Ano (384)
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384
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A review of mites of the genus \kur{Neharpyrhynchus} Fain (Acari: Harpirhynchidae) - ectoparasites of wild birds, including description of four new species
MARTINŮ, Jana
2009 - český
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
A review of mites of the genus \kur{Neharpyrhynchus} Fain (Acari: Harpirhynchidae) - ectoparasites of wild birds, including description of four new species
The stabilizing effect of resting eggs banks of the Daphnia longispina species complex for longitudinal taxon heterogeneity in long and narrow reservoirs
VANÍČKOVÁ, Ivana
2013 - anglický
We compared the spatial distribution of taxa from the Daphnia longispina complex in the active water column community and in the resting egg banks in five long narrow reservoirs in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). We concluded that the spatial heterogeneity of Daphnia taxonomic composition observed in reservoirs is substantially strengthened by the presence of spatially heterogeneous egg banks. We compared the spatial distribution of taxa from the Daphnia longispina complex in the active water column community and in the resting egg banks in five long narrow reservoirs in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). We concluded that the spatial heterogeneity of Daphnia taxonomic composition observed in reservoirs is substantially strengthened by the presence of spatially heterogeneous egg banks.
Klíčová slova:
ephippia; resting eggs; Daphnia; reservoir; hybridization
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
The stabilizing effect of resting eggs banks of the Daphnia longispina species complex for longitudinal taxon heterogeneity in long and narrow reservoirs
We compared the spatial distribution of taxa from the Daphnia longispina complex in the active water column community and in the resting egg banks in five long narrow reservoirs in the Czech Republic ...
Tick-borne encephalitis virus inhibits rRNA synthesis and host protein production in human cells of neural origin
SELINGER, Martin
2019 - anglický
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with host protein synthesis. In order to determine whether TBEV interacts with this host process in its natural target cells, we analysed de novo protein synthesis in a human cell line derived from cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY HTB-186). We observed a significant decrease in the rate of host protein synthesis, including the housekeeping genes HPRT1 and GAPDH and the known interferon-stimulated gene viperin. In addition, TBEV infection resulted in a specific decrease of RNA polymerase I transcripts, 18S and 28S rRNAs and their precursor, 45-47S pre-rRNA, but had no effect on the RNA polymerase III-transcribed 5S rRNA levels. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with host protein synthesis. In order to determine whether TBEV interacts with this host process in its natural target cells, we analysed de novo protein synthesis in a human cell line derived from cerebellar medulloblastoma (DAOY HTB-186). We observed a significant decrease in the rate of host protein synthesis, including the housekeeping genes HPRT1 and GAPDH and the known interferon-stimulated gene viperin. In addition, TBEV infection resulted in a specific decrease of RNA polymerase I transcripts, 18S and 28S rRNAs and their precursor, 45-47S pre-rRNA, but had no effect on the RNA polymerase III-transcribed 5S rRNA levels.
Klíčová slova:
tick-borne encephalitis; host response; rRNA; transcriptional/translational shut-off
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Tick-borne encephalitis virus inhibits rRNA synthesis and host protein production in human cells of neural origin
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), is a causative agent of a severe neuroinfection. Recently, several flaviviruses have been shown to interact with ...
Role of adipokinetic hormone during starvation in Drosophila
KUTHANOVÁ, Michaela
2020 - anglický
The role of adipokinetic hormone (Drome-AKH) in maintaining the levels of basic nutrients, under starvation conditions, was studied using Drosophila melanogaster mutants with AKH deficiency (Akh1) and AKH abundance (EE-Akh). Our results showed lipids as the main energy reserve in Drosophila, and their physiological level and metabolism were shown to be under the control of AKH. AKH abundance in the body resulted in lower levels of triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols than in the controls, probably due to a more intensive metabolism; interestingly, there was a disproportional representation of fatty acids in triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols in Drosophila. Lower level of glycogen and its partial control by AKH suggest its lesser role as the storage substance. However, maintenance of free carbohydrate level in Drosophila seemed to be critical; when glycogen stores are exhausted, carbohydrates are synthesized from other sources. Protein levels and their alterations, under starvation, did not seem controlled by AKH. AKH-deficient flies were more resistant while AKH-abundant flies were more sensitive to starvation; females were found to be more resistant than males, regardless of the AKH level, probably due to higher body mass and higher amount of nutrients. However, in accordance with the level of all nutrients, that of AKH also gradually decreased with prolonged starvation
Klíčová slova:
Adipokinetic hormone; Drosophila melanogaster; starvation
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Role of adipokinetic hormone during starvation in Drosophila
The role of adipokinetic hormone (Drome-AKH) in maintaining the levels of basic nutrients, under starvation conditions, was studied using Drosophila melanogaster mutants with AKH deficiency (Akh1) and ...
