Zoological days Ostrava 2024: book of abstracts
Drozd, P.; Ožana, S.; Bryja, Josef
2024 - Czech Keywords: zoology; conference Fulltext is available at external website. Zoological days Ostrava 2024: book of abstracts

Drozd, P.; Ožana, S.; Bryja, Josef
Ústav biologie obratlovců, 2024

A New Hollow Fiber-Based Liquid-Phase Microextraction Method for the Determination of Antihypertensive Drug Lercanidipine in Biological Samples
Labzova, O.; Hrdlička, Vojtěch; Navrátil, Tomáš; Šelešovská, R.
2024 - English A new hollow fiber-based liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method for the determination of antihypertensive drug lercandipine (LCN) in biological samples was developed. HF-LPME was\ncombined with optimized square wave voltammetry (SWV) on a cathodically pre-treated screenprinted boron-doped diamond electrode (SP-BDDE). Optimum HF-LPME conditions were:\nsupported liquid membrane (SLM) dodecane, 0.02 mol L-1 Britton-Robinson buffer (BRB, pH = 3) acceptor phase, BRB (pH = 7) donor phase, and time of extraction 30 min. Limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) were 3.3 and 1.1 nmol L-1, respectively. The applicability of the developed method was verified on human urine, blood serum, and blood plasma with 20 and 100 nmol L-1 LCN addition. Keywords: Lercanidipine hydrochloride; Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction; Screenprinted boron-doped diamond electrode Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR A New Hollow Fiber-Based Liquid-Phase Microextraction Method for the Determination of Antihypertensive Drug Lercanidipine in Biological Samples

A new hollow fiber-based liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method for the determination of antihypertensive drug lercandipine (LCN) in biological samples was developed. HF-LPME was\ncombined with ...

Labzova, O.; Hrdlička, Vojtěch; Navrátil, Tomáš; Šelešovská, R.
Ústav fyzikální chemie J. Heyrovského, 2024

Development of Polymeric Enantioselective Membranes
Čížek, Jan
2024 - English Enantiomers are molecules that share the same chemical formula but in space form mirror images of each other. Their reactions with other chiral molecules can be remarkably different, which is crucial mainly for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. However, industrialscale synthetic production of enantiomerically pure compounds is not always available. Therefore, the need for pure enantiomeric compounds drives the development and research on various separation methods. However, most methods used on the industrial scale are limited to specific compounds (diastereomeric recrystallization) or generally difficult and/or expensive to scale up (chromatography-related methods). Separation of enantiomers using membranes is promising\nthanks to the easy scalability and continuous operation of membrane processes. Various ideas about how the enantioselective membranes should look like have been published in the last thirty years. The mechanism of enantiomeric separation on a membrane is, however, highly specific, and still requires extensive research. In this work, four types of enantioselective polymeric membranes are presented. Available in a digital repository NRGL Development of Polymeric Enantioselective Membranes

Enantiomers are molecules that share the same chemical formula but in space form mirror images of each other. Their reactions with other chiral molecules can be remarkably different, which is crucial ...

Čížek, Jan
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024

Synthesis of Fluorinated Methyl β-Lactosides
Krčil, Aleš
2024 - English In my contribution, I will describe the synthesis of a complete series of mono-deoxyfluorinated methyl β-lactosides (1–7). Their affinity towards hgals will be determined by analytical method ELISA. The synthesis relies on monosaccharide building blocks, which serves as key intermediates that are transformed into the target products through glycosylation followed by final deprotection steps. Keywords: flurinated carbohydrates; galectin; deoxyfluorination Available in a digital repository NRGL Synthesis of Fluorinated Methyl β-Lactosides

In my contribution, I will describe the synthesis of a complete series of mono-deoxyfluorinated methyl β-lactosides (1–7). Their affinity towards hgals will be determined by analytical method ELISA. ...

Krčil, Aleš
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024

Investigation of Mechanical Processing of Solar Photovoltaic Panels
Šperlich, Antonín
2024 - English This work aims to describe the possibilities of mechanical treatment of solar photovoltaic panels. In the first part, the shredding and milling process for the transformation of the product (whole panel) into material that can be further processed, was investigated. Milled material was sieved and analyzed. It was observed that this shredding also works as a selective grinding because three main products were produced. The second part of this work was aimed at the physical concentration of silver in real samples of milled solar photovoltaic panels by Knelson separator. This device (type of centrifugal separator) showed the ability to significantly increase the amount of silver in the outcome stream. Keywords: solar photovoltaic panels; selective milling; Knelson Available in a digital repository NRGL Investigation of Mechanical Processing of Solar Photovoltaic Panels

This work aims to describe the possibilities of mechanical treatment of solar photovoltaic panels. In the first part, the shredding and milling process for the transformation of the product (whole ...

