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Identificatory functions of the description in a fictional text
Koťátko, Petr
2014 - English
The author argues that descriptions used in narrative fiction typically function as incomplete descriptions of complete entities, rather than as descriptions of incomplete entities. This presupposes a specific account of fictional worlds and their inhabitants.
Keywords:
description; narrative fiction; fictional world
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Identificatory functions of the description in a fictional text
The author argues that descriptions used in narrative fiction typically function as incomplete descriptions of complete entities, rather than as descriptions of incomplete entities. This presupposes a ...
Philosophical Perspective of Humanist Discourse on History: Ars Historica in Patrizi's and Pontano's Dialogues
Šolcová, Kateřina
2014 - English
The renaissance revival of classical learning raised an interest in history that found expression in a new literary genre, ars historica. In this contribution I provide an analysis of two ars historica examples: The dialogue Actius (written around 1499) by the Neapolitan humanist Giovanni Pontano (1426-1503), which emphasized the literary context of history, and Francesco Patrizi’s (1529-1597) Della historia. Dieci dialoghi (1560), underscoring the appropriate method with focus on the true motivations of historical events. A comparison of these two remarkable works will show in which features the humanist authors anticipated the future development that elevated history to a conceptually independent discipline.
Keywords:
ars historica; G. G. Pontano; F. Patrizi; historiography
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Philosophical Perspective of Humanist Discourse on History: Ars Historica in Patrizi's and Pontano's Dialogues
The renaissance revival of classical learning raised an interest in history that found expression in a new literary genre, ars historica. In this contribution I provide an analysis of two ars ...
With Hans Oerberg in Latin classes
Kepartová, Jana
2014 - Czech
The aim of the contribution is to evaluate the experience with teaching Latin in the university curriculum upon the books written by Hans Oerberg. Cílem příspěvku bylo zhodnotit zkušenosti s výukou latinského jazyka na základě učebnic Hanse Oerberga v univerzitním curriculu.
Keywords:
Latin; teaching; classical languages
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
With Hans Oerberg in Latin classes
The aim of the contribution is to evaluate the experience with teaching Latin in the university curriculum upon the books written by Hans Oerberg.
For history of exhibitions. Retro-perspective, archive and migration of forms
Císař, Karel
2013 - Czech
In her 'View of Modernism,' the groundbreaking study from 1972, Rosalind Krauss takes on the work of the critic Clement Greenberg. Forty years later, Krauss' Under Blue Cup (2011) challenges Catherine David, the curator of documenta X. This change in Krauss's choice of opponents is not incidental and testifies to the widening of art-historical research. David approached the documenta X exhibition (1997) as a cinematographic sequence of artworks, questioning the 'white cube' of the traditional museum and the politics of identity, which Krauss's book defends. The fact that Krauss decided to test her views against a curator rather than a fellow critic or art historian is even more significant. It shows the transformation of art, a process which Krauss herself helped to bring about in the 1970s. As the artwork gave up on the specificity of its means of expression and started opening up to external conditions, the importance of individual artworks weakened in favour of the exhibition as a whole. This is one of the reasons why the history of contemporary art has increasingly become a history of exhibitions rather than a history of styles and individual artworks. O rozšíření pole zkoumání dějin umění svědčí změna oponentů, které si zvolila Rosalind Kraussová v průlomové stati 'A View of Modernism' z roku 1972 a v knize Under Blue Cup, kterou vydala v loňském roce. Zatímco v 70. letech tímto protivníkem nebyl nikdo jiný než kritik Clement Greenberg, o 40 let později se jím stala kurátorka přehlídky documenta X Catherine Davidové. Skutečnost, že si Kraussová k tomuto útoku zvolila Davidovou, není nijak náhodná. Kurátorka totiž výstavu documenta X (1997) pojala jako kinematografickou sekvenci děl, která polemizuje s 'bílou krychlí' tradičního muzea a politikou identity, které Kraussová ve své poslední knize obhajuje. Významnější je samotný fakt, že se vůbec poprvé rozhodla vyhranit vůči kurátorce, a ne jinému kritikovi či historikovi umění. Svědčí to o proměně výtvarného umění, na níž se sama Kraussová v 70. letech významně podílela. S tím, jak se umělecké dílo rozešlo se specifičností svých výrazových prostředků, a začalo se otevírat vnějším institucionálním podmínkám, došlo k oslabení významu uměleckého díla a naopak k posílení instalace a výstavy jako celku. I proto jsou dějiny současného umění stále častěji pojímány nikoli jako dějiny stylů či individuálních děl, nýbrž jako dějiny výstav.
Keywords:
history; exhibitions; archive
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
For history of exhibitions. Retro-perspective, archive and migration of forms
In her 'View of Modernism,' the groundbreaking study from 1972, Rosalind Krauss takes on the work of the critic Clement Greenberg. Forty years later, Krauss' Under Blue Cup (2011) challenges Catherine ...
Introduction
Drozenová, Wendy
2013 - Czech
The introduction to the collection of papers from the student conference 'Ethics and Science; Ethical Dilemmas in Science' organized by the Faculty of Philosophy of Ostrava University in Ostrava explains the structure of the book and the subjects of the papers. In the first part it gives information of the development and the main themes in ethics of science. Úvod ke sborníku prací ze studentské konference 'Etika a věda. Etická dilemata ve vědecké práci', kterou uspořádala Filozofická fakulta Ostravské univerzity v Ostravě, objasňuje strukturu knihy a tematické zaměření jednotlivých příspěvků. V první části úvodu je předeslána informace o nastolení a vývoji hlavních problémů v etice vědy.