Green and blue infrastructure: means of reducing surface temperatures in the urban environment
SEDLÁČEK, Jan
2021 - anglický
Climate change may accelerate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect with many consequences for the well-being of human populations in cities. Green and blue infrastructures (GBI) are presented as a way to mitigate the UHI effect. In our study, the influence of GBI (primarily less studied types) on surface temperature (ST) was tested using a thermal camera. Various types of GBI (e. g. tree shade and lawn) and their combination were compared. Climate change may accelerate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect with many consequences for the well-being of human populations in cities. Green and blue infrastructures (GBI) are presented as a way to mitigate the UHI effect. In our study, the influence of GBI (primarily less studied types) on surface temperature (ST) was tested using a thermal camera. Various types of GBI (e. g. tree shade and lawn) and their combination were compared.
Klíčová slova:
surface temperature; urban climate; microclimate; urban heat island; UHI; green infrastructure; blue infrastructure; greenery; vegetation; green roof; green wall fountain; well-being; tree shade; climate change; thermal amplitudes
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Green and blue infrastructure: means of reducing surface temperatures in the urban environment
Climate change may accelerate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect with many consequences for the well-being of human populations in cities. Green and blue infrastructures (GBI) are presented as a way ...
Unsuspected findings about phylogeny and ultrastructure of the enigmatic cyanobacterium Microcrocis geminata resulted in its epitypification and novel placement in Geminocystaceae
POKORNÝ, Jan
2024 - anglický
V této studii byl ustanoven epityp pocházející z velké přírodní populace typového druhu M. geminata. Typový materiál byl charakterizován fylogeneticky s použitím přístupu nezávislého na kultivaci, morfologicky a ultrastrukturně. Fylogenetická pozice v Geminocystaceae je podpořena unikátními paralelními tylakoidy. In present study the epitype originating from a large natural population of the type species M. geminata was established. The type material was characterised phylogenetically using cultivation-independent approach, morphologically and ultrastructurally. The phylogenetic placement in Geminocystaceae is supported by the unique parallel thylakoids.
Klíčová slova:
sinice; Geminocystaceae; Merismopediaceae; fylogeneze; taxonomie; tylakoidy
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Unsuspected findings about phylogeny and ultrastructure of the enigmatic cyanobacterium Microcrocis geminata resulted in its epitypification and novel placement in Geminocystaceae
V této studii byl ustanoven epityp pocházející z velké přírodní populace typového druhu M. geminata. Typový materiál byl charakterizován fylogeneticky s použitím přístupu nezávislého na kultivaci, ...
Implementace Fracture Liaison Service v České republice
VRABLÍKOVÁ, Květa
2023 - český
Hlavním cílem rigorózní práce bylo ověřit proveditelnost implementace koordinovaného programu péče o pacienty po osteoporotických zlomeninách (tzv. nízkotraumatické fraktury) tzv. systému Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) v České republice z hlediska přístupu sester. Di?lc?i? ci?le kvantitativního výzkumu zmapovaly současný stav dodržování postupů při péči o pacienty po nízkotraumatické fraktuře z hlediska sester, postojů zdravotních sester k implementaci FLS a přístupu k dalšímu vzdělávání pro pozici FLS koordinátora. The main goal of the rigorous work was to verify the feasibility of implementing a coordinated care program for patients after osteoporotic fractures (so-called low traumatic fractures) of the so-called Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) system in the Czech Republic from the point of view of nurses' access. Sub-objectives of the quantitative research mapped the current status of adherence to procedures in the care of patients after low-traumatic fracture from the perspective of nurses, attitudes of nurses towards implementing FLS, and access to continuing education for the position of FLS coordinator. The sub-objectives of the qualitative research compared the development of care for osteoporotic patients in the Czech Republic between 2010 and 2019. They compared the situation in Lithuania, Romania, and Slovakia between 2010 and 2019.
Klíčová slova:
FLS; Fracture Liaison Service; koordinátor.; nízkotraumatické fraktury; osteoporóza; sestra; Coordinator; FLS; Fracture Liaison Service; Low Trauma Fractures; Nurse; Osteoporosis
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Implementace Fracture Liaison Service v České republice
Hlavním cílem rigorózní práce bylo ověřit proveditelnost implementace koordinovaného programu péče o pacienty po osteoporotických zlomeninách (tzv. nízkotraumatické fraktury) tzv. systému Fracture ...
