Separation Factors for Enrichment of Minor Components in Oils Extracted from Seeds with Supercritical CO2
Sovová, Helena
2010 - English The present contribution shows that the same separation factors as for the oil fractionation in counter-current columns can be used to calculate the course of extraction of triacylglycerols and minor oil components in the initial period of fast extraction from crushed seed. Thus, the optimal conditions for minor component pre-concentration in extract or for removal of free fatty acids from the oil can be predicted. The values of separation factors for different minor components and for oils consisting mainly of C18 fatty acids are presented in dependence on the temperature, pressure, and CO2 density. The separation factors are based on both literature data and experimental data measured in our laboratory. The application of separation factors to calculate extraction yields of oil and its minor components in dependence on the amount of passed CO2 is presented, too. Keywords: separation factors; extraction; oil Available at various institutes of the ASCR Separation Factors for Enrichment of Minor Components in Oils Extracted from Seeds with Supercritical CO2

The present contribution shows that the same separation factors as for the oil fractionation in counter-current columns can be used to calculate the course of extraction of triacylglycerols and minor ...

Sovová, Helena
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Enrichment of Supercritical Extracts in beta-Sitosterol by Fractionation Process
Rochová, Kristina; Sovová, Helena; Sajfrtová, Marie; Bártlová, Milena
2010 - English The aim of this contribution was to use the extraction with supercritical CO2 coupled with fractionation of extract for preparation of extracts rich in beta-sitosterol. Phytosterols have been proved to lower serum cholesterol levels in humans and to have other benefit for human health. Supercritical extraction is a green method to separate such compounds from plants. Sea buckthorn seeds and sunflower seeds were extracted and a mathematical model was applied to determine separation factor of beta-sitosterol as minor component of extract. According to the obtained results, conditions of fractionation were set up. The most important enrichment of a part of extract from seeds with beta-sitosterol was achieved with fractionation in two separators (first separator kept at 15MPa and 50°C) and subsequent fractionation in time at the output of the second separator. Keywords: beta-sitosterol; fractionation process; supercritical extraction Available at various institutes of the ASCR Enrichment of Supercritical Extracts in beta-Sitosterol by Fractionation Process

The aim of this contribution was to use the extraction with supercritical CO2 coupled with fractionation of extract for preparation of extracts rich in beta-sitosterol. Phytosterols have been proved ...

Rochová, Kristina; Sovová, Helena; Sajfrtová, Marie; Bártlová, Milena
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

High-Pressure Measurements in Binary System Containing Supercritical CO2 and 1-Butanol
Sedláková, Zuzana; Bendová, Magdalena; Wagner, Zdeněk; Aim, Karel
2010 - English The aim of this contribution is to test the Supercritical Phase Monitor apparatus by comparing solubility of ethanol or 1-butanol in supercritical CO2 to literature data. New experimental data were also obtained. Keywords: experimental data; high pressure; supercritical CO2 Available at various institutes of the ASCR High-Pressure Measurements in Binary System Containing Supercritical CO2 and 1-Butanol

The aim of this contribution is to test the Supercritical Phase Monitor apparatus by comparing solubility of ethanol or 1-butanol in supercritical CO2 to literature data. New experimental data were ...

Sedláková, Zuzana; Bendová, Magdalena; Wagner, Zdeněk; Aim, Karel
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Super/Subcritical Fluid Extractions for Synthesis of Porous Metal Oxides
Matějová, Lenka; Matěj, Z.; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Šolcová, Olga
2010 - English In this study the influence of individual post-treatment steps on the crystallinity, purity and textural properties of prepared metal oxides - TiO2, ZrO2, TiO2-ZrO2 etc. in powdery form (aerogels) – has been studied. Titania and zirconia organogels were prepared as reaction semi-products of the sol-gel process controlled in reverse micellar solution of nonionic surfactant Triton X-114. in combination with a) subcritical fluid extractions (using water and subsequently methanol like pressurized solvents, SubWE/PFE) and b) calcination. The effect of various extraction conditions on textural and structural properties of metal oxides has been investigated. Besides that the reproducibility of these material properties has been also observed. Keywords: metal oxide; supercritic fluid extraction; subcritic water extraction Available at various institutes of the ASCR Super/Subcritical Fluid Extractions for Synthesis of Porous Metal Oxides

In this study the influence of individual post-treatment steps on the crystallinity, purity and textural properties of prepared metal oxides - TiO2, ZrO2, TiO2-ZrO2 etc. in powdery form (aerogels) – ...

Matějová, Lenka; Matěj, Z.; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Šolcová, Olga
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers –Design and Validation of Models for Photodegradation
Veselý, Martin; Žabová, Hana; Kaštánek, František; Ponec, Robert; Jiřičný, Vladimír
2010 - English Presented study predict ways of PBDE degradation using different methods – photodegradation, degradation with zero-valent metal and electrochemical degradation. Thermodynamic properties of all congeners were evaluated for predicting the degradation behavior. These properties were in this study by quantum-chemical calculations, using a semi empirical method AM1. The PBDE properties from the quantum-chemical calculation were also used to predict the wavelength of maximum absorbance, the octanol-water distribution coefficient and the gas chromatography retention times of all PBDE congeners. Keywords: polybrominated diphenyl ethers; degradation model; theoretical calculation Available at various institutes of the ASCR Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers –Design and Validation of Models for Photodegradation

Presented study predict ways of PBDE degradation using different methods – photodegradation, degradation with zero-valent metal and electrochemical degradation. Thermodynamic properties of all ...

