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Foreign trade of the Czech Republic - Case study of Export of Cars
Polz, Roman; Maitah, Mansoor; Kuzmenko, Elena
anglický
We can see the evident impact of foreign currency for such a big exporters as ŠKODA is. But surprisingly this company is able to increase its sales even though the foreign currency does not support it in a positive way. For this industry it is very crucial to keep their current customers and also expand in different markets across the world. Also the technological development is a big advantage for this company which is capable of introducing new types of cars thanks to its newly built developing center.
dostupnost_czu
Foreign trade of the Czech Republic - Case study of Export of Cars
We can see the evident impact of foreign currency for such a big exporters as ŠKODA is. But surprisingly this company is able to increase its sales even though the foreign currency does not support it ...
Foreign Trade of China
Hoang, Thi Ngoc Thanh; Maier, Tomáš; Kuzmenko, Elena
anglický
1 Introduction
This research divided into two parts: Literature Review and Practical Part.
The Literature Review is written based on literature on International Trade. This part introduces the main theories and a brief history of Foreign Trade and a brief history of International Trade in the world context.
To begin with, the author explained the Absolute Advantage theory from Adam Smith; the father of the Classical Trade Theory, Comparative Advantage by Ricardo and Heckscher Ohlin theory.
This research also used qualitative and quantitative method approach the practical part with the purpose to find out how important the Foreign Trade effect is to Chinas economy.
2 Keywords
China, Asia, foreign trade, economy growth, international trade
3 Objectives of this thesis
The basic objectives of this thesis is to analyze the foreign trade of China based on the impacts of imports and exports and other indicators. It can be studied via domestic products and free trade agreement made between China and its trading partners. These factors are believed to have explanatory power for China's foreign trade.
4 Methodology
For this thesis methodology, there will be data collected and after that analysed from the source information mainly from the Internet via search engine such as scholarly articles, journals, books from Vietnamese authors and others, trade documents, reports, and several other online academic sources.
This research was also based on quantitative method approach by collecting data from Bureau Statistics of China from 1978 to 2013, there are 27 observations, the unit is 100 million yuan. The main reason to analyse the China growth rate based on the relationship between GDP and Exports-Imports. The GDP and Linear Regression models were created as follow:
Y = a + b*x (1)
Where:
Y: Dependent variable as GDP
X: Independent variable as growth rate (X-M)
a: constant
b: parameter of received growth rate
The model was verified by compared the p-values with significant level alpha = 0.05 to identify the relationship between GDP and China growth rate (X-M).
5 Main Findings
My aim of this thesis is to have the overview about Foreign Trade of China. The reform process can be divided into the following main stages:
1979-1987 Period (period of exploration and trial)
1988-1990 Period (period of transition toward reform in depth)
1991-2001 Period
Over the past 38 years of reform, the Chinese nation experienced many ups and downs, changes; China's economy not only faced difficulties and challenges but also achieved a lot of achievements. That miraculous development of China was due to great efforts of the Chinese people in the cause of building the country with the target of bringing China to gradually integrate with the world economy and gradually become a strong economic power. In the coming years, China will still continue to grow, the economy will be increasingly integrated, becoming an important part of the world economy.
In the practical part, I used the Linear Regression with the help of SAS 7.1 to compute the relationship between GDP and exports-imports, after computing, I got the result as follow: if the GDP increase by 100,000,000 yuan, so that the (X-M) will increase by 2,030,000,000 yuan. For the statistical verification, we compare the p-value with significant level of 5% (alpha = 0.05). In this case, the p-value of (X-M) was 0.0001 lower than 0.05. From the result, the author rejected the hypothesis, and the GDP growth depends on (X-M). In another way the author can say it was statistically significant.
6 Conclusion
After 38 years of reform and opening up, it can be said that China has achieved great successes in economic development, especially foreign trade development. From a country with stagnant and undeveloped foreign trade, China now is a current foreign trade country with powers ranked the 5th largest in the world and, more importantly, in the future, Chinese position in international trade will be enhanced increasingly.
In past years, thanks to China had proper policies and methods were suitable for the foreign trade development so that it achieved such successes such as high achievements as follows:
It can be said that on the way to opening up and reform of foreign trade, China was not necessarily to always get success and achieve many accomplishments. Sometimes, China also faced the mistakes as results of until now it was also not necessarily to achieve as expected. It still existed with a number of problems to continue to be overcome, such as improving the quality of exported goods and foreign trade performance, issues of regional disparities etc.