Šperlich, Antonín
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024

Axial Dispersion and Mass Transfer in Bubble Column
Terentyak, Mark
2024 - English The objective of the study is to experimentally investigate axial dispersion and mass transfer within a bubble column, examining their mutual interrelation\nand their correlation with operational parameters and AR1. Keywords: bubble column; axial dispersion; mass transfer Available in a digital repository NRGL Axial Dispersion and Mass Transfer in Bubble Column

The objective of the study is to experimentally investigate axial dispersion and mass transfer within a bubble column, examining their mutual interrelation\nand their correlation with operational ...

Terentyak, Mark
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024

Exploring Bubble Dynamics with VOF Method Simulations: Insights from Two Fundamental Gas-Liquid Flow Case Studies
Harrandt, Václav
2024 - English The present study focuses on the flow of Taylor bubbles, representing the interaction between the channel wall and the gas phase, and the collision of\na bubble with a vortex ring, serving as a model liquid-gas interaction. Understanding the former case can be essential to prevent the membrane\nfouling or the flow induced corrosion. The dynamics of the latter case is the predictive criterion for whether the initial mother bubble will break up into the daughter bubbles or not2 and this process can therefore be used as an idealized model of turbulent bubble flow. Keywords: bubble dynamics; multiphase interaction,; numerical simulation Available in a digital repository NRGL Exploring Bubble Dynamics with VOF Method Simulations: Insights from Two Fundamental Gas-Liquid Flow Case Studies

The present study focuses on the flow of Taylor bubbles, representing the interaction between the channel wall and the gas phase, and the collision of\na bubble with a vortex ring, serving as a model ...

Harrandt, Václav
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024

The Influence of Geometric Parameters of 3D Printed Structured Beds on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Trickle-Bed Reactor
Nyklíčková, Kateřina
2024 - English The study examines a parametric set of POCS structures, where cubic cell is the basic element. The parameters such as strut diameter sd and cell size cs were varied1. These modifications are implemented with an emphasis on maintaining similar porosity and specific surface area for these structures. Keywords: trickle-bed reactor; pressure dop; POCS structures Available in digital repository of the ASCR The Influence of Geometric Parameters of 3D Printed Structured Beds on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Trickle-Bed Reactor

The study examines a parametric set of POCS structures, where cubic cell is the basic element. The parameters such as strut diameter sd and cell size cs were varied1. These modifications are ...

