A democratic monarchy, an undemocratic republic? Continuities and shifts between a monarchy and a republic in Central Europe
Fasora, L.; Květová, Miroslava; Lein, R.; Matějka, O.
2020 - Czech Keywords: Austria, 20th century; Czechoslovakia, 20th century; history Available at various institutes of the ASCR A democratic monarchy, an undemocratic republic? Continuities and shifts between a monarchy and a republic in Central Europe

Fasora, L.; Květová, Miroslava; Lein, R.; Matějka, O.
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Guillaume de Machaut at the royal court: the function of the author
Fantysová Matějková, Jana
2020 - Czech The medieval author eludes both the modern concept of the author and the structuralist concept, because he belongs to a different historical reality: the character of a medieval text, the use of a written record and the way in which a work was disseminated do not correspond to what we consider literature today, and neither the concept of the author nor his status coincide with the modern notion. The origins of modern authorship can be traced as early as the Middle Ages, if we define the author in relation to the text, work and reader, in terms of the status granted to an author by his readers, and also in terms of his subjectivity. Taking as its example the poet and composer Guillaume de Machaut, this paper describes a number of phenomena typical of the Middle Ages, when oral performances and commissions by patrons dominated. It also describes the genesis of the author’s subjectivity, which was formed in relation to his patron and reflects Machaut´s social role. Středověký autor se vymyká jak modernímu pojetí autora, tak i pojetí strukturalistickému zejména proto, že je zakotven ve zcela odlišné historické realitě: charakter středověkého textu, používání psaného záznamu, ani způsob šíření díla neodpovídají tomu, co dnes považujeme za literaturu, a ani pojem či status autora se s moderní představou příliš nepřekrývá. Počátky moderního autorství lze ale sledovat již ve středověku, zejména definujeme-li autora ve vztahu k textu, dílu a čtenáři, a to jednak statusem autora, který mu přiznali čtenáři a jednak subjektivitou, tj. vědomím sebe sama jako tvůrce. Na příkladu básníka a hudebního skladatele Guillauma de Machaut popisuje tato studie jak řadu fenoménů typických pro středověk, kdy dominovala orální performance, objednávka mecenáše a kdy byla umělecká tvorba plně integrována do běžného života, tak i zrození subjektivity autora, která se utváří ve vztahu k mecenáši a je důsledkem reflexe vlastní sociální role v dvorském prostředí. Keywords: Guillaume de Machaut; medieval patronage; courtly literature Available at various institutes of the ASCR Guillaume de Machaut at the royal court: the function of the author

The medieval author eludes both the modern concept of the author and the structuralist concept, because he belongs to a different historical reality: the character of a medieval text, the use of a ...

Fantysová Matějková, Jana
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Nejedlý Zdeněk (Records). Inventory
Kábová, Hana
2020 - Czech Keywords: Zdeněk Nejedlý; archival papers - records Available at various institutes of the ASCR Nejedlý Zdeněk (Records). Inventory

Kábová, Hana
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Following the Czech-Viennese evangelicals of the Augsburg and Helvetic confessions in the “long 19th century”
Velek, Viktor
2020 - Czech Keywords: Viennese Czechs; religion; 19th century Available at various institutes of the ASCR Following the Czech-Viennese evangelicals of the Augsburg and Helvetic confessions in the “long 19th century”

Velek, Viktor
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

CSAS Astrophysics Observatory, Ondřejov
Hálek, Jan
2020 - Czech Keywords: CSAS Astrophysics Observatory, Ondřejov; archival fond Available at various institutes of the ASCR CSAS Astrophysics Observatory, Ondřejov

Hálek, Jan
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Nejedlý Zdeněk (Archive of his photos to the year 1946). Partial catalogue
Brandejsová Tomsová, Petra; Kábová, Hana
2020 - Czech Keywords: Zdeněk Nejedlý Available at various institutes of the ASCR Nejedlý Zdeněk (Archive of his photos to the year 1946). Partial catalogue

Brandejsová Tomsová, Petra; Kábová, Hana
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