Through the study of the development experience of Chinese foreign trade, can be realize the State's role in policy-making and overall macroeconomic method-making were very important for Foreign Trade. Moreover, the Chinese government was very flexible in creating and implementing policies although China is a developing country. In fact, China makes foreign trade reform with cautious and solid steps.
7 Reference
Brown Consultancy Service, Theory of International Trade, Brown Consultant
The Silkroad project, The Silkroad and related trade routes
Robert C. Feenstra, Alan M. Taylor, International Trade
Brown Consultancy Service, Theory of International Trade
Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nation
Application of strategic mangement, Theory of Absolute Advantage
Charles W. L. Hill, International Business
Swedish economist who wrote his view about International Trade in 1919
Pham Thai Quoc, Chinese process of industrialization in the last 20 years of the twentieth century
Nguyen The Tang, The process of opening the foreign affairs of Republic of China
dostupnost_czu
Foreign Trade of China
1 Introduction This research divided into two parts: Literature Review and Practical Part. The Literature Review is written based on literature on International Trade. This part introduces the main ...
Students Consumer Behavior on Mobile Phone Market
Tran, Hoai Thu; Maier, Tomáš; Kuzmenko, Elena
anglický
1. Introduction
In the age of technology today, mobile phone is very important in the business activities. Consumer behavior on mobile phone market in Vietnam has been studied and analyzed for the bachelor thesis entitled Students consumer behavior on mobile phone market with the main objective is student in Vietnam. Understanding mobile phone consumption behavior of the student in Vietnam is very essential.
2. Keywords
Consumer Behavior, Mobile Phone, Vietnam, Student, Mobile Phone Market, Market Research, Smartphone, Technology.
3. Objectives of Thesis
The basic objective of the thesis is to analyze consumer behavior when they decide to buy a mobile phone through identifying and analyzing factors that have influenced mainly to the decision of purchasing a smart phone of selected group that focus on students in Vietnam. The analysis and outcome of the thesis are believable to help cellphone producers in Vietnam market to understand more about their clients and to set up feasible business strategies for increasing business output.
4. Methodology
Theoretical part of the bachelor thesis mostly presents about behavior theory, factors that affects behavior and the decision-making process of customers.
The practical part focuses on the research methods by using quantitative and qualitative research methodology together. By creating an online questionnaire (via social networks) with detailed questions related to the topic of thesis will be conducted and aimed to those who are student at Thang Long University in Vietnam. The data collected from the questionnaire which is filled in by students on the internet will be analyzed and recapitulated to give out objective assessment on consumer behavior to a particular product.
5. Main Findings
The responses of students at Thang Long University to the consumer behavior on mobile phone market questionnaire reveal that:
Information of sample: The questionnaire result indicated that 100% of students had mobile phones. It means that mobile phone is very popular in any social class as well as is very essential in the student life.
Through the survey, student who are living in the city accounted for 76%, is higher than in country side with 24% and the financial condition usually flutuates from 3 million to 4 million Dong, which accounted for 52%. Almost students in Viet Nam have had a part-time jobs to be more self-sufficient and independent on their family. That is why part-time jobs accounted of highest proportion with 54% of the 50 sample studied. The other incomes students come from their family with 26% and 12% is scholarship they received from university).
Mobile phone consumer behavior: Through the study of student consumer behavior on mobile phone market in Vietnam, the main results are shown as the following:
Understanding cognitive demand: The study result indicated that most of students realized the importance of mobile phone in their life. Student uses mobile phone for many different purposes, but almost students use mobile phone to serve works as well as to contact with their friends (89%). Besides, they did make lots of researches before purchasing a mobile phone. In which, the most reliable resources of information are from family, friends, and sellers (44%).
Evaluating plans: When students decided to buy a new mobile phone, they would mostly care about the quality (90%) and the useful on selecting products. Black and white are two basis colors that selected by students (33% and 35% respectively). Student also concerned with long battery life and the good at call quality, which respectively accounted for 64% and 58%.
Decision-making: The student tends to choose of buying a new mobile phone at store with 68% and they can accept to buy them at price from 5-7 million Dong to over 7 million Dong because of high operation as well as the variety applications. It can be seen from the survey that student using the Internet as the main activity, which accounted for 52%. Iphone (Apple) and Samsung are the favorite brands of student when selecting to buy mobile phone.