Nyklíčková, Kateřina
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024

Evaluation of root system architecture and osmotic adaptation in barley
Klem, Karel; Findurová, Hana; Urban, Otmar; Holub, Petr
2024 - Czech Drought tolerance based on improving root system architecture, in particular by increasing rooting depth, increasing root density at deeper layers, or osmotic adjustment, is one of the most effective ways of adapting to drought, especially in conditions where sufficient water remains in the deeper soil layers during the dry season. Moreover, osmotic adjustment is a trait that allows plants to take up water even when water availability is limited, including the deeper soil layers. On the other hand, however, these are traits that are very difficult to evaluate, given their hidden nature or the need to laboriously excavate roots growing in the soil. This is also the reason why, despite their considerable importance, these features have long been overlooked. Breeding for these traits is done only indirectly by evaluating yield response to drought or indirect physiological or morphological parameters. \nIn this methodology, three methods for evaluating root system architecture or osmotic adjustment are presented which allow selection for specific root system architecture traits or osmotic adjustment, to be carried out on a large number of genotypes, using a relatively simple method based on the cultivation of roots on black filter paper, either hydroponically or aeroponically. This method allows a detailed analysis of root system architecture parameters that are important for drought tolerance and also a relatively easy test of osmotic adjustment by inducing osmotic stress with polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution. Both methods have been successfully validated, in the first case in a model experiment with nutrient deficiency, in which the effect on root system architecture is confounded, and in the second case in a set of barley genetic resources and varieties in which previously obtained information on drought tolerance of some genotypes was confirmed. \nAnother of the methods presented is the cultivation of roots in rhizoboxes filled with sand with a grid of spikes that hold the roots in the position in which they grew when washed. This method again allows the root system architecture to be assessed, but in this case under conditions that more closely match real soil conditions. The method was validated in three barley genotypes with contrasting root system vigor. The method used not only demonstrated the expected differences in rooting depth and root density distribution but also showed a relationship to the physiological response to reduced water availability in terms of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation rate. \nTherefore, all the methods presented here are suitable tools to help breeders in the selection of drought-tolerant barley genotypes. Tolerance vůči suchu, založená na zlepšení architektury kořenového systému, zejména pak na zvýšení hloubky zakořenění, zvýšení hustoty kořenů ve větší hloubce, nebo na schopnosti osmotického přizpůsobení, představuje jeden z nejefektivnějších způsobů adaptace k suchu, zejména pak v podmínkách, kde v období sucha zůstává dostatek vody v hlubších vrstvách půdy. Osmotické přizpůsobení navíc představuje znak, který umožňuje rostlinám příjem vody i při její omezené dostupnosti, včetně snížené dostupnosti v hlubších vrstvách půdy. Na druhou stranu se ovšem jedná o znaky, které jsou velmi obtížně vyhodnotitelné, vzhledem k jejich skrytému charakteru nebo nutnosti pracného odkrývání kořenů rostoucích v půdě. To je také důvod, proč jsou tyto znaky i přes jejich značný význam dlouhodobě přehlíženy. Šlechtění na tyto znaky probíhá fakticky pouze nepřímo pomocí vyhodnocení výnosové reakce na sucho, nebo nepřímých fyziologických či morfologických parametrů. \nV této metodice jsou představeny tři metody vyhodnocení architektury kořenového systému nebo osmotického přizpůsobení, které umožňují provedení selekce na zvolené znaky kořenového systému či osmotického přizpůsobení u velkého počtu genotypů s využitím relativně jednoduché metody založené na kultivaci kořenů na černém filtračním papíru ať již hydroponicky nebo aeroponicky. Tato metoda umožňuje podrobnou analýzu parametrů architektury kořenového systému, které jsou důležité pro toleranci k suchu a rovněž také relativně snadný test osmotického přizpůsobení pomocí indukce osmotického stresu roztokem polyethylen-glykolu (PEG). Obě metody byly úspěšně validovány, v prvním případě na modelovém experimentu s deficitem živin, u kterého je zmámý vliv na architekturu kořenového systému, a v druhém případě na souboru genetických zdrojů a odrůd ječmene, v němž byly potvrzeny dříve získané informace o toleranci některých genotypů k suchu. \nDalší z prezentovaných metod je kultivace kořenů v rhizoboxech naplněných pískem se sítí hrotů, které udržují kořeny při vymývání v poloze, v jakých kořeny rostly. Tato metoda umožňuje opět posouzení architektury kořenového systému, nicméně v tomto případě v podmínkách, které lépe odpovídají reálné situaci v půdě. Validace metody proběhla u tří genotypů ječmene s kontrastní mohutností kořenového systému. Použitá metoda prokázala nejen předpokládané rozdíly v hloubce zakořenění a distribuci hustoty kořenů, ale rovněž prokázala vztah k fyziologické odezvě na sníženou dostupnost vody v podobě rychlosti fotosyntetické asimilace CO2. \nVšechny předkládané metody proto představují vhodný nástroj, který by měl pomoci šlechtitelům v selekci genotypů ječmene tolerantních k suchu. \n\n Keywords: spring barley; drought; drought tolerance; root system architecture; root phenotyping; osmotic adjustment; plant physiology Available at various institutes of the ASCR Evaluation of root system architecture and osmotic adaptation in barley

Drought tolerance based on improving root system architecture, in particular by increasing rooting depth, increasing root density at deeper layers, or osmotic adjustment, is one of the most effective ...

Klem, Karel; Findurová, Hana; Urban, Otmar; Holub, Petr
Ústav výzkumu globální změny , 2024

Emerging Contaminants in Sewage Sludge: Analysis and Their Removal by Pyrolysis
Hušek, Matěj
2024 - English The study continues with flame retardants (e.g., phosphorus-based or brominated) present in sludge, which may pose a hazard to nature and human health3,4. There is a lack of information on their pyrolysis removal and occurrence in the sludge in the Czech Republic. Keywords: sewage sludge; pyrolysis; PFAS; flame retardants Available in a digital repository NRGL Emerging Contaminants in Sewage Sludge: Analysis and Their Removal by Pyrolysis

The study continues with flame retardants (e.g., phosphorus-based or brominated) present in sludge, which may pose a hazard to nature and human health3,4. There is a lack of information on their ...

Hušek, Matěj
Ústav chemických procesů, 2024