Keywords:
ethics; science; technology
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Introduction
The introduction to the collection of papers from the student conference 'Ethics and Science; Ethical Dilemmas in Science' organized by the Faculty of Philosophy of Ostrava University in Ostrava ...
Natural or Artificial Intelligence?
Havlík, Vladimír
2013 - English
The distinction between natural and artificial is the basic question which fundamentally affects other considerations and conclusions connected with artificial intelligence. The article deals with few examples of natural-artificial distinction in the philosophy of science and then discuss what results from it for the problem of intelligence. On the basis of Dennett’s conception of intentionality it tries to show that besides the traditional conception there is another perspective in which the natural-artificial distinction disappears.
Keywords:
artificial intelligence; natural intelligence; artifact; natural process; intrinsic intentionality
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Natural or Artificial Intelligence?
The distinction between natural and artificial is the basic question which fundamentally affects other considerations and conclusions connected with artificial intelligence. The article deals with few ...
The Relationship between Purpose and Means in Philosophy and Politics
Bednář, Miloslav
2013 - Czech
Bednář confronts Machiavelli's understanding of the relationship between purpose and means in politics to Plato's concept of it as presented in the dialogue Gorgias and with current attempts to justify Machiavelli's concept of politics. Machiavelli's voluntaristic outline of politics and the resulting manipulative populism is neither democratism, nor a republican non-domination. Bednář porovnává Machiavelliho chápání vztahu účelu a prostředku v politice s Platónovým pojetím, předvedeným v dialogu Gorgiás, s přihlédnutím k dnešním pokusům a rehabilitovat Machiavelliho pojetí politiky. Machiavelliho voluntaristický rozvrh politiky a výsledný manipulativní populismus není ani demokratismem, ani republikánskou nedominancí.
Keywords:
purpose; means; Plato; Machiavelli
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The Relationship between Purpose and Means in Philosophy and Politics
Bednář confronts Machiavelli's understanding of the relationship between purpose and means in politics to Plato's concept of it as presented in the dialogue Gorgias and with current attempts to ...
Value Background of Bioethics
Drozenová, Wendy
2012 - Czech
The paper deals with the concept of bioethics: a discipline emerging from the results of natural science and leading inevitably to philosophical questions. The other part of the paper results into the issue doctor- patient relation. Příspěvek se zabývá specifickým postavením bioetiky jako discipliny, která vzniká na základě výsledků přírodní vědy, ale zároveň vede nutně k otázkám filozofické povahy. Druhá část příspěvku směřuje k otázce vztahu lékaře a pacienta.
Keywords:
bioethics; concept of health; doctor-patient relation
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Value Background of Bioethics
The paper deals with the concept of bioethics: a discipline emerging from the results of natural science and leading inevitably to philosophical questions. The other part of the paper results into the ...
Laocoon, Tyrš and Czech Art History
Bažant, Jan
2012 - Czech
Miroslav Tyrš's analysis of the scultural group of Laocoon was erroneous, but it in no way belittle his status as the founder of Czech history of art and classical archaeology. Miroslav Tyrš ve své analýze sousoší s Láokoóntem došel k mylným závěrům, ale to nic nemění na jeho postavení otce zakladatele českého dějepisu umění a klasické archeologie.
Keywords:
ancient art; history of art; Winckelmann
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Laocoon, Tyrš and Czech Art History
Miroslav Tyrš's analysis of the scultural group of Laocoon was erroneous, but it in no way belittle his status as the founder of Czech history of art and classical archaeology.
Technology Assessment as Applied Ethics of Technology
Machleidt, Petr
2012 - Czech
Practices that characterize Technology Asessment have recently experienced a new renaissance within the European area. An example is the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme titled PACITA (Parliaments and Civil Society in Technology Assessment). An important role for TA in the Czech Republic is to create conditions for gaining public acceptance of technological development. If the Czech Republic wants succeed in the future, it has to create an environment that is „friendly“ to technologies. Many of the ethics issues in technology are linked with the interface of science and ethics, environmental ethics and/or medical ethics. Postupy, které charakterizují sociální hodnocení techniky, tedy Technology Asessment,zažívají v poslední době v evropském prostoru určitou renesanci. Příkladem je projekt 7.rám. programu EU s názvem PACITA – Parliaments and Civil Society in Technology Assessment. Důležitou roli TA pro ČR je možno vidět ve vytváření podmínek pro akceptaci technického rozvoje ve veřejnosti. Obstát v budoucnosti znamená i pro Českou republiku vytvořit takové prostředí, které bude "přátelské" k technologiím. Řada problémů etiky techniky má proto obsahové rozhraní k etice vědy, k ekologické etice či k lékařské etice. Má také strukturální rozhraní k Technology Assessment, k etice politiky a k etice ekonomiky a podnikání. Aplikovaná etika techniky spolu s analýzou lidského faktoru ve sféře rizik se zdůrazňováním významu informovanosti veřejnosti a se sledováním zranitelnosti (vulnerability) techniky, tj. s výzkumem dostatečné robustnosti technologických systémů, naznačuje také další směřování vývoje TA v ČR.
Keywords:
Technology Asessment; ethics
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Technology Assessment as Applied Ethics of Technology
Practices that characterize Technology Asessment have recently experienced a new renaissance within the European area. An example is the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme titled PACITA (Parliaments ...
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