague ...
Geographical Horizons of the Chronicle of the Czechs by Cosmas of Prague
Hasil, Jan
2017 - Czech
The paper presents an attempt of structural (historical-geographical) analysis of the oldest Czech mediaeval narrative, the Chronicle of the Czechs by Cosmas of Prague. Based on the spatial analysis, there are four geographical horizons recognized: a mythical, a legendary, a historical and an autooptical one. Článek prezentuje pokus o strukturální (historicko-geografickou) analýzu nejstarší české kroniky, Kosmovy Kroniky Čechů. Na základě prostorové analýzy byly rozpoznány čtyři geografické horizonty textu: mytický, legendární, historický a autooptický.
Keywords:
Cosmas of Prague; Bohemia; Middle Ages; archaeology; Historical GIS (HIS)
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Geographical Horizons of the Chronicle of the Czechs by Cosmas of Prague
The paper presents an attempt of structural (historical-geographical) analysis of the oldest Czech mediaeval narrative, the Chronicle of the Czechs by Cosmas of Prague. Based on the spatial analysis, ...
Hellenistic mosaic glass and La Tène glass-working
Venclová, Natalie; Jonášová, Šárka; Vaculovič, T.
2017 - English
Hellenistic mosaic glasses are similar in their basic composition, as well as their trace elements, to the late group of La Tène glass of the 2nd-1st century BC. The imported glass vessels represent a luxury article used only by the elite in the Iron Age Europe.
Keywords:
glass; Hellenistic; archaeometry; Central Europe
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Hellenistic mosaic glass and La Tène glass-working
Hellenistic mosaic glasses are similar in their basic composition, as well as their trace elements, to the late group of La Tène glass of the 2nd-1st century BC. The imported glass vessels represent a ...
Workforce allocation in self-sufficient economy in Late Iron Age
Olševičová, K.; Danielisová, Alžběta
2015 - English
We present an abstract model of workforce allocation of the Late Iron Age self-sufficient settlement. The model enables experimenting with parameters (the ratio of strong and weak workforce, the impact of bad weather, the ratio of targeted overproduction) during the harvest season with the aim to explore the agricultural bottlenecks (short periods per year when increased labour input is needed). Results of three experiments are presented. The model is extendable and is designed to be applied in archaeological research of socio-economic collapses.
Keywords:
archaeology; economy; NetLogo; self-sufficiency; social simulation
Fulltext is available at external website.
Workforce allocation in self-sufficient economy in Late Iron Age
We present an abstract model of workforce allocation of the Late Iron Age self-sufficient settlement. The model enables experimenting with parameters (the ratio of strong and weak workforce, the ...
Technology of optical 3D scanning of archaeological finds in the context of virtual museum
Květina, Petr; Brzobohatá, Hana; Komberec, Jan; Končelová, Markéta; Šumberová, Radka
2015 - Czech
The aim of the methodology is to apply 3D scanning technology to create a virtual archaeological museum. The main parameter of the methodology are recording, hoarding and presentation of archaeological finds digitally. The basic technology is optical 3D scanning of artifacts; its asset is the ability to capture the perfectly accurate virtual three-dimensional image of the object. On the one hand, this brings new presentation possibilities of mobile and immovable heritage, and on the other hand it multiplies the potential for their conservation in case the original is destroyed. Cílem metodiky je využít technologie 3D optického skenování k vytvoření virtuálního archeologického muzea. Hlavním parametrem metodiky je evidence, tezaurace a prezentace archeologických nálezů v digitální podobě. Základní technologií je optické 3D skenovaní artefaktů, jehož výhodou je schopnost zachytit naprosto věrný virtuální prostorový model objektu. To jednak vytváří nové možnosti prezentace movitých i nemovitých památek, a jednak znásobuje potenciál jejich zachování pro případ, kdy je originál zničen.
Keywords:
digital heritage management; 3D optical scanning; virtual museum
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Technology of optical 3D scanning of archaeological finds in the context of virtual museum
The aim of the methodology is to apply 3D scanning technology to create a virtual archaeological museum. The main parameter of the methodology are recording, hoarding and presentation of ...
The town of Chrudim in 14th and 15th centuries. Archaeology and history about the design and development of the city
Frolík, Jan
2015 - Czech
Development of the town of Chrudim is divided into two periods, separated by fire dated before the year 1338. The first stage is the period of formation and consolidation of urban organism. Second period indicates economic boom, accompanied by evidence of high standard of living (glass, stove tiles). Vývoj Chrudimi je rozdělen do dvou etap, oddělených požárem, datovaným před rok 1338. První etapa je obdobím vzniku a konsolidace města. Ve druhé etapě došlo k ekonomickému rozmachu, doloženému doklady vysoké životní úrovně (sklo, kachle).
Keywords:
Hussite period; house; mediaeval glass; stove tiles; crafts
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The town of Chrudim in 14th and 15th centuries. Archaeology and history about the design and development of the city
Development of the town of Chrudim is divided into two periods, separated by fire dated before the year 1338. The first stage is the period of formation and consolidation of urban organism. Second ...
Archaeological map of the Czech Republic (AMCR) as a backbone infrastructure of the Czech archaeology
Kuna, Martin; Křivánková, Dana; Hasil, Jan; Novák, David
2015 - Czech
The general aim of the AMCR project is to enhance the effectiveness of the information flow in Czech archaeology, i.e. in the framework of registering archaeological fieldwork and their results. This goal we see as a fundamental predisposition of the effective heritage management and one of the basic perquisites of successful theoretical research in archaeology, as well as in the presentation of archaeological heritage to the general public. The paper summarises current situation and outlines directions of the future development. Obecným záměrem projektu AMČR je zvýšit efektivitu toku informací v české archeologii, konkrétně v oblasti evidence terénních archeologických výzkumů a jejich výsledků. Vytčený cíl považujeme za nezbytný předpoklad efektivní památkové péče a jeden z předpokladů úspěšného teoretického výzkumu v archeologii, jakož i prezentace archeologického dědictví širší veřejnosti. Příspěvek stručně shrnuje současný stav a nastiňuje směry dalšího rozvoje.
Keywords:
infrastructures; archaeology; digital humanities
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Archaeological map of the Czech Republic (AMCR) as a backbone infrastructure of the Czech archaeology
The general aim of the AMCR project is to enhance the effectiveness of the information flow in Czech archaeology, i.e. in the framework of registering archaeological fieldwork and their results. This ...
Jan Hus, the Hussite movement and Eastern Bohemia. Conference papers
Frolík, Jan
2015 - Czech
Articles summarize the historical development during the Hussite movement in Eastern Bohemia and archaeological evidence of life in Chrudim and in Chrudim region during the 14th and 15th centuries. The development of opinions on Jan Hus and the Hussite movement during the 19th century is described. The celebration activities of Jan Hus and his monuments are mentioned, too. Příspěvky shrnují historický vývoj během husitského hnutí, archeologické doklady o životě v Chrudimi a na Chrudimsku ve 14. a 15. století. Přiblížen je vývoj názorů na Jana Husa a husitství od 19. století. Připomenuty jsou oslavy Jana Husa a jeho pomníky.
Keywords:
Jan Hus; Hussite movement; Jerome of Prague; Utraquism; archaeology
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Jan Hus, the Hussite movement and Eastern Bohemia. Conference papers
Articles summarize the historical development during the Hussite movement in Eastern Bohemia and archaeological evidence of life in Chrudim and in Chrudim region during the 14th and 15th centuries. ...
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