The function of the author in the Middle Ages, as demonstrated by the iconography of Guillaume de Machaut’s manuscripts
Panušková, Lenka
2020 - Czech This paper addresses the depicting of the poet and author Guillaume de Machaut. Several of Machaut’s compositions or “dits” reflect the principles of poetry, and in this context they also reflect his status as an author or authority. During his lifetime two manuscripts were created, MS fr. 1586 (c. 1350) and MS fr. 1584 (c. 1370), which scholars believe may have been produced under Machaut’s direct supervision. Several other manuscripts dating form after Machaut’s death have also been preserved, of which MS fr. 9221 and MSS fr. 22545-22546 in particular are also the subject of this study. Illuminations featuring Machaut in the role of author can be divided into three groups (poet-scribe, university iconography, inspired poet), each of which emphasises a different aspect of writing and presenting poetry. However, it seems that despite attempts by some scholars to see Machaut’s direct influence in the illuminations, the individual masters were working with contemporary iconography. Studie se zabývá zobrazením básníka a autora Guillauma de Machaut v rukopisech s jeho dílem. Řada Machautových skladeb či „dits“ reflektuje principy poezie a v tomto kontextu také odráží Machautův status autora či autority. Během Machautova života vznikly dva rukopisy, BN ms. fr. 1586 (c. 1350) a 1584 (c. 1370), o nichž se předpokládá, že byly vytvořeny přímo pod Machautovým dohledem. Dochovalo se i několik dalších rukopisů z doby po Machautově smrti, z nichž BN, ms. fr. 9221 a 22545-22546 jsou rovněž předmětem této studie. Iluminace zobrazující Machauta jako autora lze rozdělit do tří skupin (básník-písař, univerzitní ikonografie, inspirovaný básník), z nichž každá zdůrazňuje jiný aspekt psaní a prezentace básnické tvorby. Zdá se nicméně, že - navzdory pokusům některých badatelů o identifikaci přímého Machautova vlivu na iluminace, - pracovali jednotliví iluminátoři se současnou ikonografií a konceptem autora a podle toho také používali schémata, jaká byla v jejich iluminátorských dílnách obvyklá. Keywords: Guillaume de Machaut; illumination; iconography Available at various institutes of the ASCR The function of the author in the Middle Ages, as demonstrated by the iconography of Guillaume de Machaut’s manuscripts

This paper addresses the depicting of the poet and author Guillaume de Machaut. Several of Machaut’s compositions or “dits” reflect the principles of poetry, and in this context they also reflect his ...

Panušková, Lenka
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Holocaust Testimonies in the Digital Era – EHRI Online Edition
Sedlická, Magdalena; Schellenbacher, Wolfgang
2020 - English A key goal of the EHRI online editions platform is to develop annotated online editions of documents as a new way of presenting digital archival content. The editions are empowered by new EHRI tools for digital editing and use and improve upon the EHRI vocabularies and descriptions to generate contextual information displayed to users. Compared to analogue editions, the freely accessible online editions enable new research approaches and a different reading of the documents. Through metadata-tagging and geo-referencing, the editions do not exclusively follow thematic or chronological patterns. They are searchable and filtered for specific thematic or spatial interests at any time and are contextualised through interactive maps. EHRI platform hopes to support and possibly host third party projects.\n Keywords: Holocaust; digital humanities; testimonies Available at various institutes of the ASCR Holocaust Testimonies in the Digital Era – EHRI Online Edition

A key goal of the EHRI online editions platform is to develop annotated online editions of documents as a new way of presenting digital archival content. The editions are empowered by new EHRI tools ...

Sedlická, Magdalena; Schellenbacher, Wolfgang
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Nejedlý Zdeněk (Arnošt Brichta and his family). Inventory
Kábová, Hana
2020 - Czech Keywords: Arnošt Brichta; archival papers Available at various institutes of the ASCR Nejedlý Zdeněk (Arnošt Brichta and his family). Inventory

Kábová, Hana
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020

Selected issues of food quality in 1950–1970
Franc, Martin
2020 - Czech The study focuses on three major issues of food quality in Czechoslovakia in 1950–1970. First of all it addresses the issue of food substitutes, which started spreading especially during and after World War II. Another major topic of the study deals with the crisis of the system of quality standards at the beginning of the 1960s, when numerous deviations from the specified ingredients and food-processing technology were permitted for cost-saving reasons. The massive wave of exemptions undermined the entire standard food quality system and its consequences were very hard to overcome. Studie se věnuje třem důležitým problémům jakosti potravin v Československu v letech 1950–1970. Nejprve se soustřeďuje na problematiku potravinových náhražek, které se rozšířily především v období 2. světové války a těsně po ní. Druhým tématem studie je krize systému jakostních norem na počátku šedesátých let 20. století, kdy z úsporných důvodů došlo k povolení četných odchylek od stanoveného složení i technologie výroby potravin. Mohutná vlna výjimek z norem rozvrátila celý systém udržování standardní jakosti potravin a její následky se odstraňovaly jen velmi obtížně. Keywords: Czechoslovakia, 1950-1970; food quality; food substitutes Available at various institutes of the ASCR Selected issues of food quality in 1950–1970

The study focuses on three major issues of food quality in Czechoslovakia in 1950–1970. First of all it addresses the issue of food substitutes, which started spreading especially during and after ...

Franc, Martin
Masarykův ústav a Archiv, 2020