Post-purchase behavior: Mobile phone markets have launched the beautiful models, diversity designs as well as an important functions have been upgraded leads to change behavior consumer on purchasing phones. The results showed that there was a remarkable amount of student felt normal with their current mobile phone (34%), it means that they might be change a new phone in next time. Students who not satisfied with their mobile phone accounted for 10% because of broken or out of order.
6. Conclusion and the limitation of the study
In conclusion: From the result of study, it could be said that student behavior in purchasing and using a mobile phone was mostly and highly influenced by the technological status of device. The results of this study also help the businesses to understand the consuming behavior of students and have more appropriate marketing strategies to increase the consumption of mobile phones.
The limitation of the study: The study of consumer behavior on purchasing a mobile phone of students in Viet Nam is a long process and requires a lot of analysis. Meanwhile, these mainly methodology of this study is to approach direct interviews by created a survey form online with some questionnaires table and sent them to students who studying in Thang Long University via Internet (Facebook, department page, created group chat) without combination with other methods to better understand all of issues on students consumer behavior. In a reality, people can choose a mobile phone based on many criteria, however, this study just focused on basic criteria which widely has known already.
7. References
Ackroy, S., & Hughes, J. (1981). Data Collection in Context. Long man.
Graves, P. (September 9, 2010). Consumerology: The Market Research Myth, the Truth About Consumers, and the Psychology of Shopping. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
Kardes, F., Cronley, M., & Cline, T. (n.d.). Consumer Behavior. IBNS:1305161688; 9781305161689: Cengage Learning, 2014.
Kotler, P. (1999). Analyzing Consumer Markets and Buyer Behavior. In Marketing Management: Millennium Edition (10th Edition) (pp. 87-105). Prentice Hall; 10 edition.
Kotler, P. (1999, July 19). Marketing Management: Millennium Edition (10th Edition).
Wayne, D., & Deborah, J. (n.d.). Consumer Behavior. Cengage Learning, 2008.
Chand, S. (2015, November 28). Your Article Library:Consumer behaviour: Meaning/Definition and Nature of Consumer Behaviour: Available at: http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/marketing/market-segmentation/consumer-behaviour-meaningdefinition-and-nature-of-consumer-behaviour/32301/
Perreau, F. (2015, December 25). The consumer factor: The 5 stages of Consumer Buying Decision ProcessThe Consumer Factor: Available at: http://theconsumerfactor.com/en/5-stages-consumer-buying-decision-process/
Publications, S. O. (2014, May 14). Sai Om Publications:CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR MODELS: AN OVERVIEW: Available at: http://www.saiompublications.com/journal/index.php/ISSN-2347-7563/article/viewFile/163/pdf_24
dostupnost_czu
Students Consumer Behavior on Mobile Phone Market
1. Introduction In the age of technology today, mobile phone is very important in the business activities. Consumer behavior on mobile phone market in Vietnam has been studied and analyzed for the ...
Access to agricultural market information by rural women: a case study of Telenesti district in Central region of the Republic of Moldova
Kupková, Anna; Kandakov, Alexander; Anna , Anna
anglický
This thesis was focused mainly on the significance of access to agricultural market information by rural women and its impact to women´s agricultural productivity. Thesis also identified women´s role in agriculture, and analyzed accessibility, sources and utilization of agricultural market information. Research was conducted in Telenesti district in Central region of the Republic of Moldova, specifically in three selected communes Cazanesti, Brinzenii and Chitcani Vechi. A linear regression model was used to estimate relationship between annual agricultural production quantity expressed in money (MDL) and number of men within household, number of women within household, size of owned agricultural land and agricultural information usage by rural women. Number of women in household and agricultural market information by rural women did not have real impact to annual agricultural production quantity expressed in money. Agricultural market information were easily accessible for rural women in Telenesti district, and usage of agricultural market information was highly popular.
dostupnost_czu
Access to agricultural market information by rural women: a case study of Telenesti district in Central region of the Republic of Moldova
This thesis was focused mainly on the significance of access to agricultural market information by rural women and its impact to women´s agricultural productivity. Thesis also identified women´s role ...