Veselý, Martin; Žabová, Hana; Kaštánek, František; Ponec, Robert; Jiřičný, Vladimír
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Fluidized Bed Gasification of a Sub-Bituminous Coal, Biomass and Coal-Biomass Co-Gasification by a Gas Containing Oxygen-CO2 Mixtures
Svoboda, Karel; Pohořelý, Michael; Jeremiáš, Michal; Kameníková, Petra; Skoblia, Sergej; Šyc, Michal; Punčochář, Miroslav
2010 - English Based on the above stated facts we concentrated in our study on FB gasification with higher concentrations of CO2 in gasification medium and on gasification of a reactive subbituminous German coal, biomass (wood) and a coal-biomass blend at temperatures between 800 oC and 900 oC. Out attention was particularly devoted to effects of CO2 concentrations and gasification temperature on producer gas heating value, energy yield, tar and BTX yields in comparison with FB gasification with steam-O2 mixtures. Keywords: fluidized bed; gasification; goal Available at various institutes of the ASCR Fluidized Bed Gasification of a Sub-Bituminous Coal, Biomass and Coal-Biomass Co-Gasification by a Gas Containing Oxygen-CO2 Mixtures

Based on the above stated facts we concentrated in our study on FB gasification with higher concentrations of CO2 in gasification medium and on gasification of a reactive subbituminous German coal, ...

Svoboda, Karel; Pohořelý, Michael; Jeremiáš, Michal; Kameníková, Petra; Skoblia, Sergej; Šyc, Michal; Punčochář, Miroslav
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Transition Metal Mixed Oxides from LDH Precursors and Their Activity in Total Ethanol Oxidation
Ludvíková, Jana; Jirátová, Květa; Kovanda, F.; Krúpa, L.; Sobek, Jiří
2010 - English Keywords: catalytic total oxidation; volatile organic compounds; ldh precursor Available at various institutes of the ASCR Transition Metal Mixed Oxides from LDH Precursors and Their Activity in Total Ethanol Oxidation

Ludvíková, Jana; Jirátová, Květa; Kovanda, F.; Krúpa, L.; Sobek, Jiří
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Number and Mass Size Distribution on Atmospheric Aerosol in Various Environments of the Czech Republic
Ondráček, Jakub; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Smolík, Jiří; Ždímal, Vladimír
2010 - English Keywords: atmospheric aerosol; mass size distribution Available at various institutes of the ASCR Number and Mass Size Distribution on Atmospheric Aerosol in Various Environments of the Czech Republic

Ondráček, Jakub; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Smolík, Jiří; Ždímal, Vladimír
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Preparation of Cu3(Si0.5Ge0.5) Nanoplatelets
Dřínek, Vladislav; Fajgar, Radek; Palatinus, Lukáš; Klementová, Mariana; Novotný, F.
2010 - English The nanoplatelets possess composition corresponding to Cu3(Si0.5Ge0.5). The 3D collection of electron diffraction patterns has shown that the rooom-temperature structure of the nanoplatelets corresponds to the ?-Cu3Si phase. Evaluation of the diffraction pattern shows that the structure has trigonal symmetry with long period incommensurate modulation. it can be approximately described in a 36-fold superstructure with trigonal unit cell and cell dimensions a=b=16.1A6, c=21.8A6. Keywords: nanoplatelet; silicon; germanium Available at various institutes of the ASCR Preparation of Cu3(Si0.5Ge0.5) Nanoplatelets

The nanoplatelets possess composition corresponding to Cu3(Si0.5Ge0.5). The 3D collection of electron diffraction patterns has shown that the rooom-temperature structure of the nanoplatelets ...

Dřínek, Vladislav; Fajgar, Radek; Palatinus, Lukáš; Klementová, Mariana; Novotný, F.
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010

Characterization and Properties of Titanium-Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Prepared by ArF Laser Ablation
Fajgar, Radek; Kupčík, Jaroslav; Šubrt, Jan; Novotný, F.
2010 - English Thin films od vanadium-titanium complex oxides were prepared by ArF excimer laser ablation of Tio2 and VO2 targets. The light grey films with thickness of 155 nm were grown on glass and Au substrates and characterized by microscopy, spectroscopy and diffraction techniques. The as-prepared films were nanocrystalline and heating at 450°C in vacuum led to formation of mixture of crystalline V0.95Ti0.05O and TiO nanoparticles. The film shown reversible thermochronic behaviour between 3.0 and 1.4 micrometers. The films, annealed in air oxidize and the colour of the film changes to light yellow. Electrical and optical properties of the films are demonstrated. Keywords: vanadium-titanium; thermochromic effect Available at various institutes of the ASCR Characterization and Properties of Titanium-Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Prepared by ArF Laser Ablation

Thin films od vanadium-titanium complex oxides were prepared by ArF excimer laser ablation of Tio2 and VO2 targets. The light grey films with thickness of 155 nm were grown on glass and Au substrates ...

Fajgar, Radek; Kupčík, Jaroslav; Šubrt, Jan; Novotný, F.
Ústav chemických procesů, 2010