Determinants of Piper (Piperaceae) climber composition in a lowland tropical rainforest in New Guinea
LISNER, Aleš
2023 - anglický
The study examines the distribution of root climbers from the genus Piper on host trees depending on environmental properties and host tree characteristics in a lowland primary tropical rainforest in Papua New Guinea. More specifically, the study examines the relationship between the climbers' presence and various factors including topography (e.g. slope, altitude), vegetation properties, and host tree characteristics. The findings reveal that Piper climbers tend to avoid higher altitudes, steeper slopes, closed canopy layers, and areas with larger total basal area of host vegetation. The preferences of Piper climbers for certain tree species are primarily influenced by the properties of the host trees, particularly their diameter at breast height (DBH). Additionally, the study suggests that Piper species are more commonly found on rare tree species, possibly due to their preference for larger host tree DBH. The results highlight the non-random association between climbers and their host trees, which is influenced by local environmental conditions. These interactions are likely to have important implications for forest vegetation dynamics and the maintenance of diversity.
Klíčová slova:
Piper; climber; tropical forest
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Determinants of Piper (Piperaceae) climber composition in a lowland tropical rainforest in New Guinea
The study examines the distribution of root climbers from the genus Piper on host trees depending on environmental properties and host tree characteristics in a lowland primary tropical rainforest in ...
Mannan-BAM, TLR ligands, and anti-CD40 immunotherapy in established murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma: understanding therapeutic potentials and limitations
VENHAUEROVÁ, Anna
2023 - anglický
The aim of this RNDr. Thesis is focused on understanding therapeutic potentials and limitations of the antitumor MBTA immunotherapy which is based on synergy of TLR agonists, anti-CD40, and phagocytosis stimulating ligands anchored into the tumor cell membranes. In this study, immunotherapy was tested in murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma Panc02 model. Firstly, the short-term and long-term efficacy of MBTA therapy was tested using established subcutaneous Panc02 tumors two times larger than in previous study. Secondly, the work is devoted to better understanding of the adaptive immunity involvement focusing on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes during the therapy and their effect on tumor volume reduction, long-term survival and resistance against tumor rechallenge. Subsequently, the ability of immunological memory to cross over the blood-brain barrier confirming its potential applicability in metastatic brain tumors was examined. Moreover, the antigen specificity of the immunological memory was evaluated. Finally, the potential of MBTA therapy to cure metastatic disease, represented by bilateral Panc02 mouse model, was studied. In this case, the MBTA therapy manifested a lower therapeutic response. Therefore, it was combined with diverse therapeutic approaches, such as intratumoral application of anti-CTLA-4 antibody, heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes, chemoablation using EtOH, targeting the tumor microenvironment by hyaluronidase, simultaneous injections of MBTA therapy in primary and secondary distant tumors, and its combination with RT. Despite all these combinations, our results showed that only simultaneous application of MBTA therapy into both tumors has potential for the treatment of the bilateral Panc02. The aim of this RNDr. Thesis is focused on understanding therapeutic potentials and limitations of the antitumor MBTA immunotherapy which is based on synergy of TLR agonists, anti-CD40, and phagocytosis stimulating ligands anchored into the tumor cell membranes. In this study, immunotherapy was tested in murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma Panc02 model. Firstly, the short-term and long-term efficacy of MBTA therapy was tested using established subcutaneous Panc02 tumors two times larger than in previous study. Secondly, the work is devoted to better understanding of the adaptive immunity involvement focusing on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes during the therapy and their effect on tumor volume reduction, long-term survival and resistance against tumor rechallenge. Subsequently, the ability of immunological memory to cross over the blood-brain barrier confirming its potential applicability in metastatic brain tumors was examined. Moreover, the antigen specificity of the immunological memory was evaluated. Finally, the potential of MBTA therapy to cure metastatic disease, represented by bilateral Panc02 mouse model, was studied. In this case, the MBTA therapy manifested a lower therapeutic response. Therefore, it was combined with diverse therapeutic approaches, such as intratumoral application of anti-CTLA-4 antibody, heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes, chemoablation using EtOH, targeting the tumor microenvironment by hyaluronidase, simultaneous injections of MBTA therapy in primary and secondary distant tumors, and its combination with RT. Despite all these combinations, our results showed that only simultaneous application of MBTA therapy into both tumors has potential for the treatment of the bilateral Panc02.
Klíčová slova:
cancer immunotherapy; immunology; cancer; pancreatic adenocarcinoma; TLR agonists; anti-CD40; phagocytosis
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Mannan-BAM, TLR ligands, and anti-CD40 immunotherapy in established murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma: understanding therapeutic potentials and limitations
The aim of this RNDr. Thesis is focused on understanding therapeutic potentials and limitations of the antitumor MBTA immunotherapy which is based on synergy of TLR agonists, anti-CD40, and ...
Predictive relevance of miR.34a, miR.224 and miR.342 in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung undergoing palliative chemotherapy
HOUFKOVÁ, Kateřina
2017 - anglický
Plné texty jsou dostupné v digitálním repozitáři JČU.
Predictive relevance of miR.34a, miR.224 and miR.342 in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung undergoing palliative chemotherapy
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