Diet quality of large herbivores across continents
Karafiátová, Anežka; Hejcmanová, Pavla; Hakl, Josef
anglický
The objective of this diploma thesis was to compare diet quality of large herbivores across European and African continents. The particular aims were: 1) to determine concentrations of macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and fibre fractions (NDF, ADF, ADL) in faeces of selected 17 species of large herbivores, 2) to compare concentrations of these macronutrients and fibre fractions in faeces within the ruminants adopting different foraging strategies and non-ruminants separately in European and African localities, 3) to test the functional link between concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in animal faeces and in soil on pasture. In total, 281 faecal samples were collected from 17 animal species, i.e.: Loxodonta africana, Equus asinus, E. caballus, E. zebra quagga; Bos taurus, Syncerus caffer, Alcelaphus buselaphus, Damaliscus pygargus pygargus, Hippotragus equinus, Kobus ellipsiprymnus, Antidorcas marsupialis, Ovis aries, Bison bonasus, Alces alces, Taurotragus oryx, Taurotragus derbianus, Capra aegagrus hircus from 10 countries (Senegal, Chad, Zambia, Republic of South Africa, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Hungary, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway) together with soil representative samples from each locality. The samples were analysed for concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, NDF, ADF, ADL and concentrations of FN and FP were used for determination of diet quality. Herbivores from Africa had lower concentrations of FN and FP and higher ratios of N:P and Ca:P in comparison to herbivores from Europe. The highest lignin concentrations had concentrate selectors (moose, Derby and giant eland), thus reflecting the high concentration of lignin in browse. Within the non-ruminants, equids from Europe were superior in diet quality to African species, with highest fibre concentrations in elephants and lowest concentration of K together with highest concentrations of Mg in faeces of zebra. Finally, the relationship between plants available N, P in soil and FN, FP in investigated herbivorous animals was not proved, proposing more investigation concern to soil-plant-herbivores relationships.
dostupnost_czu
Diet quality of large herbivores across continents
The objective of this diploma thesis was to compare diet quality of large herbivores across European and African continents. The particular aims were: 1) to determine concentrations of macronutrients ...
Monetary Unions and the attitude of Russian citizens to the national currency
Nikolskii, Mikhail; Švejdarová, Sylva; Sabina, Sabina
anglický
The thesis is aimed to define the attitude of Russian citizens to the national currency at the threshold of entering to the new monetary union. As an example of the acting monetary union has been taken the European Union and its institutions, to go through the steps of the integration.The thesis is composed of two parts: Literature review deals with legal background of the European Union, integrations, and the basic history of establishment of monetary union. The second part is Own solution, defines the attitude of the Russian citizens to the national currency during the economical crisis by the questionnaire. Also the second part of the thesis determines the sentiment of Russian citizens to current economic situation in the country and willingness to join the Eurasian Economic Union. In addition second part deals with background of crisis in Russian Federation.
Klíčová slova:
Evropská unie; Euroasijská Hospodářská unie; Ruský rubl; Měnová unie; eurozóna; Integrace Eura; sankce; Ruská federace; krize
dostupnost_czu
Monetary Unions and the attitude of Russian citizens to the national currency
The thesis is aimed to define the attitude of Russian citizens to the national currency at the threshold of entering to the new monetary union. As an example of the acting monetary union has been ...
Genetic diversity of baobab (&-lt;i&-gt;Adansonia digitata&-lt;/i&-gt; L.) along an elevation transect in Kenya
Chládová, Anna; Lojka, Bohdan; Petra, Petra
anglický
@Adansonia digitata@L. (Malvaceae) is a huge multipurpose tree of the savannahs of sub-Saharan Africa with high economic potential for local communities. The edible fruits and leaves are known for their high nutritional values and can be used fresh or processed. However, a high intra-specific variability regarding morphology, genetics and nutritional content of baobab and its products is documented for several African regions, while data for Kenya is largely lacking. This study aimed at documenting the genetic and morphological variability of baobab accessions in Kenya and at checking the presence of the newly described diploid baobab species @Adansonia kilima@. Samples were collected from 204 baobab trees from seven populations defined by geographical distance in South-eastern and Coastal Kenya at altitudes of 6-1,058 m asl. Leaf or bark samples for genetic diversity assessment were collected from all 204 trees, while leaves only from 65 and fruits from 76 trees (all in inland locations) for morphological analyses based on the publication Descriptors for Baobab. Nine microsatellite loci were used to assess genetic variation and results analysed with specific software because of the tetraploid nature of baobab. Overall genetic diversity was high and all loci were polymorphic. The mean gene diversity was 0.803 and observed heterozygosity was 0.907. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed low variation among populations (12.4%) and high variation within populations (87.6%). Bayesian clustering and Principal Coordinate Analysis divided the accessions into two clusters, one with only inland and one with coastal accessions. Although the presence of @Adansonia kilima@ was previously postulated for Kenya, flow cytometry did not detect any among the analysed samples as only tetraploids were observed. Regarding morphological characteristics, no differences among the fruit accession from inland populations were found (no fruits were collected in coastal areas). Leaf morphological data showed significant differences between inland and coastal populations with longest leaflets and leaf petioles in accession from the Coast, thus confirming the results obtained for genetic analysis. This study contributes to the overall knowledge of the genetic diversity of baobab in Kenya and can contribute to the development of germplasm conservation strategies and domestication programs for baobab.
Klíčová slova:
Genetická diverzita; Mikrosatelity (SSR); Baobab (Adansonia digitata)
dostupnost_czu
Genetic diversity of baobab (&-lt;i&-gt;Adansonia digitata&-lt;/i&-gt; L.) along an elevation transect in Kenya
@Adansonia digitata@L. (Malvaceae) is a huge multipurpose tree of the savannahs of sub-Saharan Africa with high economic potential for local communities. The edible fruits and leaves are known for ...
Economic evaluation of premium branding strategies
Savinykh, Egor; Procházka, Petr; Selby, Richard
anglický
The purpose of this thesis is to find out the main constituents of premium branding strategies and evaluate the dependency between implementing of marketing strategies and brand income.
The theoretical part is represented by literature review. Its main objective is to acquire knowledge about the brand creation process. It deals with creating the brand analysis framework to be used in the analytical part.
The analytical part consists of two separate single-case studies and one cross-case study in order to achieve the most accurate results.
The idea behind analytical part is to break down the constituents of two premium brands in order to acknowledge similarities between their branding strategies. As well the dependency between marketing activities and income will be tested.
dostupnost_czu
Economic evaluation of premium branding strategies
The purpose of this thesis is to find out the main constituents of premium branding strategies and evaluate the dependency between implementing of marketing strategies and brand income. The ...
Influence of Creativity and Innovation on the Entrepreneurial Performance of a Public Electricity Company
Igbinovia, Famous Oghomwen; Dittrich, Oldřich Ludwig; Hana, Hana
anglický
This research study examined the Influence of Creativity and Innovation on the Entrepreneurial Performance of a Public Electricity Company: A Case Study of the Transmission Company of Nigeria. The objective of the research was to examine the Influence of Creativity and Innovation on the Entrepreneurial Performance of a Public Electricity Company. Both primary and secondary data were used for the data gathered. The survey research method was used through the distribution of four hundred (400) questionnaires to Staffers of the Transmission Company of Nigeria. Thereafter, data gotten were statistically analysed. In analysis of the data gathered, it was found that creativity and innovation through product quality, new technology, and new product development significantly affect the performance of a public electricity transmission company. The study recommends that to enhance performance and sustainability public electricity transmission companies should engage more on technology in improving the quality of its electricity product.
dostupnost_czu
Influence of Creativity and Innovation on the Entrepreneurial Performance of a Public Electricity Company
This research study examined the Influence of Creativity and Innovation on the Entrepreneurial Performance of a Public Electricity Company: A Case Study of the Transmission Company of Nigeria. The ...
Ecohydrological evaluation of a selected small stream and its catchment
Matys, Michal; Doležal, František; Křovák, František
anglický
This paper deals with ecohydrological evaluation of Litovicko - Šárecký stream´s basin and its four major tributaries. Jenečský, Zličínský, Nebušický and Lysolajský. The ecohydrological evaluation was performed by EcoRivHab methodology (Matoušková, 2008). The methodology uses three main parameters for evaluation: riverbed, river banks and floodplain. The method was complemented with research on a development of surface water quality in watershed and alterations in land cover. The aim of the evaluation is to determine the degree of anthropogenic influence on stream´s units and consequently on watershed . In total, 59 sections with total length of 34 km of heterogeneous length, but homogeneous quality were rated. Litovicko - Šárecký river´s basin was evaluated as strongly anthropogenically affected because 62% of the watershed is Rated as III. to V. stage, a moderate to strong level of anthropogenic influence. The main reason for this is that the basin is directly affected by high concentration of urban influence affecting the quality of the watershed.
dostupnost_czu
Ecohydrological evaluation of a selected small stream and its catchment
This paper deals with ecohydrological evaluation of Litovicko - Šárecký stream´s basin and its four major tributaries. Jenečský, Zličínský, Nebušický and Lysolajský. The ecohydrological evaluation was ...
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